Elections in Vietnam occur under a single-party political system of the

Vietnamese Communist Party The Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), also known as the Vietnamese Communist Party (VCP), is the founding and sole legal party of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Founded in 1930 by Hồ Chí Minh, the CPV became the ruling party of North ...

(VCP).

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...

is one of the last modern single-party authoritarian regimes, also known as a party-state, that does not hold direct elections at a national level. As a single-party system, elections are limited and monopolized by the ruling party, which bars free speech and interferes with results.

General

The

President of Vietnam The president of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Chủ tịch nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam, lit=Chairman of the nation of Socialist Republic of Vietnam) is the head of state of Vietnam, elected by the Vietnam Nat ...

(''Chủ tịch nước'') is elected by the

National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the rep ...

. The

Prime Minister of Vietnam The prime minister of Vietnam ( vi, Thủ tướng Việt Nam), officially styled as the Prime Minister of the Government of the Socialist Republic ( vi, Thủ tướng Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa), is the head of g ...

(''Thủ tướng'') and Chief Justice (''Chánh án Tối cao'') of Vietnam are appointed by the president and approved by the national Assembly. The ministers are then appointed by the prime Minister and also approved by the national Assembly. In the May 20th 2007 election, the

Vietnamese Fatherland Front The Vietnamese Fatherland Front ( vi, Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam) is an umbrella group of mass movements in Vietnam aligned with the Communist Party of Vietnam forming the Vietnamese government. It was founded in February 1977 by the ...

, consisting of the Communist Party of Vietnam, participated alongside affiliated groups and organizations; The 875 candidates for 500 seats included 150 who are not Communist Party members, but have party approval to run. Thirty candidates were allowed to enter on their own, their nominations approved by colleagues and neighbors. In March 2023, the National Assembly elected

Võ Văn Thưởng Võ Văn Thưởng (born 13 December 1970) is a Vietnamese politician. He is currently a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam, a standing member of the Secretariat of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Viet ...

as the country's president, which is a mostly ceremonial role.

Electoral system

The deputies of the National Assembly are elected using a block voting system from multi-member electoral units. The National Election Council is the authority which puts rules and guidelines into effect, as well as overseeing general elections in the country. The nomination process is controlled by the Vietnam Fatherland Front, who holds consultative conferences to narrow down a field of candidates for election. The selection process takes into account factors such as proportional representation from the major regions of the country, gender balance, and the inclusion of ethnic minorities as well as representation of mass organizations. Generally, 90% of seats are directly reserved for the Communist Party of Vietnam, with the remaining 10% reserved for non-party members approved by the Fatherland Front.

Local election

The people's Council (''Hội đồng Nhân dân'') is the local legislature of provinces and municipalities of Vietnam. The people's councils represent the local authority of the state and are the top supervisory bodies at each level. They do not govern directly but instead elect and oversee people's committees that act as executive bodies and carry out local administrative duties; council members are elected via a direct system for a five-year term. The number of representatives depends on the population of that province or municipality. One councilor is elected chairman. The People's Council elects the People's Committee (''Ủy ban Nhân dân'',) the

executive power The Executive, also referred as the Executive branch or Executive power, is the term commonly used to describe that part of government which enforces the law, and has overall responsibility for the governance of a state. In political systems b ...

. The People's Committee consists of a Chairman and a number of commissioners. The Judge of the People's Court (''Tòa án Nhân dân'') of each province or municipality is appointed by the Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court of Vietnam.

Latest elections

Legislative election

References