''The Mistaken Husband'' is a Restoration comedy in the canon of

John Dryden '' John Dryden (; – ) was an English poet, literary critic, translator, and playwright who in 1668 was appointed England's first Poet Laureate. He is seen as dominating the literary life of Restoration England to such a point that the per ...

's dramatic works, where it has constituted a long-standing authorship problem.

Performance and publication

The play was first produced on stage by the

King's Company The King's Company was one of two enterprises granted the rights to mount theatrical productions in London, after the London theatre closure had been lifted at the start of the English Restoration. It existed from 1660 to 1682, when it merged wit ...

at the

Theatre Royal, Drury Lane The Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, commonly known as Drury Lane, is a West End theatre and Grade I listed building in Covent Garden, London, England. The building faces Catherine Street (earlier named Bridges or Brydges Street) and backs onto Dr ...

in 1674, and was first published in a 1675

quarto Quarto (abbreviated Qto, 4to or 4º) is the format of a book or pamphlet produced from full sheets printed with eight pages of text, four to a side, then folded twice to produce four leaves. The leaves are then trimmed along the folds to produc ...

issued by the booksellers James Magnes and Richard Bentley. The publishers credited the play's authorship to an anonymous "Person of Quality." In a Preface to the play, Bentley wrote that Dryden had had the anonymous play in his possession for many years; and "finding a Scene wanting he supply'd it" before turning it over to the actors of the King's Company. Bentley's statement may not be literally precise, and may mean that Dryden gave the anonymous original a light revision of some extent. Dryden, however, responded negatively to this publication. In a note included in the first edition of his ''King Arthur'' (1691), Dryden complained about having been "imposed on by the booksellers foisting in a play which is not mine," and added a list of the plays and poems he'd written and published to that date.

Authorship

The question of the identity of the play's original author remains open. Alfred Harbage argued, on the basis of internal evidence of plotting, style, and subject matter, that both ''The Mistaken Husband'' and another problematical Dryden work, ''

The Wild Gallant ''The Wild Gallant'' is a Restoration comedy written by John Dryden. It was Dryden's earliest play, and written in prose, except for the prologue, and the epilogue, which are in verse. It was premiered on the stage by the King's Company at their ...

'', were based on otherwise-unknown plays by

Richard Brome Richard Brome ; (c. 1590? – 24 September 1652) was an English dramatist of the Caroline era. Life Virtually nothing is known about Brome's private life. Repeated allusions in contemporary works, like Ben Jonson's '' Bartholomew Fair'', in ...

. Harbage asserts that the sexual scandal in ''The Mistaken Husband'' is typical of Brome's drama; he notes that Brome's ''

The Northern Lass ''The Northern Lass'' is a Caroline era stage play, a comedy by Richard Brome that premiered onstage in 1629 and was first printed in 1632. A popular hit with its audience, and one of his earliest successes, the play provided a foundation for Bro ...

'' and ''The Mistaken Husband'' feature marriages dissolving on the basis on non-consummation; and he argues that "The frequent parenthetical constructions, the abrupt and often purposeless alternation of prose with blank verse...and, above all, the diction, the turn of phrase, the general atmosphere" in ''The Mistaken Husband'' all point to Brome. Harbage's argument is plausible, though by no means certain. One Brome scholar has complained that "there is too little evidence to sustain" the case.Metthew Steggle, ''Richard Brome: Place and Politics on the Caroline Stage'', Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2004; p. 191. Alexander Brome has also been suggested as a possible original author of ''The Mistaken Husband''.

Synopsis

The plot of the play is based on the '' Amphytrion'' of

Plautus Titus Maccius Plautus (; c. 254 – 184 BC), commonly known as Plautus, was a Roman playwright of the Old Latin period. His comedies are the earliest Latin literary works to have survived in their entirety. He wrote Palliata comoedia, the ...

. In ''The Mistaken Husband'' the Senex iratus is Learcut, a wealthy and ruthless cheesemonger. He was resentful of his son-in-law Manley, a fortuneless younger brother who had eloped with Learcut's daughter. The old man refused to provide Manley with the young woman's dowry (worth £8000), and persecuted him with lawsuits until Manley was forced to flee abroad to avoid debtors' prison, before he and his wife had even consummated their marriage. Nine years after these events, Manley tells his tale to Hazard, a clever but conniving gentleman (the play's ''Dramatis personae'' terms him "a cunning shifting fellow"). Hazard decides to impersonate Manley and return to England in his place. (Hazard bears a strong resemblance to Manley, and even inflicts a scar on himself to strengthen that resemblance.) He manages to convince Learcut, and halfway convince Mrs. Manley, that he is the real Manley; he wins Learcut's approval by claiming that a rich uncle has left him his fortune, and consummates the marriage in Manley's stead after a nine-year delay. Hazard then steals Learcut's gems and plate, and prepares to flee to America with the loot and Manley's wife. (Hazard is ruthlessly prepared to share the woman with his co-conspirator Underwit.) Hazard's schemes grow more extreme: he robs Learcut of an additional £1000, has Underwit imprison the old cheesemonger, and tells Mrs. Manley that her father has drowned. The real Manley returns in time to prevent Hazard's final triumph; Hazard expresses his regret that he did not poison Manley to forestall this possibility. Yet Hazard boldly maintains his identity as Manley, even to Manley's face — though Mrs. Manley faints upon realising her error. Hazard and Underwit manage to get Manley arrested as a highwayman. Mrs. Manley tells Hazard that though she has fallen in love with him, she cannot live with him in sin; she attempts suicide. Hazard visits Manley in prison, telling him (truly) that Learcut is still alive and (falsely) that Mrs. Manley is still a virgin. Hazard offers to re-instate Manley in his own identity, which he says was his original plan. Manley strongly suspects that Hazard has had sex with his wife, but has little choice in accepting Hazard's offer. The three meet with Learcut at Learcut's home; Hazard says that he wants only to be allowed the occasional visit. Mrs. Manley favours this — which makes Manley suspect ever more strongly that he's been cuckolded. The surprise resolution of this untenable situation is that Underwit is revealed as Learcut's long-lost son. He offers Manley the withheld dowry, if Manley departs. The marriage is legally void, since Manley has abandoned his wife for more than seven years; and he is ready to leave the "Skittish Jade, and have money to boot." Learcut offers his daughter's hand to Hazard, and Hazard is taken with her enough to accept, thus making an "honest woman" of her. He also vows to abandon his "wild follies and debaucheries" for a settled and normal life.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mistaken Husband, The Restoration comedy Plays by John Dryden 1674 plays category:Plays set in the 17th century