Theridiosomatidae
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The ray spiders (Theridiosomatidae) are a family of
spider Spiders ( order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species ...
s first described by Eugène Simon in 1881. They are most recognizable for their construction of cone-shaped webs. The family contains several genera which actively hunt for prey by using their webs to slingshot themselves towards prey.


Genera

, the
World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...
accepts the following genera: *'' Andasta'' Simon, 1895 – Seychelles, Malaysia, Sri Lanka *'' Baalzebub'' Coddington, 1986 – Central America, Brazil, Australia, China *'' Chthonopes'' Wunderlich, 2011 – Laos *'' Chthonos'' Coddington, 1986 – Ecuador, Brazil, Peru *'' Coddingtonia'' Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009 – Malaysia, Laos *'' Cuacuba'' Prete, Cizauskas & Brescovit, 2018 *'' Epeirotypus'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894 – Mexico, Costa Rica *'' Epilineutes'' Coddington, 1986 – Mexico, Brazil *'' Karstia'' Chen, 2010 – China *'' Menglunia'' Zhao & Li, 2012 – China *'' Naatlo'' Coddington, 1986 – Central America, South America, Trinidad and Tobago *'' Ogulnius'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 – South America, Caribbean, Panama, Asia *'' Parogulnius'' Archer, 1953 – United States *''
Plato Plato ( ; grc-gre, Πλάτων ; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a Greek philosopher born in Athens during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. He founded the Platonist school of thought and the Academy, the first institution ...
'' Coddington, 1986 – South America, Trinidad *'' Sinoalaria'' Zhao & Li, 2014 – China *'' Tagalogonia'' Labarque & Griswold, 2014 – Philippines *'' Theridiosoma'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879 – South America, Africa, Oceania, North America, Asia, Central America, Jamaica *'' Wendilgarda'' Keyserling, 1886 – Asia, São Tomé and Príncipe, Central America, Brazil, Mexico, Caribbean *'' Zoma'' Saaristo, 1996 – China, Seychelles


Fossil species

* †''Eoepeirotypus'' Wunderlich 2004
Baltic amber The Baltic region is home to the largest known deposit of amber, called Baltic amber or succinite. It was produced sometime during the Eocene epoch, but exactly when is controversial. It has been estimated that these forests created more than ...
,
Eocene The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes from the Ancient Greek (''ēṓs'', " ...
* †''Eotheridiosoma'' Wunderlich 2004
Bitterfeld amber The Baltic region is home to the largest known deposit of amber, called Baltic amber or succinite. It was produced sometime during the Eocene epoch, but exactly when is controversial. It has been estimated that these forests created more than ...
, Baltic amber, Eocene * †''Palaeoepeirotypus'' Wunderlich 1988
Dominican amber Dominican amber is amber from the Dominican Republic derived from resin of the extinct tree '' Hymenaea protera''. Dominican amber differentiates itself from Baltic amber by being nearly always transparent, and it has a higher number of fossil inc ...
,
Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...
* †''Umerosoma'' Wunderlich 2004 Baltic amber, Eocene * †"''Baalzebub''" ''mesozoicum'' -
Vendée amber Vendée (; br, Vande) is a department in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France, on the Atlantic coast. In 2019, it had a population of 685,442.
, France,
Turonian The Turonian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, the second age in the Late Cretaceous Epoch, or a stage in the Upper Cretaceous Series. It spans the time between 93.9 ± 0.8 Ma and 89.8 ± 1 Ma (million years ago). The Turonian is preceded b ...
later considered to be stem-theridiosomatid


See also

* List of Theridiosomatidae species


References


External links

Spiders of South America Theridiosomatidae {{Theridiosomatidae-stub