The ''Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report'' was first published in 2007 by the

World Economic Forum The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international non-governmental and lobbying organisation based in Cologny, canton of Geneva, Switzerland. It was founded on 24 January 1971 by German engineer and economist Klaus Schwab. The foundation, ...

(WEF). The 2007 report covered 124 major and emerging economies. The 2008 report covered 130 countries, the 2009 report expanded to 133 countries, and the 2011 report to 139 countries. The index is a measurement of the factors that make it attractive to develop business in the travel and tourism industry of individual countries, rather than a measure of a country attractiveness as a tourist destination. The report ranks selected nations according to the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), which scores from 1 to 6 the performance of a given country in each specific subindex. The overall index is made of three main subindexes: (1) regulatory framework; (2) business environment and infrastructure; and (3) human, cultural, and natural resources. The Report also includes a specific Country Profile for each of the nations evaluated, with each of the scores received to estimate its TTCI, and complementary information regarding key economic indicators from the

World Bank The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the Inte ...

, and country indicators from the

World Tourism Organization The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is the United Nations specialized agency entrusted with the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism. Its headquarters are in Madrid, Spain. UNWTO is the leading internati ...

and the

World Travel and Tourism Council The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) is a forum for the travel and tourism industry. It is made up of members from the global business community and works with governments to raise awareness about the travel and tourism industry. It is know ...

. The last Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report was published in 2019. From the 2021 report, WEF publishes the Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) as an evolution of the TTCI.

Variables

For the 2008 index, each of the three main subindexes is made of the scoring of the following 14 variables, called pillars in the TTC Report. Several changes were introduced in the 2008 TTCI in the definition of the variables as compared to the definitions of the 2007 TTCI. First, the “

environmental regulation Environmental law is a collective term encompassing aspects of the law that provide protection to the environment. A related but distinct set of regulatory regimes, now strongly influenced by environmental legal principles, focus on the manage ...

” pillar was improved with help from the IUCN and the

UNWTO The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is the United Nations specialized agency entrusted with the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism. Its headquarters are in Madrid, Spain. UNWTO is the leading internat ...

, and for the 2008 index was renamed the “

environmental sustainability Specific definitions of sustainability are difficult to agree on and have varied in the literature and over time. The concept of sustainability can be used to guide decisions at the global, national, and individual levels (e.g. sustainable livin ...

” pillar to “''better reflect its components and to capture the increasingly recognized importance of sustainability in the sector’s development''.” Second, the original pillar “natural and cultural resources” was divided into two separate subcomponents: “

natural resources Natural resources are resources that are drawn from nature and used with few modifications. This includes the sources of valued characteristics such as commercial and industrial use, aesthetic value, scientific interest and cultural value. ...

” and “cultural resources”, thus, allowing to differentiate those countries which do not necessarily have the same strengths or weaknesses in these two different resources. In general, the model was improved with better data and new concepts were introduced. The 2009 and 2011 reports kept the same 14 variables.

2021 Ranking

Top 30 Countries

2019 Ranking

Top 30 Countries

2017 Ranking

Top 30 Countries

2015 Ranking

Top 30 Countries

2013 Ranking

Top 30 Countries

2011 Ranking

Top 30 Countries

Top 10 Ranking by Continent

The number in parentheses in the

continent A continent is any of several large landmasses. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven geographical regions In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas t ...

ranking corresponds to the position in the world's ranking for the overall index for 2011.

Top 10 Middle East

# 4.78 (30) # 4.47 (40) # 4.45 (42) # 4.41 (46) # 4.18 (61) # 4.17 (62) # 4.14 (64) # 4.03 (70)

Top 10 Americas

# 5.30 (6) # 5.29 (9) # 4.84 (28) # 4.43 (43) # 4.43 (44) # 4.42 (45) # 4.36 (52) # 4.30 (56) # 4.27 (57) # 4.24 (58)

Top 10 Asia Pacific

# 5.23 (10) # 5.19 (12) # 5.15 (13) # 5.00 (19) # 4.94 (22) # 4.71 (32) # 4.59 (35) # 4.56 (37) # 4.47 (39) # 4.47 (41)

Top 10 Sub-Saharan Africa

# 4.35 (53) # 4.11 (66) # 3.84 (84) # 3.77 (89) # 3.74 (91) # 3.70 (92) # 3.54 (102) # 3.51 (103) # 3.49 (104) # 3.44 (108)

Top 10 Europe

# 5.68 (1) # 5.50 (2) # 5.41 (3) # 5.41 (4) # 5.34 (5) # 5.30 (7) # 5.29 (8) # 5.19 (11) # 5.13 (14) # 5.08 (15)

2009 Ranking

Top 20 Countries

Top 10 Ranking by Continent

The number in parentheses in the

ranking corresponds to the position in the world's ranking for the overall index for 2009.

Top 10 Middle East and Africa

# 4.57 (33) # 4.50 (36) # 4.49 (37) # 4.43 (40) # 4.42 (41) # 4.37 (44) # 4.25 (54) # 4.10 (61) # 4.09 (64) # 4.01 (68)

Top 10 Americas

# 5.32 (5) # 5.28 (8) # 4.77 (30) # 4.42 (42) # 4.35 (45) # 4.29 (51) # 4.27 (53) # 4.23 (55) # 4.18 (57) # 4.13 (60)

Top 10 Asia Pacific

# 5.24 (9) # 5.24 (10) # 5.18 (12) # 4.94 (20) # 4.91 (25) # 4.72 (31) # 4.71 (32) # 4.45 (39) # 4.40 (43) # 4.33 (47)

Top 10 Europe

# 5.68 (1) # 5.46 (2) # 5.41 (3) # 5.34 (4) # 5.29 (6) # 5.28 (7) # 5.22 (11) # 5.09 (13) # 5.08 (14) # 5.07 (15)

2008 Ranking

Top 20 Countries

Top 10 Ranking by Continent

The number in parentheses in the

ranking corresponds to the position in the world's ranking for the overall index in 2008.

Top 10 Africa

# 4.41 (39) # 4.38 (41) # 4.11 (60) # 3.96 (66) # 3.91 (67) # 3.67 (84) # 3.65 (87) # 3.65 (88) # 3.59 (93) # 3.53 (101)

Top 10 Americas

# 5.28 (7) # 5.26 (9) # 4.77 (29) # 4.35 (44) # 4.34 (46) # 4.29 (49) # 4.29 (50) # 4.27 (51) # 4.18 (55) # 4.18 (57)

Top 10 Asia

# 5.09 (14) # 5.06 (16) # 4.90 (23) # 4.68 (31) # 4.63 (32) # 4.51 (35) # 4.44 (37) # 4.39 (40) # 4.37 (42) # 4.29 (48)

Top 10 Europe

# 5.63 (1) # 5.43 (2) # 5.41 (3) # 5.30 (5) # 5.28 (6) # 5.27 (8) # 5.23 (10) # 5.16 (11) # 5.11 (12) # 5.10 (13)

Top 2 Oceania

# 5.34 (4) # 4.96 (19)

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Travel And Tourism Competitiveness Report Tourism-related lists International rankings