The following is a timeline of the

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...

of the city of

Bologna Bologna (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language, Emilian, Bulåggna ; lat, Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 400,000 inhabitants and 1 ...

Emilia-Romagna egl, Emigliàn (man) egl, Emiglièna (woman) rgn, Rumagnòl (man) rgn, Rumagnòla (woman) it, Emiliano (man) it, Emiliana (woman) or it, Romagnolo (man) it, Romagnola (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title ...

region,

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

Prior to 18th century

* at least 1000 BCE - First settlement. * 9th C. BCE - Etruscan settlement. * end of the 5th century BCE - Celtic settlement. * 189 BCE - Town becomes a Roman colony. * 3rd C. CE - Catholic diocese of Bologna established. * 6th C. CE - Byzantines in power. * 9th C. CE - Benedictine monastery active in Santo Stefano. * 902 - Town sacked by Hungarian forces. * 1088 - University established. * 1109 -

Torre Asinelli The Two Towers ( it, Le due torri), both of them leaning, are the symbol of Bologna, Italy, and the most prominent of the Towers of Bologna. They are located at the intersection of the roads that lead to the five gates of the old ring wall (''mu ...

(tower) built. * 1110 - Torre Garisenda (tower) built. * 1112 - Bologna becomes a free town. * 1167 - City joins Lombard League. * 1184 -

Bologna Cathedral Bologna Cathedral ( it, Cattedrale Metropolitana di San Pietro, ''Cattedrale di Bologna''), dedicated to Saint Peter, is the cathedral of Bologna in Italy, and the seat and the metropolitan cathedral of the Archbishop of Bologna. Most of the pres ...

consecrated by

Pope Lucius III Pope Lucius III (c. 1097 – 25 November 1185), born Ubaldo Allucingoli, reigned from 1 September 1181 to his death in 1185. Born of an aristocratic family of Lucca, prior to being elected pope, he had a long career as a papal diplomat. His pa ...

. * 1200 - Palazzo del Podestà built (approximate date). * 1206 - Inner city fortifications. * 1245 - Palatium Novum &

Palazzo d'Accursio 260px, Palazzo d'Accursio. Palazzo d'Accursio (or Palazzo Comunale) is a palace once formulated to house major administrative offices of the city of Bologna, region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy. It is located on the Piazza Maggiore, and is the city's ...

built. * 1249 -

Enzio of Sardinia Enzo (or Enzio; 14 March 1272) was an illegitimate son of the Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick II, who appointed him 'King of Sardinia' in 1238. He played a major role in the wars between Guelphs and Ghibellines in the Imperial kingdom of Italy, an ...

imprisoned in the Palatium Novum. * 1252 -

Basilica of San Domenico The Basilica of San Domenico is one of the major churches in Bologna, Italy. The remains of Saint Dominic, founder of the Order of Preachers ( Dominicans), are buried inside the exquisite shrine Arca di San Domenico, made by Nicola Pisano and hi ...

dedicated. * 1263 - Church of San Francesco built. * 1293 - Paper mill established. (timeline) * 1337 - Taddeo de Pepoli in power. * 1348 - Black Death epidemic. * 1351 - Giovanni Visconti of Milan in power. * 1356 - Public clock installed. * 1364 -

Collegio di Spagna The Collegio di Spagna (Royal Spanish College or Royal College of Spain in Bologna) (officially ''Real Colegio Mayor de San Clemente de los Españoles'') is a college for Spanish students at the University of Bologna, Italy, which has been functi ...

founded. * 1390 -

San Petronio Basilica The Basilica of San Petronio is a minor basilica and church of the Archdiocese of Bologna located in Bologna, Emilia Romagna, northern Italy. It dominates Piazza Maggiore. The basilica is dedicated to the patron saint of the city, Saint Petronius ...

construction begins. * 1401 - Giovanni Bentivoglio in power. * 1436 - founded. * 1438 -

Bentivoglio family The Bentivoglio family ( Latin: ''Bentivoius'') was an Italian noble family that became the ''de facto'' rulers of Bologna and responsible for giving the city its political autonomy during the Renaissance, although their rule did not survive a c ...

in power again. * 1444 - Clock tower built in the Palazzo Comunale. * 1471 -

Printing press A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. It marked a dramatic improvement on earlier printing methods in which the ...

in operation. * 1477 - Ptolemy's illustrated ''

Geography Geography (from Greek: , ''geographia''. Combination of Greek words ‘Geo’ (The Earth) and ‘Graphien’ (to describe), literally "earth description") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, an ...

'' published. * 1506 - Bologna annexed to the

Papal States The Papal States ( ; it, Stato Pontificio, ), officially the State of the Church ( it, Stato della Chiesa, ; la, Status Ecclesiasticus;), were a series of territories in the Italian Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the pope fro ...

from the

. * 1511 - French in power. * 1530 - Coronation of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. * 1563 -

Archiginnasio The Archiginnasio of Bologna is one of the most important buildings in the city of Bologna; once the main building of the University of Bologna, it currently houses the Archiginnasio Municipal Library and the Anatomical Theatre. In the heart of ...

built. * 1567 - Fountain of Neptune installed. * 1568 - Orto Botanico (garden) established. * 1582 **

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bologna The Archdiocese of Bologna is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Northern Italy. The cathedra is in the cathedral church of San Pietro, Bologna. The current archbishop is Cardinal Matteo Zuppi, ...

established. **

Accademia dei Carracci The Accademia degli Incamminati (Italian for "Academy of Those who are Making Progress" or "Academy of the Journeying") was one of the first art academies in Italy, founded in 1582 in Bologna. It was founded as the Accademia dei Desiderosi ("Acad ...

(art school) founded. * 1603 - Palazzo Caprara built. * 1615 - Accademia dei Floridi founded. * 1642 - The

gazette A gazette is an official journal, a newspaper of record, or simply a newspaper. In English and French speaking countries, newspaper publishers have applied the name ''Gazette'' since the 17th century; today, numerous weekly and daily newspaper ...

named ''

'' was published for the first time * 1651 - Teatro Malvezzi built. * 1653 -

Marcello Malpighi Marcello Malpighi (10 March 1628 – 30 November 1694) was an Italian biologist and physician, who is referred to as the "Founder of microscopical anatomy, histology & Father of physiology and embryology". Malpighi's name is borne by several ph ...

, biologist and physician, granted doctorates at

University of Bologna The University of Bologna ( it, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, UNIBO) is a public research university in Bologna, Italy. Founded in 1088 by an organised guild of students (''studiorum''), it is the oldest university in continu ...

. * 1666 -

Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna The Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna ("philharmonic academy of Bologna"; sometimes known in English as the Bologna Academy of Music) is a music education institution in Bologna, Italy. The Accademia de' Filarmonici was founded as an associ ...

founded. * 1675 - Birth of Prospero Lambertini, later

Pope Benedict XIV Pope Benedict XIV ( la, Benedictus XIV; it, Benedetto XIV; 31 March 1675 – 3 May 1758), born Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 17 August 1740 to his death in May 1758. Pope Be ...

18th-19th centuries

* 1712 - Painting academy founded. * 1714 **

Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna The Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna (''Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna'') is an academic society in Bologna, Italy, that was founded in 1690 and prospered in the Age of Enlightenment. Today it is closely associated ...

established. ** Observatory built. * 1737 - Birth of Luigi Galvani a pioneer of

bioelectromagnetics Bioelectromagnetics, also known as bioelectromagnetism, is the study of the interaction between electromagnetic fields and biological entities. Areas of study include electromagnetic fields produced by living cells, tissues or organisms, th ...

. * 1763 - Teatro Comunale built. * 1789 -

Galvani Luigi Galvani (, also ; ; la, Aloysius Galvanus; 9 September 1737 – 4 December 1798) was an Italian physician, physicist, biologist and philosopher, who studied animal electricity. In 1780, he discovered that the muscles of dead frogs' legs ...

conducts bioelectricity experiments. * 1796 - City becomes part of the French

Cisalpine Republic The Cisalpine Republic ( it, Repubblica Cisalpina) was a sister republic of France in Northern Italy that existed from 1797 to 1799, with a second version until 1802. Creation After the Battle of Lodi in May 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte organiz ...

. * 1801 - Biblioteca Comunale (library) opens. * 1805 - Teatro del Corso opens. * 1814 ** City occupied by Austrians. ** Teatro Contavalli established. * 1831 - 4 February: "Insurrection." * 1833 - Young Italy Party unrest. * 1859 - June: "Insurrection." * 1860 ** Bologna becomes part of the

Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and f ...

. ** ''Gazzetta dell'Emilia'' newspaper begins publication. * 1871 - Population: 115,957. * 1874 - Archivio di Stato di Bologna (

state archives State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

) established. * 1897 - Population: 153,206. * 1899 - ''Avanti savoia!'' newspaper begins publication.

20th century

* 1901 - Population: 102,122 town; 153,501 commune. * 1909 ** 5 February: Marinetti's ''

Manifesto of Futurism The ''Manifesto of Futurism'' (Italian language, Italian: ''Manifesto del Futurismo'') is a manifesto written by the Italians, Italian poetry, poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti and published in 1909. Marinetti expresses an artistic philosophy called ...

'' published in ''Gazzetta dell'Emilia''. ** Bologna F. C. 1909 football club founded. * 1914 - Maserati automaker in business. * 1926 - Cinema opens. * 1944 - Aerial bombing. * 1945 - April:

Battle of Bologna The Battle of Bologna was fought in Bologna, Italy from 9–21 April 1945 during the Second World War, as part of the Spring 1945 offensive in Italy. The Allied forces were victorious, with the Polish II Corps and supporting Allied units capturi ...

; Allied forces take city. * 1950 - Population: 226,771. * 1963 -

Cineteca di Bologna The Cineteca di Bologna is a film archive in Bologna, Italy. It was founded on 18 May 1962. Since 1989, it has been a member of the Fédération internationale des archives du film (FIAF). It has been a member of the Association des cinémath ...

founded. * 1974 - headquartered in Bologna. * 1977 - (student protest). * 1980 - 2 August: Train station bombing. * 1985 - opens.

21st century

* 2002 - Associazione Home Movies

film archive An archive is an accumulation of Historical document, historical records or Historical source, materials – in any medium – or the physical facility in which they are located. Archives contain primary source documents that have accumula ...

founded. * 2003 -

Sister city A sister city or a twin town relationship is a form of legal or social agreement between two geographically and politically distinct localities for the purpose of promoting cultural and commercial ties. While there are early examples of inter ...

relationship established with

Portland, Oregon Portland (, ) is a port city in the Pacific Northwest and the list of cities in Oregon, largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon. Situated at the confluence of the Willamette River, Willamette and Columbia River, Columbia rivers, Portland is ...

, USA. * 2011 - Virginio Merola becomes mayor. * 2013 - Population: 380,635. * 2016 - May: Bologna municipal election, 2016 held.

References

''This article incorporates information from the

Italian Wikipedia The Italian Wikipedia ( it, Wikipedia in italiano) is the Italian-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was created on May 11, 2001 and first edited on June 11, 2001. As of , , it has articles and more than registered accounts. It is t ...

.''

Bibliography

in English

* * * * * * * * * * * * Grieco, Romy. ''Bologna: a city to discover''(1976). * * * *

in other languages

* * . (List of newspapers in Bologna) * * * * Brunella Dalla Casa and Alberto Preti, eds. Bologna in guerra, 1940-1945 (Milan: Angeli, 1995) * Gastone Mazzanti. Obiettivo Bologna (Bologna: Costa, 2006 – 1st ed. 2001). (About World War II) * G. Sassatelli, A. Donati, Storia di Bologna, Vol. 1 - Bologna nell'antichità, Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2005, . * O. Capitani, Storia di Bologna, Vol. 2 - Bologna nel Medioevo, Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2007, . * A. Prosperi, Storia di Bologna, Vol. 3 - Bologna nell'età moderna. Cultura, istituzioni culturali, Chiesa e vita religiosa, Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2009, . * A. Berselli, A. Varni, Storia di Bologna, Vol. 4 - Bologna in età contemporanea. 1796–1914, Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2010, .

External links

* Europeana
Items related to Bologna
various dates. {{Use dmy dates, date=March 2017 History of Bologna

Years in Italy