The following is a

timeline A timeline is a display of a list of events in chronological order. It is typically a graphic design showing a long bar labelled with dates paralleling it, and usually contemporaneous events. Timelines can use any suitable scale representi ...

of the

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...

of the

city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

Asmara Asmara ( ), or Asmera, is the capital and most populous city of Eritrea, in the country's Central Region. It sits at an elevation of , making it the sixth highest capital in the world by altitude and the second highest capital in Africa. The ...

Eritrea Eritrea ( ; ti, ኤርትራ, Ertra, ; ar, إرتريا, ʾIritriyā), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopia ...

. Asmara was under Italian colonial rule from 1889 until 1941.

Prior to 20th century

* circa 1515 CE - Four villages merge to become "Asmera" (traditional date). * 16th century - Asmara sacked by Muslim forces. * 1889 - 3 August: Asmara occupied by Italian forces under command of Baldissera. * 1895 - Governor's Palace built. * 1900 - Capital of colonial

Italian Eritrea Italian Eritrea ( it, Colonia Eritrea, "Colony of Eritrea") was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in the territory of present-day Eritrea. The first Italian establishment in the area was the purchase of Assab by the Rubattino Shipping Company in ...

moved to Asmara from

Massawa Massawa ( ; ti, ምጽዋዕ, məṣṣəwaʿ; gez, ምጽዋ; ar, مصوع; it, Massaua; pt, Maçuá) is a port city in the Northern Red Sea region of Eritrea, located on the Red Sea at the northern end of the Gulf of Zula beside the Dahlak ...

20th century

* 1905 - Congresso Coloniale Italiano held in Asmara. * 1906 -

Asmara Synagogue The Asmara Synagogue ( ti, ምኩራብ ኣስመራ, he, בית הכנסת של אסמרה, ar, معبد أسمرا) is the only surviving remnant of the Jewish community in Eritrea. Built in 1906, includes a Jewish cemetery, classrooms, and a ...

built. * 1911 - Ferrovia Massaua-Asmara begins operating; opens. * 1920 ** Teatro Asmara (theatre) opens. ** Population: 14,711. * 1922 -

Airport An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport. Airports usually consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface ...

begins operating. * 1923 - Church of Our Lady of the Rosary built. * 1930s - New Governor's Palace built (now

City Hall In local government, a city hall, town hall, civic centre (in the UK or Australia), guildhall, or a municipal building (in the Philippines), is the chief administrative building of a city, town, or other municipality. It usually houses ...

). * 1935 - Population: 16,000 (12,000 Africans + 4,000 Italians). * 1936 - Apartheid begins; city racially divided into nazionali (white) and indigeni (black) areas. * 1937 **

Asmara-Massawa Cableway The Asmara-Massawa Cableway was a cableway (or "ropeway") built in Italian Eritrea before World War II.The Eritrean Ropeway, completed in 1937, ran 71.8 km from the south end of Asmara to the city-port of Massawa. History The cableway was built ...

begins operating. ** Albergo CIAAO (hotel) built for the Compagnia Immobiliare Alberghi Africa Orientale. ** Cinema Excelsior and Cinema Teatro Augustus open. * 1938 **

Great Mosque of Asmara The Great Mosque of Asmara; alternately known as Al Kulafah Al Rashidan, Al Kulafah Al Rashidin, Al Kuaka Al Rashidin or Al Khulafa Al Rashiudin; ar, جَـامِـع الْـخُـلَـفَـاء الـرَّاشِـدِيْـن, Jāmi‘ al-K ...

Cicero Stadium Cicero Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Asmara, Eritrea. The stadium was designed by Malaysian architect, Michael KC Cheah, who went onto consult on the construction of Oman's Royal Oman Police Stadium. With a capacity of 6,000, it is current ...

, and

Fiat Tagliero Building The Fiat Tagliero Building is a Futurist-style service station in Asmara, Eritrea. It was completed in 1938 and designed by the Italian engineer Giuseppe Pettazzi. Historical background The Fiat Tagliero is noted as one of the foremost Art De ...

constructed. **

Cinema Impero The Cinema Impero ( "Empire Cinema") is an Art Deco-style cinema in Asmara, the capital of Eritrea. It was built in 1937 by the colonial authorities in Italian Eritrea. History ''Cinema Impero'' was the largest movie theater constructed in As ...

opens. * 1939 **

Asmara Brewery Asmara Brewery (formerly, Melotti Brewery) is a brewery in Eritrea, founded in 1938. The brewery was nationalized by the Derg during the Eritrean War of Independence. The brewery operates a football team, which plays in the Eritrean Premier Leag ...

in business. ** Population: 84,000 (36,000 Africans + 48,000 Italians). * 1941 ** March. British occupy city. ** Asmara Brewery FC (football club) formed. * 1945 -

Red Sea FC Red Sea Football Club is an Eritrean football club based in Asmara. With 13 league titles they are the most successful club in the country. History Red Sea FC was founded in 1945. After the 2011 Kagame Interclub Cup in Tanzania, thirteen member ...

(football club) formed. * 1951 - British occupation ends. * 1952 - City becomes part of Ethiopia per United Nations decision. * 1953 - United States military signals intelligence

Kagnew Station Kagnew Station was a United States Army installation in Asmara, Eritrea on the Horn of Africa. The installation was established in 1943 as a U.S. Army radio station, taking over and refurbishing a pre-existing Italian naval radio station, '' Radi ...

in operation. * 1957 - (school) active. * 1958 ** Catholic College of the Santa Famiglia founded. ** Denden Stadium opens. * 1959 - Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Asmara active. * 1962 - Population: 120,000. * 1964 - Population: 131,800. * 1968 ** January: Part of

1968 African Cup of Nations The 1968 African Cup of Nations was the sixth edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the soccer championship of Africa ( CAF). It was hosted by Ethiopia. The field expanded to eight teams, split into two groups of four; the top two teams in each gr ...

football contest held in Asmara. **

University of Asmara The University of Asmara (UoA) was a public university in Asmara, Eritrea. The nation's first university, it was founded in 1958 by the "Piae Madres Nigritiae" ( Comboni Sisters). The school was meant to provide for the local population, though ...

active. * 1969 - Kidane Mehret Cathedral built. * 1974 ** Coordinating Committee of the Armed Forces, Police, and Territorial Army (Derg) in power. ** 28 December:

Massacre A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when per ...

occurs during the

Eritrean War of Independence The Eritrean War of Independence was a war for independence which Eritrean independence fighters waged against successive Ethiopian governments from 1 September 1961 to 24 May 1991. Eritrea was an Italian colony from the 1880s until the d ...

. * 1975 ** February: Fighting,

occurs. ** July: Fighting occurs. * 1985 - Population: 284,748 (estimate). * 1990 ** Siege of city begins. ** Population: 358,100 (estimate). * 1991 ** 24 May: Eritrean People's Liberation Front take city; Derg rule ends. ** '

newspaper A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports a ...

begins publication. * 1993 ** 24 May: Asmara becomes capital of independent Eritrea. **

Eri-TV Eri-TV (acronym for Eritrean Television) is an Eritrean state-owned television network. Headquartered in the nation's capital Asmara, it broadcasts 24 hours a day. The station offers around-the-clock news bulletins, talk shows, and propaganda pro ...

begins broadcasting. * 1998 - 5 June: Airport bombed by Ethiopian forces during the Eritrean–Ethiopian War.

21st century

* 2002 -

Semere Russom Semere Russom (born July 27, 1943) began his professional life as a teacher. He traveled to the United States as a student at the University of Oklahoma, but terminated his studies in 1976 to serve in the Eritrean People's Liberation Front. After ...

becomes mayor of Asmara and

administrator Administrator or admin may refer to: Job roles Computing and internet * Database administrator, a person who is responsible for the environmental aspects of a database * Forum administrator, one who oversees discussions on an Internet forum * N ...

of the Central Region. * 2013 - 21 January:

2013 Eritrean Army mutiny The 2013 Eritrean Army mutiny was mounted on 21 January 2013, when around 100-200 soldiers of the Eritrean Army in the capital city, Asmara seized the headquarters of the state broadcaster, EriTV, and allegedly broadcast a message demanding refor ...

occurs at

building. * 2017 - Italian city centre designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site. * 2018 - Population: 501,203 (estimate). * 2020 - Rocket attacks.

References

:''This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia.''

Bibliography

* * * * * * * * * * ISSN 2038-0925. * *

External links

* (Bibliography of

open access Open access (OA) is a set of principles and a range of practices through which research outputs are distributed online, free of access charges or other barriers. With open access strictly defined (according to the 2001 definition), or libre op ...

articles) * (Bibliography) * * (Bibliography) * (Images, etc.) * (Images, etc.) {{Timelines of cities in Africa