The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Old Constitution
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The Church of the United Brethren in Christ is an evangelical
Christian denomination A Christian denomination is a distinct religious body within Christianity that comprises all church congregations of the same kind, identifiable by traits such as a name, particular history, organization, leadership, theological doctrine, worsh ...
with churches in 17 countries. It is Protestant, with an
episcopal Episcopal may refer to: *Of or relating to a bishop, an overseer in the Christian church *Episcopate, the see of a bishop – a diocese *Episcopal Church (disambiguation), any church with "Episcopal" in its name ** Episcopal Church (United State ...
structure and
Arminian Arminianism is a branch of Protestantism based on the theological ideas of the Dutch Reformed theologian Jacobus Arminius (1560–1609) and his historic supporters known as Remonstrants. Dutch Arminianism was originally articulated in the ''Re ...
theology, with roots in the Mennonite and German
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communities of 18th-century Pennsylvania, as well as close ties to Methodism. It was organized in 1800 by Martin Boehm and
Philip William Otterbein Philip William Otterbein (June 3, 1726 – November 17, 1813) was an American clergyman. He was the founder of the United Brethren in Christ, which merged with the Evangelical Church in 1946 to form the Evangelical United Brethren Church. That ...
and is the first American denomination that was not transplanted from Europe. It emerged from United Brethren churches that were at first unorganized, and not all of which joined this church when it was formally organized in 1800, following a 1789 conference at the Otterbein Church (Baltimore, Maryland). In 1889, a controversy over membership in secret societies such as the
Freemasons Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities ...
, the proper way to modify the church's constitution, and other issues split the United Brethren into majority liberal and minority conservative blocs, the latter of which was led by Bishop Milton Wright (father of the Wright Brothers). Both groups continued to use the name ''Church of the United Brethren in Christ''. The majority faction, known as the
Church of the United Brethren in Christ (New Constitution) The Church of the United Brethren in Christ (New Constitution) was a Protestant Christian denomination formed in 1889 by a majority of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ when that denomination amended the church constitution to give loca ...
, merged with the
Evangelical Church Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide interdenominational movement within Protestant Christianity that affirms the centrality of being " born again", in which an individual exper ...
in 1946 to form a new denomination known as the
Evangelical United Brethren Church The Evangelical United Brethren Church (EUB) was a North American Protestant church from 1946 to 1968. It was formed by the merger of the Evangelical Church (formerly the Evangelical Association, founded by Jacob Albright) and the Church of the ...
(EUB). This in turn merged in 1968 with The Methodist Church to form the United Methodist Church (UMC). The Wright-led faction, The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Old Constitution, continues today as the denomination of about 550 congregations, with 47,300 members in fifteen countries. The US National Conference consists of about 200 churches and 25,000 members in the United States, plus mission districts in Haiti and India. The United States national office is located in Huntington, Indiana, as is the denomination's only college,
Huntington University Huntington University may refer to: *Huntington University (Canada) in Ontario * Huntington University (United States) in Indiana *Huntingdon College Huntingdon College is a private Methodist college in Montgomery, Alabama. It was founded in 185 ...
.


History

Though the church was not organized until 1800, its roots reach back to 1767. In May of that year, a ''Great Meeting'' (part of the interdenominational revival movement the First Great Awakening) was held at a barn belonging to Isaac Long in
Lancaster, Pennsylvania Lancaster, ( ; pdc, Lengeschder) is a city in and the county seat of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. It is one of the oldest inland cities in the United States. With a population at the 2020 census of 58,039, it ranks 11th in population amon ...
. Martin Boehm (1725–1812), a Mennonite preacher, spoke of his becoming a Christian through crying out to God while plowing in the field.
Philip William Otterbein Philip William Otterbein (June 3, 1726 – November 17, 1813) was an American clergyman. He was the founder of the United Brethren in Christ, which merged with the Evangelical Church in 1946 to form the Evangelical United Brethren Church. That ...
(1726–1813), a
Reformed Reform is beneficial change Reform may also refer to: Media * ''Reform'' (album), a 2011 album by Jane Zhang * Reform (band), a Swedish jazz fusion group * ''Reform'' (magazine), a Christian magazine *''Reforme'' ("Reforms"), initial name of the ...
pastor at York, Pennsylvania, left his seat, embraced Boehm and said to him, "Wir sind Brüder (we are brethren)." The followers of Boehm and Otterbein formed a loose movement for many years. It spread to include German-speaking churches in Pennsylvania, Virginia, Maryland, and Ohio. In 1800, they began a yearly conference. Thirteen ministers attended the first conference at the home of Peter Kemp in Frederick, Maryland. At that conference in 1800, they adopted a name, the ''United Brethren in Christ.'' Boehm and Otterbein, now in their 70s, were elected as bishops. The United Brethren Church claims to be the first denomination to actually begin in the United States, rather than be transplanted from Europe. A Confession of Faith was adopted in 1815 (similar to one written by Otterbein in 1789), and it has remained the statement of church doctrine to the present. In 1841, they adopted a Constitution. It has remained mostly intact, being changed perhaps a dozen times. William Otterbein retained a connection with the Reformed Church, pastoring a Reformed Church in
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from 1774 until his death in 1813. Martin Boehm was excluded by the Mennonites in 1775. He joined the Methodist Church in 1802, while remaining bishop of the United Brethren until his death in 1812. Francis Asbury, bishop of the Methodist Church in America, spoke at the memorial services of both of these United Brethren bishops. Otterbein had assisted in Asbury's ordination. The United Brethren took a strong stand against slavery in 1821. After 1837, slave owners were no longer allowed to remain as members of the United Brethren Church. In 1847, the United Brethren founded
Otterbein University Otterbein University is a private university in Westerville, Ohio. It offers 74 majors and 44 minors as well as eight graduate programs. The university was founded in 1847 by the Church of the United Brethren in Christ and named for United Bre ...
in Westerville, Ohio, which continues today. In 1853, the ''Home, Frontier, and Foreign Missionary Society'' was organized. Expansion occurred into the western United States, but the church's stance against slavery limited expansion to the south.


Church of the United Brethren in Christ (Old Constitution)

By 1889, the United Brethren had grown to over 200,000 members with six bishops. In that same year they experienced a division. Denominational leaders desired to make three changes: to give local conferences proportional representation at the General Conference; to allow laymen to serve as delegates to General Conference; and to allow United Brethren members to hold membership in secret societies. However, the process for amending the Constitution at the time made it all but impossible to amend it; amendments required a majority of all church members. However, the denominational leadership believed these changes were necessary for the good of the church, and enacted them at the 1889 General Conference, which was held in York, Pennsylvania. They also adopted a new Confession of Faith. A minority faction felt the changes violated the Constitution because they were not made by a majority of all church members. Milton Wright (the father of aviation pioneers Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright) was the only one of the church's six bishops to side with the minority. He and 13 other conference delegates left the meeting and resumed the session at the York Opera House. Arguing that the majority faction had effectively withdrawn from the denomination, they declared themselves to be the true United Brethren Church. Courts saw it differently. Most of the congregations that sided with Wright lost their property. Wright led this group—comprising anywhere from 10,000 to 15,000 constituents—in those early years as they reorganized. A new headquarters began taking shape in 1897 in Huntington, Indiana, with the establishment of a publishing house, national offices, and Huntington College. Wright served as bishop until 1905. Until 1946 two groups operated under the name Church of the United Brethren in Christ, distinguished by whether they were the Church of the United Brethren in Christ (Old Constitution) or the
Church of the United Brethren in Christ (New Constitution) The Church of the United Brethren in Christ (New Constitution) was a Protestant Christian denomination formed in 1889 by a majority of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ when that denomination amended the church constitution to give loca ...
. Both claimed 1800 as their founding date, with heritage dating to 1767, and the same history up to 1889. In 1946, the larger New Constitution United Brethren church merged with the Evangelical Association to form the
Evangelical United Brethren Church The Evangelical United Brethren Church (EUB) was a North American Protestant church from 1946 to 1968. It was formed by the merger of the Evangelical Church (formerly the Evangelical Association, founded by Jacob Albright) and the Church of the ...
. That body in turn merged with The Methodist Church (USA) in 1968 to form the United Methodist Church. The present United Brethren Church is descended from the minority who organized under the leadership of Bishop Milton Wright. They eventually adopted two of the changes that led to the division of 1889 – local conferences have proportional representation at General Conference, and half of the delegates are laypersons. The present church contends that unlike in 1889, these changes were adopted constitutionally.


Theology

The ''Church of the United Brethren in Christ'' is a conservative Trinitarian body of Christians that hold the deity, humanity, and atonement of Jesus; that the Bible, in both the
Old Old or OLD may refer to: Places *Old, Baranya, Hungary *Old, Northamptonshire, England *Old Street station, a railway and tube station in London (station code OLD) *OLD, IATA code for Old Town Municipal Airport and Seaplane Base, Old Town, Mai ...
and New Testaments, is the
inspired Inspiration, inspire, or inspired often refers to: * Artistic inspiration, sudden creativity in artistic production * Biblical inspiration, the doctrine in Judeo-Christian theology concerned with the divine origin of the Bible * Creative inspir ...
Word of God; and that salvation is through faith, repentance and following after Christ. The church holds two ordinances: baptism and the Lord's supper. The church takes a neutral position on the observance of feet washing, stating, "the example of washing feet is left to the judgment of every one to practice or not...".


Branches and connections

For the first several decades the Church of the United Brethren in Christ was loosely organized, and known simply as the United Brethren Church. When they officially organized into a denomination they adopted the name "Church of the United Brethren in Christ" in order to avoid confusion with the Unitas Fratrum (Unity of the Brethren), or as it more commonly was called in English, the United Brethren (also known as the Moravian Church.) Although there was influence by Pietism and the Moravians on the founders of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, there is no direct organizational link. Likewise, there are no organizational connections with the Brethren denominations coming out of the German Brethren and
Swiss Brethren The Swiss Brethren are a branch of Anabaptism that started in Zürich, spread to nearby cities and towns, and then was exported to neighboring countries. Today's Swiss Mennonite Conference can be traced to the Swiss Brethren. In 1525, Felix Manz, ...
movements, nor are there any connections with various
Latter Day Saint The Latter Day Saint movement (also called the LDS movement, LDS restorationist movement, or Smith–Rigdon movement) is the collection of independent church groups that trace their origins to a Christian Restorationist movement founded by Jo ...
groups that use "United Brethren" in their name.


Brethren in Christ

Known branches of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ include several congregations led by United Brethren founder Martin Boehm. Initially known as River Brethren, they developed into several denominations, including the Brethren in Christ Church, Calvary Holiness Church, Old Order River Brethren/Yorker Brethren, and
United Zion Church The United Zion Church is a River Brethren Christian denomination with roots in the Mennonite Church and the Radical Pietistic movement. A body that became known as ''River Brethren'' began about 1778 in Pennsylvania. They were a group of breth ...
. While they were associated with the United Brethren during the early decades, they never joined when the movement formalized into a denomination.


Missionary Church

During the 19th century, John Swank and a small number of supporters left the United Brethren Church. They joined with a small faction that had broken from the larger Brethren in Christ Church. Led by John Wegner, this group was also known by the name " Brethren in Christ". Part of this group, led by John Swank, later broke off and merged to become part of the
Mennonite Brethren in Christ The Missionary Church is an evangelical Christian denomination of Anabaptist origins with Wesleyan and Pietist influences. Faith and practice The Missionary Church is a Trinitarian body which believes the Bible is the inspired Word of God and au ...
. The Mennonite Brethren in Christ eventually contributed to the convergence of denominations of what is now the Missionary Church, USA, headquartered in Fort Wayne, Indiana. The remainder of the Wegner/Swank Brethren in Christ became the Pentecostal Brethren in Christ before becoming part of the Pilgrim Holiness Church, which merged to become part of the Wesleyan Church.


United Christian Church

In addition a small group of members withdrew (primarily over a desire for a stronger stand on pacifism) to form one of the denominations known as the
United Christian Church The denomination known as the United Christian Church is a small evangelical body of Christians with roots in the Radical Pietistic movement of Martin Boehm and Philip William Otterbein. This group may often be confused with local congregations and ...
around the middle of the 19th century.


Christian Union / Churches of Christ in Christian Union Church

In 1848 a small group withdrew to form the Republican United Brethren Church. They later merged with another small splinter group called the
Reformed United Brethren Church Reform is beneficial change Reform may also refer to: Media * ''Reform'' (album), a 2011 album by Jane Zhang *Reform (band), a Swedish jazz fusion group * ''Reform'' (magazine), a Christian magazine *''Reforme'' ("Reforms"), initial name of the ...
to create the Evangelical United Brethren Association. The Evangelical United Brethren Association is believed to have united with several other groups to form the Christian Union in 1864. In 1909 the Christian Union split into the Christian Union and the
Churches of Christ in Christian Union The Churches of Christ in Christian Union (CCCU) is a Wesleyan-Holiness and Restorationist Christian denomination. The CCCU has a presence in 15 U.S. states and several nations, with about 200 churches in the United States. Ohio Christian Unive ...
. They are not to be confused with the Evangelical Association that later was known as the Evangelical Church, before merging to become The
Evangelical United Brethren Church The Evangelical United Brethren Church (EUB) was a North American Protestant church from 1946 to 1968. It was formed by the merger of the Evangelical Church (formerly the Evangelical Association, founded by Jacob Albright) and the Church of the ...
.


United Methodist Church & United Church of Canada

The largest "branching" came in 1889 when the main body divided into two groups. The larger group embraced a new constitution while the smaller group retained the original constitution. The larger group was known as the Church of the United Brethren in Christ or, later, The United Brethren Church (UB). In 1946 the United Brethren Church merged with the
Evangelical Church Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide interdenominational movement within Protestant Christianity that affirms the centrality of being " born again", in which an individual exper ...
to form the
Evangelical United Brethren Church The Evangelical United Brethren Church (EUB) was a North American Protestant church from 1946 to 1968. It was formed by the merger of the Evangelical Church (formerly the Evangelical Association, founded by Jacob Albright) and the Church of the ...
(EUB). In 1968 the Evangelical United Brethren Church merged with the
Methodist Church Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a group of historically related Christian denomination, denominations of Protestantism, Protestant Christianity whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John W ...
to form the United Methodist Church (UMC). In Canada the more liberal United Brethren group after 1889 joined with the Congregationalists in 1906. The Congregationalists then joined with the Methodist Church and most of the Presbyterian Churches in Canada in 1925 to form the United Church of Canada. The more conservative United Brethren Church after 1889 continues to this day as the United Brethren Church in Canada. When EUB churches in the United States entered the UMC in 1968, congregations in Central Canada merged with the United Church of Canada.


Evangelical Church of North America & Evangelical Missionary Church of Canada

In 1968, a number of the Evangelical United Brethren Churches in the US and Canada left the Evangelical United Brethren Church/United Methodist Church. Some rejoined the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, other denominations, or remained independent. Most joined together to form the Evangelical Church of North America. Later, because of international laws and legal requirements by Revenue Canada, the Canadian branch of the Evangelical Church of North America withdrew to form its own denomination. The Evangelical Church in Canada then merged with the Missionary Church of Canada to form the
Evangelical Missionary Church The Evangelical Missionary Church of Canada (EMCC) is a Canadian Christian denomination with historical roots from plants in the pioneer settlement of Ontario and the Canadian West, earlier European migration to the eastern seaboard of the US, an ...
in Canada. Fraternal ties between the Evangelical Church and the Evangelical Missionary Church have been maintained.


The Association of Evangelical Churches

In 1981 a group of former Evangelical United Brethren churches in Pennsylvania separated from the Evangelical Church of North America over concerns regarding the ownership of congregational property. They established the
Association of Evangelical Churches Association may refer to: *Club (organization), an association of two or more people united by a common interest or goal *Trade association, an organization founded and funded by businesses that operate in a specific industry *Voluntary associatio ...
. The Association began an annual slate of ministry events with Family Camp in August 1982, and has since added Men's Retreat, Ministers' Retreat, Youth Retreat, and Ladies Retreat. In addition, its Board of Ministry trains, licenses, and ordains workers for ministry. The Association was a member of the Christian Holiness Partnership. Four chairmen have served the Association since its inception: Rev. Evans Mitchell 1982-1986; Rev. Gary Lyons 1986-1998; Rev. James Nelson 1998-2006; and Rev. Allen Young since 2006.


United Believers in Christ

All but one of the churches of California Conference of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, USA, withdrew from the denomination during the fall of 2005 and started their own group, called
United Believers in Christ United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two fi ...
. The denomination had just gone through a two-year effort to merge into the Missionary Church USA denomination. Although the California churches had strongly supported the initiatives of UBHope, a group which opposed joining with the Missionary Church, USA, and although many of the ideas ultimately adopted originated from UBHope, the California churches continued to disagree with the direction of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, USA.


Church of the United Brethren in Christ (Old Constitution)

The smaller group of churches resulting from the 1889 division became known as the
Church of the United Brethren in Christ (Old Constitution) The Church of the United Brethren in Christ is an evangelical Christian denomination with churches in 17 countries. It is Protestant, with an episcopal structure and Arminian theology, with roots in the Mennonite and German Reformed communitie ...
. Later, after the other
Church of the United Brethren in Christ (New Constitution) The Church of the United Brethren in Christ (New Constitution) was a Protestant Christian denomination formed in 1889 by a majority of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ when that denomination amended the church constitution to give loca ...
changed names with its 1946 merger with the Evangelical Church, "Old Constitution" was dropped from the name. Today, they are often casually referred to as United Brethren (UB) or the United Brethren Church (UBC).


Church of the United Brethren in Christ, International

In the late 1980s through the early 21st century, a need to comply with changing international laws resulted in the creation of a number of self-governing United Brethren "national conferences," organized by country. These independent national denominations covenanted together to create an interdependent body called the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, International. They must all agree to follow the Confession of Faith of 1815, as well as a set of seven Core Values adopted in 2001. The other international governing documents include a Constitution and By-Laws. The General Conference of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, International, meets every three years. It is the highest governing body of the church, and is composed of representatives from the ten national conferences. Each national conference can send two delegates, usually its Bishop or General Superintendent and its Missions Director. The national conference of each country elects its own highest official (often called the bishop). These national conference officials make up an international Executive Committee. The Executive Committee meets annually, usually electronically, to take care of business between sessions of the General Conference. Canadian Bishop Brian Magnus is the current chair of the United Brethren International Executive Committee.


National conferences

The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, International currently consists of ten self-governing national conferences. Seven of them existed when the international structure was adopted in 2001. Two more conferences, Mexico and the Philippines, were accepted as part of the denomination in 2005, and the U.B. churches in Guatemala became the tenth national conference in 2010. The Philippines National Conference was removed from membership by the 2017 General Conference. A group of nearly 30 churches in Haiti, which had affiliated with the United Brethren in 2000 as a mission district, and operated under the supervision of the Canadian national conference, organized as a national conference in 2019. Here is the total list of national conferences: *The United Brethren Church in Canada *The Church of the United Brethren in Christ,
Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...
*The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Hong Kong *The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Jamaica *The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Mexico *The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Nicaragua *The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, Sierra Leone *The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, USA *The Church of the United Brethren in Christ,
Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...
*The Church of the United Brethren in Christ,
Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...


Mission districts

In addition there are various mission districts. A mission district is a collection of churches in a country which are not yet organized into a national conference. Instead, those churches are under the supervision of a national conference. For example, UB Global, the joint mission organization of the United Brethren churches in the United States and Canada, currently oversees a mission district in India and the two churches in Macau, while the Hong Kong Conference oversees the work in Thailand. Any mission district can seek status as a national conference if it meets and maintains the following criteria: # It consists of at least five churches within that country. # It is a legally recognized entity within that country. # No other United Brethren national conference exists in that country. # It is organized with a constitution and other governing documents. # Its governing documents, teachings, and practices do not conflict with the Confession of Faith, Core Values, Constitution, and Bylaws of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, International. If a mission district meets those requirements, it can apply for national conference status through this procedure: # The churches in the mission district vote to seek membership in the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, International. # They develop their governing documents and submit them to the international Executive Committee for review. # The General Conference approves, by a two-thirds vote, the request for membership. These are the current mission districts: *
Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...
(oversight by Nicaragua) *
El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b ...
(oversight by
Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...
) * Germany (oversight by Sierra Leone) * India (oversight by UB Global SA * Macau (oversight by UB Global SA * Thailand (oversight by Hong Kong) * Liberia (oversight by Sierra Leone) * France (oversight by UB Global SA) (see also: other Protestant missionary societies in China during the 19th century)


Organization

The General Conference of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, International, meets every three years. It is the highest governing body of the church, and is composed of representatives from the various national conferences. Each national conference can send two delegates. The national conference of each country elects its own highest official (often called the bishop). These national conference officials make up an international Executive Committee. The Executive Committee meets annually to take care of business between sessions of the General Conference.


Church of the United Brethren in Christ, USA


Organization

The Church of the United Brethren in Christ, USA is the United Brethren national conference for the United States. Its national offices are located in Huntington, Indiana. Led by an elected bishop, it is composed of clergy and lay representatives from US congregations and US-sponsored mission fields. The national conference meets every two years. On October 14, 2003, the Executive Leadership Team of the United Brethren Church, USA voted to pursue joining with the Missionary Church. The joining was tentatively scheduled to occur in 2005 but was defeated by a vote of the membership in 2004. This action, had it received a favorable vote, would have combined the United Brethren churches in the United States into the Missionary Church USA, so that all of those congregations would have become Missionary Church congregations. At the 2005 National Conference of the United Brethren Church, USA significant changes were passed that initiated a major restructuring and refocusing of the denomination. The new organizational structure eliminated the multiple geographical "annual conferences" which had existed since 1810, and replaced them with smaller groupings, called "clusters", consisting of 5-10 churches and their senior pastors. Clusters were designed to better equip congregations and their leadership while building stronger relationships and accountability. The new structure did the following: *Moved the National Conference from a four-year cycle to a two-year cycle. *Required each United Brethren church in the United States to affirm its continued support for a covenant agreement. The covenant agreement lays out the minimum expectations to be a United Brethren church. *Required that all pastors and their congregations work together with other pastors and congregations in groups of 5-10 churches called "clusters." The new structure allowed flexibility in the formation and focus of a cluster. Each cluster receives ongoing training to equip the pastors in the cluster to equip their churches. All cluster leaders are appointed by the United States bishop. *Allowed for a variety of mission-focused networks and associations to be created. These groups could revolve around world evangelism, camps, church planting, or any number of other affinities. *Required a "partnership fee" of 3.5% of a church's income. Before 2005, most churches paid around 12% of their income toward conference and denominational interests. The elimination of the annual conferences, a mid-level geographic entity with its own leaders and programs, enabled the fee to be drastically reduced and thereby keep more finances at the local church level. The covenant must be signed by each church and reciprocally signed by the bishop. If a church chooses not to sign the covenant, they are basically withdrawing from the denomination. The covenant, as most recently revised, includes these points: # We commit to the Confession of Faith and Core Values of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, International. # We agree to abide by the Constitution and Discipline of the US National Conference. # We will prioritize our assets, energies, and ministries toward fulfilling the Great Commission. # We will support the broader ministry and mission of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, USA, through prayer, promotion of its interests, and the annual partnership fee.


Affiliated ministries

* UB Global (formerly Global Ministries), located in Huntington, Indiana, is the official agency of the Church of the United Brethren Church, USA, for worldwide evangelism and discipleship. Areas of responsibility include overseeing mission conferences, certifying missionaries, and promoting connections between US and non-US congregations. The United States and Canadian national conferences work together under a joint ministry agreement; two representatives from the Canadian church serve on the UB Global Leadership Team. *
Huntington University Huntington University may refer to: *Huntington University (Canada) in Ontario * Huntington University (United States) in Indiana *Huntingdon College Huntingdon College is a private Methodist college in Montgomery, Alabama. It was founded in 185 ...
is owned and operated by the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, USA. The successor of Hartsville Seminary, Huntington University was founded in 1897 as Central College. In 1917, the name was changed to Huntington College, and it became Huntington University on July 1, 2005. * Laurel Mission is a holistic ministry meeting physical, social, and spiritual needs in rural Kentucky. * Rhodes Grove Camp is a campground located near Chambersburg, Pa. It was the campground of the Mid-Atlantic Conference until 2005, when Rhodes Grove became an independent entity with its own board of directors. The camp's strong connections with United Brethren churches continue. * Camp Living Waters is a United Brethren campground in Luther, Mich. In 2005, Camp Living Waters became an independent entity, while retaining strong connections with the founding United Brethren churches. * Camp Cotubic, located in Bellefontaine, Ohio, was the campground of the former Central Conference of the US National Conference. It became an independent entity, with its own board of directors, in 2006, though the historic connections with United Brethren churches in Ohio and Indiana continue.


Key national leader

* Rev. Todd Fetters, Bishop


Publications


UB.org
is the official website of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, USA.
UBGlobal.org
is the official website of UB Global.
UBCentral.org
is the official news portal for the United Brethren church. * "Worldview" is the official publication of UB Global and is published quarterly.


Status

The total number of United Brethren churches is 600, with a membership of 47,300. In 2017, membership in the United States was around 20,000 in 180 congregations. The majority of United Brethren churches are located in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan. Outside the United States, there are churches in Canada,
Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...
,
El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b ...
,
Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...
,
Haiti Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...
,
Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...
, Hong Kong, India, Jamaica, Liberia, Macau, Mexico, Nicaragua, Sierra Leone, France, and Thailand.


Higher education

Since its beginning in the 18th century, the Church of the United Brethren in Christ founded 34 colleges, seminaries, and academies in the United States. Only Huntington University is part of the current Church of the United Brethren in Christ. The complete list of colleges surviving as independent entities, include: *
Huntington University Huntington University may refer to: *Huntington University (Canada) in Ontario * Huntington University (United States) in Indiana *Huntingdon College Huntingdon College is a private Methodist college in Montgomery, Alabama. It was founded in 185 ...
, Huntington, Indiana (UBC) * Lebanon Valley College, Annville, Pennsylvania (associated with the UMC) *
Otterbein University Otterbein University is a private university in Westerville, Ohio. It offers 74 majors and 44 minors as well as eight graduate programs. The university was founded in 1847 by the Church of the United Brethren in Christ and named for United Bre ...
Westerville, Ohio (UMC) * United Theological Seminary, Dayton, Ohio (UMC) * University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana (UMC) * Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia (UMC)


Notable United Brethren people

*
Clarence E. Coe Clarence Elliot Coe (January 23, 1873 – September 5, 1943) was one of the first settlers and farmers in Palms, California, and a member of the Los Angeles Police Commission from 1929 to 1931 and of the Los Angeles City Council from 1931 to 1933. ...
, pioneer of
Palms, California Palms (originally "The Palms") is a community in the Westside region of Los Angeles, California, founded in 1886 and the oldest neighborhood annexed to the city, in 1915. The 1886 tract was marketed as an agricultural and vacation community. ...
, and member of the Los Angeles City Council, 1931–33 *
James M. Cox James Middleton Cox (March 31, 1870 July 15, 1957) was an American businessman and politician who served as the 46th and 48th governor of Ohio, and a two-term U.S. Representative from Ohio. As the Democratic nominee for President of the United St ...
, 1920 Democratic presidential candidate, twice governor of Ohio, and founder of Cox Enterprises. *
Francis Scott Key Francis Scott Key (August 1, 1779January 11, 1843) was an American lawyer, author, and amateur poet from Frederick, Maryland, who wrote the lyrics for the American national anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner". Key observed the British bombardment ...
, who wrote " The Star-Spangled Banner", was a Sunday school teacher for the United Brethren. * Benjamin Hanby, a United Brethren bishop's son who wrote the songs "Darling Nelly Gray," "Up on the Housetop," and "Jolly Old St. Nicholas." * Lillian Resler Keister Harford (1851–1935), church organizer and editor. *
Orville D. Merillat Orville D. Merillat (May 1, 1916 – January 15, 1999) was an American businessman and philanthropist, who was the founder of Merillat Industries, Inc., a manufacturer of wooden kitchen cabinets. He was born on a farm in Tedrow, Ohio, on May 1, ...
, founder of Merillat Industries and a noted philanthropist, was a United Brethren member. *
J. Edward Roush John Edward Roush (September 12, 1920 – March 26, 2004) was an American lawyer and World War II veteran who served eight terms as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Indiana from 1959 to 1969, and again from 1971 ...
, who represented Indiana's 4th Congressional District 1959–1977, and was instrumental in establishing the nationwide 911 emergency system. * Orville and Wilbur Wright, who invented the airplane, were the sons of United Brethren bishop Milton Wright.


References


Further reading

*''Handbook of Denominations in the United States'', by Frank S. Mead, Samuel S. Hill, and Craig D. Atwood *''Trials and Triumphs,'' Paul R. Fetters, editor. A history of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ up to 1981. *"Theological Perspectives", Paul R. Fetters, editor. *"All for Christ," volumes 1 and 2, written by Steve Dennie and published in June 2017. A history of the United Brethren in Christ with a focus on 1981 to the present.


External links


Church of the United Brethren in Christ

UB Global

Huntington University

United Brethren Historical Center
{{DEFAULTSORT:Church Of The United Brethren In Christ Religious organizations established in 1889 River Brethren Evangelical denominations in North America Anabaptist organizations established in the 19th century Evangelical denominations established in the 19th century Protestantism in Ohio Members of the National Association of Evangelicals Arminian denominations