The Tettigarctidae, known as the hairy cicadas, are a small

relict A relict is a surviving remnant of a natural phenomenon. Biology A relict (or relic) is an organism that at an earlier time was abundant in a large area but now occurs at only one or a few small areas. Geology and geomorphology In geology, a r ...

(mostly extinct) family of primitive

cicada The cicadas () are a superfamily, the Cicadoidea, of insects in the order Hemiptera (true bugs). They are in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, along with smaller jumping bugs such as leafhoppers and froghoppers. The superfamily is divided into tw ...

s. Along with more than 20 extinct genera, Tettigarctidae contains a single extant genus, ''

Tettigarcta ''Tettigarcta'' is a genus of cicadas in the family Tettigarctidae. There are two described species in ''Tettigarcta'', one found in mainland Australia and one on the island of Tasmania. These two species are the only living species of the family ...

'', with two extant species, one from southern Australia ('' T. crinita'') and one from the island of

Tasmania ) , nickname = , image_map = Tasmania in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Tasmania in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdi ...

('' T. tomentosa''). Numerous fossil species have been described from the Late Triassic onwards. ''Tettigarcta'' are the closest living relatives of the true cicadas.

General

Only one genus in the family Tettigarctidae is not extinct, ''

''. Dates given in million years ago (Ma). Family Tettigarctidae * † '' Hpanraais'' Jiang et al. 2019 -

Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The ...

, Myanmar, mid Cretaceous (latest

Albian The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/ Series. Its approximate time range is 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma to 100.5 ± 0 ...

-earliest

Cenomanian The Cenomanian is, in the ICS' geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or the lowest stage of the Upper Cretaceous Series. An age is a unit of geochronology; it is a unit of time; the stage is a unit in ...

) ~99 Ma * † '' Mesodiphthera'' Tillyard, 1919 Blackstone Formation Australia, Late Triassic (

Norian The Norian is a division of the Triassic Period. It has the rank of an age ( geochronology) or stage (chronostratigraphy). It lasted from ~227 to million years ago. It was preceded by the Carnian and succeeded by the Rhaetian. Stratigraphic ...

) 227–208.5 Ma * † '' Tardilly'' Lambkin, 2019 Blackstone Formation Australia, 227–208.5 Ma Subfamily Cicadoprosbolinae Evans, 1956 * † '' Maculaprosbole'' Zheng et al. 2016 - Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic 164.7 to 155.7 Ma * Tribe Turutanoviini Scherbakov, 2008 **† '' Hirtaprosbole'' Liu et al. 2016 - Daohugou Beds, China, 164.7 to 155.7 Ma **† '' Sanmai'' Chen, Zhang & Wang B 2016 - Daohugou Beds, China, 164.7 to 155.7 Ma **† '' Shuraboprosbole'' Becker-Migdisova 1949 (syn- '' Paraprosbole'' Whalley 1985 according to Chen et al 2016) Sagul Formation Kyrgyzstan,

Charmouth Mudstone Formation The Charmouth Mudstone Formation is a geological formation in England. It preserves fossils dating back to the early part of the Jurassic period (Sinemurian– Pliensbachian). It forms part of the lower Lias Group. It is most prominently expose ...

, United Kingdom, Early Jurassic, Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic 189.6 to 163.5 Ma **† '' Tianyuprosbole'' Chen, Wang, Zhang & Wang, 2014 - Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic 164.7 to 163.5 Ma **† '' Turutanovia'' Becker-Migdisova 1949 - Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic Gurvan-Eren Formation Mongolia, Early Cretaceous 164.7 to 112.6 Ma *Tribe Cicadoprosbolini Evans, 1956 **† '' Burmaprosbole'' Qiao et al, 2021 Burmese amber, Myanmar, 99 Ma **† '' Diphtheropsis'' Martynov 1937 -

Dzhil Formation Dzhil may refer to: * Jil, Armenia Jil ( hy, Ջիլ) is a village in the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia, located near the northern shore of Lake Sevan. Most of the beach in close proximity to the village remains uninhabited with a strip of fore ...

, Sulyukta Formation Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Early Jurassic 189.6 to 183.0 Ma **† '' Cicadoprosbole'' Becker-Migdisova 1947 -

, Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic 201.6 to 189.6 Ma **† '' Macrotettigarcta'' Chen and Wang 2016 - Daohugou Beds, China, Middle Jurassic 164.7 to 163.5 Ma **† '' Elkinda'' Shcherbakov 1988 - Turga Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous 125.45 to 122.46 Ma **† '' Shaanxiarcta'' Shcherbakov 2008 - Fengjiashan Formation, China, Early Cretaceous 136.4 to 125.45 Ma **† '' Hylaeoneura'' Lameere and Severin 1897 -

Sainte-Barbe Clays Formation The Sainte-Barbe Clays Formation is a geological formation in Belgium. It is found in localised areas of the northern margin of the Mons Basin, alongside the equivalently aged Hautrage and Baudour Clay Formations. It is Upper Barremian-Lower Apti ...

, Belgium, Early Cretaceous, 130.0 to 122.46 Ma **† '' Vetuprosbole'' Fu, Cai and Huang, 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, 99 Ma **†"''Liassocicada''" ''ignota'' Brodie 1845,

Lilstock Formation The Lilstock Formation is a geologic formation in England. It preserves bivalve, insect and other invertebrate fossils, as well as fossil fish of '' Agkistracanthus mitgelensis'' and the basal theropod dinosaur '' Newtonsaurus cambrensis'' datin ...

, United Kingdom, Late Triassic (

Rhaetian The Rhaetian is the latest age of the Triassic Period (in geochronology) or the uppermost stage of the Triassic System (in chronostratigraphy). It was preceded by the Norian and succeeded by the Hettangian (the lowermost stage or earliest a ...

) 205.6 - 201.6 Ma *Tribe Architettigini Scherbakov, 2008 **† '' Architettix'' Hamilton 1990 - Crato Formation, Brazil, Early Cretaceous (late

Aptian The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma to 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ag ...

) ~113 Ma Subfamily Tettigarctinae Distant, 1905 * †'' Cretotettigarcta'' Fu, Cai and Huang, 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, 99 Ma * Tribe Protabanini Hong, 1982 **† '' Eotettigarcta'' Zeuner 1944 - Ardtun Head,

Isle of Mull The Isle of Mull ( gd, An t-Eilean Muileach ) or just Mull (; gd, Muile, links=no ) is the second-largest island of the Inner Hebrides (after Skye) and lies off the west coast of Scotland in the council area of Argyll and Bute. Covering ...

, United Kingdom,

Paleocene The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek ''pala ...

58.7 to 55.8 Ma **† '' Liassocicada'' Bode 1953 -

Posidonia Shale The Posidonia Shale (german: Posidonienschiefer, also called Schistes Bitumineux in Luxembourg) geologically known as the Sachrang Formation, is an Early Jurassic (Toarcian) geological formation of southwestern and northeast Germany, northern Swit ...

Germany, Early Jurassic 183.0 - 182.0 Ma **† '' Magrebarcta'' Shcherbakov 2008 - Douiret Formation, Tunisia, Early Cretaceous 125.45 to 112.6 Ma **† '' Protabanus'' Hong 1982 -

Jiulongshan Formation The Haifanggou Formation (), also known as the Jiulongshan Formation (), is a fossil-bearing rock deposit located near Daohugou () village of Ningcheng County, in Inner Mongolia, northeastern China. The formation consists of coarse conglomerat ...

, China, Middle Jurassic 164.7 to 163.5 Ma **† '' Sunotettigarcta'' Hong 1983 - Daohugou Beds, Jiulongshan Formation, China, Middle Jurassic Karabastau Formation Kazakhstan, Late Jurassic 164.7 to 155.7 Ma **† '' Tettagalma'' Menon 2005 - Crato Formation, Brazil, 122.46 to 112.6 Ma **† '' Maculaferrum'' Demers-Potvin et al 2020 -

Redmond Formation The Redmond Formation is a geologic formation in Newfoundland and Labrador. It preserves fossils dating back to the mid- Cretaceous ( Cenomanian). It was a thin (up to thick) and restricted unit traced for in a single mine (Redmond No. 1) in Lab ...

, Canada, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) 99.7 to 94.3 Ma * Tribe Meunierini Boulard et Nel, 1990 ** † '' Kisylia'' Martynov 1937 - Kyzyl-Kiya, Kyrgyzstan, Early Jurassic 189.6 to 183.0 Ma ** † '' Meuniera'' Piton 1936 - Menat Formation, France, Paleocene 58.7 to 55.8 Ma * Tribe Tettigarctini Distant, 1905 ** † '' Paratettigarcta'' Kaulfuss & Moulds 2015 - Hindon Maar, New Zealand,

Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recen ...

23.03 to 15.97 Ma ** ''

'' White, 1845 - Australia, extant

References

External links

CSIRO Tettigarctid page

A photo of a Tettigarcta tomentosa
* * Auchenorrhyncha families Cicadas {{Auchenorrhyncha-stub

General

See also

References

External links