Timeline of United States history (1790–1819)
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This section of the Timeline of United States history concerns events from 1790 to 1819.


1790s


Presidency of George Washington

*1790 – Rhode Island ratifies the Constitution and becomes 13th state *1791 – The Bill of Rights, comprising the first ten amendments to the Constitution, is adopted. *1791 –
First Bank of the United States First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1). First or 1st may also refer to: *World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement Arts and media Music * 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and rec ...
chartered *1791 – Vermont becomes the 14th state (formerly the independent
Vermont Republic The Vermont Republic ( French: ''République du Vermont''), officially known at the time as the State of Vermont ( French: ''État du Vermont''), was an independent state in New England that existed from January 15, 1777, to March 4, 1791. The ...
) *1792 – Kentucky becomes the 15th state (formerly Kentucky County, Virginia) *1792 –
U.S. presidential election, 1792 The 1792 United States presidential election was the second quadrennial presidential election. It was held from Friday, November 2, to Wednesday, December 5, 1792. Incumbent President George Washington was elected to a second term by a unanimous ...
:
George Washington George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of th ...
reelected president, John Adams reelected vice president *1793 –
Eli Whitney Eli Whitney Jr. (December 8, 1765January 8, 1825) was an American inventor, widely known for inventing the cotton gin, one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution that shaped the economy of the Antebellum South. Although Whitney hi ...
invents
cotton gin A cotton gin—meaning "cotton engine"—is a machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, enabling much greater productivity than manual cotton separation.. Reprinted by McGraw-Hill, New York and London, 1926 (); a ...
*March 4, 1793 – President Washington and Vice President Adams begin second terms *1793 – Yellow fever outbreak in Philadelphia *1793 –
Fugitive Slave Act A fugitive (or runaway) is a person who is fleeing from custody, whether it be from jail, a government arrest, government or non-government questioning, vigilante violence, or outraged private individuals. A fugitive from justice, also kno ...
passed *1793 – ''
Chisholm v. Georgia ''Chisholm v. Georgia'', 2 U.S. (2 Dall.) 419 (1793), is considered the first United States Supreme Court case of significance and impact. Since the case was argued prior to the formal pronouncement of judicial review by ''Marbury v. Madison'' (180 ...
'' (2 US 419 1793) paves way for passage of 11th Amendment *1794 – Whiskey Rebellion *1794 – Battle of Fallen Timbers *1795 – Treaty of Greenville *1795 – Jay's Treaty *1795 – 11th Amendment "ratified by 12 of the then 15 states" *1795 – Pinckney's Treaty (also called Treaty of San Lorenzo) *1796 – Tennessee becomes the 16th state (formerly part of North Carolina) *1796 – Treaty of Tripoli *1796 –
U.S. presidential election, 1796 The 1796 United States presidential election was the third quadrennial United States presidential election, presidential election. It was held from Friday, November 4 to Wednesday, December 7, 1796. It was the first contested American presidentia ...
: John Adams is elected president, Thomas Jefferson vice president


Presidency of John Adams

*1797 – John Adams becomes the second President (until 1801); in Philadelphia; Thomas Jefferson becomes Vice President *1798 – Alien and Sedition Acts *1798 – the Quasi-War starts *1798 and 1799 –
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions were political statements drafted in 1798 and 1799 in which the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures took the position that the federal Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional. The resolutions argued t ...
*1798 – Charles Brockden Brown's novel '' Wieland'' published *1799 – Charles Brockden Brown's novel '' Edgar Huntly'' published *1799 –
Fries's Rebellion Fries's Rebellion (), also called House Tax Rebellion, the Home Tax Rebellion and, in Pennsylvania German, the Heesses-Wasser Uffschtand, was an armed tax revolt among Pennsylvania Dutch farmers between 1799 and 1800. It was the third of three t ...
*1799 –
Logan Act The Logan Act (, , enacted ) is a United States federal law that criminalizes negotiation by unauthorized American citizens with foreign governments having a dispute with the United States. The intent behind the Act is to prevent unauthorized nego ...
*1799 –
George Washington George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of th ...
dies


1800s

*1800 – Library of Congress founded *1800 – Convention of 1800 ends the Quasi-War *1800 –
U.S. presidential election, 1800 The 1800 United States presidential election was the fourth quadrennial presidential election. It was held from October 31 to December 3, 1800. In what is sometimes called the "Revolution of 1800", Vice President Thomas Jefferson of the Democra ...
: Thomas Jefferson and
Aaron Burr Aaron Burr Jr. (February 6, 1756 – September 14, 1836) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the third vice president of the United States from 1801 to 1805. Burr's legacy is defined by his famous personal conflict with Alexand ...
tie in the Electoral College. *1801 – Thomas Jefferson elected president by the House of Representatives;
Aaron Burr Aaron Burr Jr. (February 6, 1756 – September 14, 1836) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the third vice president of the United States from 1801 to 1805. Burr's legacy is defined by his famous personal conflict with Alexand ...
elected vice president. *1801 – President Adams appoints
John Marshall John Marshall (September 24, 1755July 6, 1835) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the fourth Chief Justice of the United States from 1801 until his death in 1835. He remains the longest-serving chief justice and fourth-longes ...
Chief Justice


Presidency of Thomas Jefferson

*1801 – Thomas Jefferson becomes the third President; Aaron Burr becomes Vice President *1803 – ''
Marbury v. Madison ''Marbury v. Madison'', 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803), was a List of landmark court decisions in the United States, landmark Supreme Court of the United States, U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of Judicial review in the Uni ...
'' (5 US 137 1803) allows
Supreme Court A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in most legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of ...
to invalidate law passed by the United States Congress for first time: the
Judiciary Act of 1789 The Judiciary Act of 1789 (ch. 20, ) was a United States federal statute enacted on September 24, 1789, during the first session of the First United States Congress. It established the federal judiciary of the United States. Article III, Secti ...
*1803 – Louisiana Purchase *1803 – Ohio, formerly part of Connecticut, becomes the 17th state *1804 – 12th Amendment ratified *1804 – New Jersey abolishes slavery *1804 – Burr-Hamilton duel (
Alexander Hamilton Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757July 12, 1804) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first United States secretary of the treasury from 1789 to 1795. Born out of wedlock in Charlest ...
dies) *1804 –
Lewis and Clark Lewis may refer to: Names * Lewis (given name), including a list of people with the given name * Lewis (surname), including a list of people with the surname Music * Lewis (musician), Canadian singer * "Lewis (Mistreated)", a song by Radiohead ...
set out *1804 –
U.S. presidential election, 1804 The 1804 United States presidential election was the fifth quadrennial presidential election, held from Friday, November 2, to Wednesday, December 5, 1804. Incumbent Democratic-Republican president Thomas Jefferson defeated Federalist Charles Cot ...
: Thomas Jefferson reelected president; George Clinton elected vice president *1805 – President Jefferson begins second term; George Clinton becomes Vice President *1807 – Embargo Act of 1807 *1807 – Robert Fulton invents
steamboat A steamboat is a boat that is marine propulsion, propelled primarily by marine steam engine, steam power, typically driving propellers or Paddle steamer, paddlewheels. Steamboats sometimes use the ship prefix, prefix designation SS, S.S. or S/S ...
*1807 – U.S. slave trade with Africa ends *1808 – U.S. presidential election, 1808: James Madison elected president, George Clinton reelected vice president


Presidency of James Madison

*1809 – James Madison becomes the fourth President; Vice President Clinton begins second term *1809 – Non-Intercourse Act (March 1)


1810s

*1810 – ''
Fletcher v. Peck ''Fletcher v. Peck'', 10 U.S. (6 Cranch) 87 (1810), was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision in which the Supreme Court first ruled a state law unconstitutional. The decision created a growing precedent for the sanctity of legal contra ...
'' (10 US 87 1810) marks first time U.S. Supreme Court invalidates a state legislative act *1811 –
First Bank of the United States First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1). First or 1st may also refer to: *World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement Arts and media Music * 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and rec ...
charter expires *1812 – Vice President Clinton dies *1812 – War of 1812, an offshoot of the Napoleonic Wars, begins *1812 – Daniel Webster elected to the United States Congress *1812 – Louisiana becomes the 18th state *1812 –
U.S. presidential election, 1812 The 1812 United States presidential election was the seventh quadrennial presidential election. It was held from Friday, October 30, 1812 to Wednesday, December 2, 1812. Taking place in the shadow of the War of 1812, incumbent Democratic-Republi ...
: James Madison reelected president;
Elbridge Gerry Elbridge Gerry (; July 17, 1744 – November 23, 1814) was an American Founding Father, merchant, politician, and diplomat who served as the fifth vice president of the United States under President James Madison from 1813 until his death in 18 ...
elected vice president *1813 – President Madison begins second term; Elbridge Gerry becomes Vice President * 1813-1814 - Creek War *1814 – British troops burn Washington, D.C. but are forced back at
Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was d ...
*1814 – Vice President Gerry dies *1814 – Treaty of Ghent settles War of 1812 *1815 – Battle of New Orleans *1816 – Indiana becomes the 19th state *1816 – Second Bank of the United States chartered *1816 –
U.S. presidential election, 1816 The 1816 United States presidential election was the eighth quadrennial United States presidential election, presidential election. It was held from November 1 to December 4, 1816. In the first election following the end of the War of 1812, Democ ...
: James Monroe elected president,
Daniel D. Tompkins Daniel D. Tompkins (June 21, 1774 – June 11, 1825) was an American politician. He was the fifth governor of New York from 1807 to 1817, and the sixth vice president of the United States from 1817 to 1825. Born in Scarsdale, New York, Tompkins ...
vice president


Presidency of James Monroe

*1817 – James Monroe becomes the fifth President; Daniel D. Tompkins, Vice President *1817 – Rush-Bagot Treaty *1817 –
Harvard Law School Harvard Law School (Harvard Law or HLS) is the law school of Harvard University, a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest continuously operating law school in the United States. Each class ...
founded *1817 – Mississippi becomes the 20th state *1818 – Cumberland Road opened *1818 – Illinois becomes the 21st state *1818 – Jackson Purchase in Kentucky *1819 – Panic of 1819 *1819 – Adams-Onís Treaty, including acquisition of Florida *1819 – ''
McCulloch v. Maryland ''McCulloch v. Maryland'', 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 316 (1819), was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that defined the scope of the U.S. Congress's legislative power and how it relates to the powers of American state legislatures. The dispute in ...
'' (17 US 316 1819) prohibits state laws from infringing upon federal constitutional authority *1819 – ''
Dartmouth College v. Woodward ''Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward'', 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 518 (1819), was a List of landmark court decisions in the United States, landmark decision in United States corporate law from the Supreme Court of the United States, United States ...
'' (17 US 518 1819) protects principle of honoring contracts and charters *1819 – Alabama becomes the 22nd state in the U.S.


See also

* History of the United States (1789–1849) *
Timeline of the American Revolution Timeline of the American Revolution — timeline of the political upheaval culminating in the 18th century in which Thirteen Colonies in North America joined together for independence from the British Empire, and after victory in the Revolutiona ...


Further reading


1790s

* Phillips, James Duncan. ''When Salem sailed the seven seas—in the 1790s''. New York, Newcomen Society of England, American Branch, 1946. * Flexner, James Thomas. "The scope of painting in the 1790s." ''Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography'', January 1950. * Arena, C. Richard. "Philadelphia-Spanish New Orleans trade in the 1790s." ''Louisiana History'', v.2, no.4, 1961. * Allis, Frederick S. ''Government through opposition; party politics in the 1790s''. New York, Macmillan, 1963. * Kuehl, John William. A Federalist journal looks at France : a case study of emerging nationalism in the 1790s (thesis/dissertation). 1964. * Howe, John R., Jr. "Republican Thought and the Political Violence of the 1790s." ''American Quarterly'', Vol. 19, No. 2, Part 1 (Summer, 1967), pp. 147–165. * Shapiro, Eugene Paul. Robert Hunter and the land system of colonial New York : education in Massachusetts in the 1790s : the Middlekauff-Birdsall interpretation reconsidered (thesis/dissertation). 1972. * Sneddon, Leonard James. State politics in the 1790s (thesis/dissertation). 1972. * Fussell, G.E. "An Englishman in America in the 1790s." ''Agricultural History'', Vol. 47, No. 2 (Apr., 1973), pp. 114–118. * Wrenn, James W. The politics of Monticello : psychosocial studies of Thomas Jefferson and the political conflict of the 1790s (thesis/dissertation). 1973. * Arbuckle, Robert D. "John Nicholson and the attempt to promote Pennsylvania industry in the 1790s." ''Pennsylvania History'', Vol. 42, No. 2 (April, 1975), pp. 98–114 * Herndon, G. Melvin. "Agriculture in America in the 1790s: An Englishman's View." ''Agricultural History'', Vol. 49, No. 3 (Jul., 1975), pp. 505–516 * Soltow, Lee. "Socioeconomic Classes in South Carolina and Massachusetts in the 1790s and the Observations of John Drayton." ''South Carolina Historical Magazine'', Vol. 81, No. 4 (Oct., 1980), pp. 283–305. * Hebert. The Pennsylvania French in the 1790s : the story of their survival (thesis/dissertation). 1981. * Formisano, Ronald P. ''The transformation of political culture : Massachusetts parties, 1790s–1840s''. New York : Oxford University Press, 1983. * Appleby, Joyce Oldham. ''Capitalism and a new social order : the Republican vision of the 1790s''. New York : New York University Press, 1984. * Hebert, Catherine A. ''A survey of the French book trade in Philadelphia in the 1790s''. New Kensington, Penn. : Pennsylvania State University, 1985? * Welsh, Frank S. ''30 Washington Street, ca. 1790s, Easton, Maryland : comparative microscopic paint & color analysis of the interior and exterior to determine the nature and color of the original architectural surface coatings''. Bryn Mawr, Pa. : Talbot County Historical Society, 1985 * Hall, John A. "That Onerous Task: Jury Service in South Carolina during the Early 1790s." ''South Carolina Historical Magazine'', Vol. 87, No. 1 (Jan., 1986), pp. 1–13. * Trupiano, Terri. ''Charlton Park cook book : historic recipes 1790s-1930s''. Hasting, Mich. : Charlton Park Village & Museum, 1986? * Ottenberg, June C. "Popularity of Two Operas in Philadelphia in the 1790s ." ''International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music'', Vol. 18, No. 2 (Dec. 1987), pp. 205–216. * Watts, Steven. ''The Republic Reborn: War and the Making of Liberal America, 1790–1820'' (Baltimore, 1987) * Anderson, Wilby F. ''The Andersons family history : first to Ross County, Ohio in late 1790s''. Clearwater, Fla. : W.F. Anderson, 1989. * Worman, Edward A. "The 1790s French Azilum in Pennsylvania." ''Pennsylvania Magazine'', vol. 9, no. 2, April 1989. * Newman, Simon Peter. "Principles and not men" : the political culture of leadership in the 1790s. Philadelphia Center for Early American Studies, 1990. * Branson, Susan. Politics and gender : the political consciousness of Philadelphia women in the 1790s (thesis/dissertation). 1992. * Branson, Susan. The influence of black refugees from St. Domingue on the Philadelphia Community in the 1790s. Paper presented at the 24th Annual Conference of the Association of Caribbean Historians, Nassau, Bahamas, March 29 – April 3, 1992. * Spaeth, Catherine Therese Christians. Purgatory or promised land? : French emigres in Philadelphia and their perceptions of America during the 1790s (thesis/dissertation). 1992. * Taylor, Alan. "The Art of Hook & Snivey": Political Culture in Upstate New York during the 1790s." ''The Journal of American History'', Vol. 79, No. 4 (Mar., 1993), pp. 1371–1396. * Thorn, Jennifer J. Every family a state : achieving human nature in 1790s Anglo-American culture (thesis/dissertation). 1994. * Amberg, Julie Sutherland. Political and sentimental discourse in 1790s America : Judith Sargent Murray's The Gleaner, Hannah Webster Foster's The Coquette, and Susanna Haswell Rowson's Reuben and Rachel; or, Tales of Old Times (thesis/dissertation). 1995. * Kornfeld, Eve. "Encountering "the Other": American Intellectuals and Indians in the 1790s." ''William and Mary Quarterly'', Third Series, Vol. 52, No. 2 (Apr., 1995), pp. 287–314 * Rossignol, Marie-Jeanne. "Early Isolationism Revisited: Neutrality and Beyond in the 1790s." ''Journal of American Studies'', 29 (1995), 2, 215–227. * Haley, Jacquetta M. ''Rockland County in the 1790s''. New City, NY : Historical Society of Rockland County, 1997. * Schoenbachler, Matthew. "Republicanism in the Age of Democratic Revolution: The Democratic-Republican Societies of the 1790s." ''Journal of the Early Republic'', Vol. 18, No. 2 (Summer, 1998), pp. 237–261. * Bowling, Kenneth R. and Donald R. Kennon, eds. ''Neither separate nor equal : Congress in the 1790s''. Athens : Ohio University Press, 2000. * Labelle, Jean. Melancholy convictions : the unsure state of union in the state of Massachusetts from the late 1790s to 1816 (thesis/dissertation). 2000. * Branson, Susan. "Elizabeth Drinker: Quaker Values and Federalist Support in the 1790s." ''Pennsylvania History'', Vol. 68, No. 4, The World of Elizabeth Drinker: Celebrating the Tenth Anniversary of the Publication of Her Diary (Autumn 2001), pp. 465–482 * * Finkelman, Paul. "Suppressing American Slave Traders in the 1790s." ''OAH Magazine of History'', Vol. 18, No. 3, The Atlantic World (Apr., 2004), pp. 51–55. * * Lewis, Paul. "Attaining Masculinity: Charles Brockden Brown and Woman Warriors of the 1790s." ''Early American Literature'', Vol. 40, No. 1 (2005), pp. 37–55 * * * * * Irwin, Douglas A. and Richard Eugene Sylla, eds. ''Founding choices : American economic policy in the 1790s''. Chicago; London : University of Chicago Press, 2011. Papers of the National Bureau of Economic Research conference held at Dartmouth College on May 8–9, 2009.


References


External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Timeline Of United States History (1790-1819)
1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
1790s in the United States 1800s in the United States 1810s in the United States