This article is about the demographics of

Djibouti Djibouti, ar, جيبوتي ', french: link=no, Djibouti, so, Jabuuti officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red ...

, including

population density Population density (in agriculture: Stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical ...

, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Ethnic groups

is a

multiethnic A multinational state or a multinational union is a sovereign entity that comprises two or more nations or states. This contrasts with a nation state, where a single nation accounts for the bulk of the population. Depending on the definition of ...

country. As of 2018, it has a population of around 884,017 inhabitants. Djibouti's population grew rapidly during the latter half of the 20th century, increasing from about 69,589 in 1955 to around 869,099 by 2015. the ethnic composition of Djibouti is= 56.2% Somali 24.2% Afar 15.6% Arabs (6.675% Djibouti Arabs ndigenous 4.525% Yemenis, 4.4% Omanis) and 5% others. The

Somali clan The Somalis ( so, Soomaalida 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒆𐒖, ar, صوماليون) are an ethnic group native to the Horn of Africa who share a common ancestry, culture and history. The Lowland East Cushitic Somali language is the shared mo ...

component is mainly composed of the Issa clan (Dir), followed by the Gadabuursi and the

Isaaq The Isaaq (also Isaq, Ishaak, Isaac) ( so, Reer Sheekh Isxaaq, ar, بني إسحاق, Banī Isḥāq) is a Somali clan. It is one of the major Somali clans in the Horn of Africa, with a large and densely populated traditional territory. Pe ...

. The remaining 5% of Djibouti's population primarily consists of

Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...

ns and

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...

ans ( French,

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

and

Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...

). In addition, as of 2,021, 4,000 U.S. Army troops , 1,350 French Army troops, 600 Japanese Army troops, 400 Chinese Army troops, and an unknown number of German Army troops are stationed at various bases throughout Djibouti. Approximately 76% of local residents are

urban Urban means "related to a city". In that sense, the term may refer to: * Urban area, geographical area distinct from rural areas * Urban culture, the culture of towns and cities Urban may also refer to: General * Urban (name), a list of people ...

dwellers; the remainder are

pastoralists Pastoralism is a form of animal husbandry where domesticated animals (known as "livestock") are released onto large vegetated outdoor lands (pastures) for grazing, historically by nomadic people who moved around with their herds. The animal s ...

. 40,000 people from

Yemen Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, north and ...

live in Djibouti, counting for 4.525% of its total population.

Languages

Djibouti is a

multilingual Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers. It is believed that multilingual speakers outnumber monolingual speakers in the world's population. More than half of all E ...

nation. The majority of local residents speak Somali (350,000 speakers in Djibouti city and Ali Sabieh) and Afar (300,000 speakers) as a first language. These idioms are the mother tongues of the Somali and Afar ethnic groups, respectively. Both languages belong to the larger

Afroasiatic The Afroasiatic languages (or Afro-Asiatic), also known as Hamito-Semitic, or Semito-Hamitic, and sometimes also as Afrasian, Erythraean or Lisramic, are a language family of about 300 languages that are spoken predominantly in the geographic su ...

family. There are 2 official languages in Djibouti:

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...

and French. Arabic is of religious importance. In formal settings, it consists of

Modern Standard Arabic Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Modern Written Arabic (MWA), terms used mostly by linguists, is the variety of standardized, literary Arabic that developed in the Arab world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; occasionally, it also ref ...

. Colloquially, about 59,000 local residents speak the Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic dialect, also known as ''Djibouti Arabic''. French serves as a statutory national language. It was inherited from the colonial period, and is the primary language of instruction. Around 17,000 Djiboutians speak it as a first language. Immigrant languages include

Omani Arabic Omani Arabic (also known as Omani Hadari Arabic) is a variety of Arabic spoken in the Al Hajar Mountains of Oman and in a few neighboring coastal regions. It is the easternmost Arabic dialect. It was formerly spoken by colonists in Kenya and Tanz ...

(38,900 speakers), Amharic (1,400 speakers),

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

(1,000 speakers) and

Hindi Hindi ( Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...

(600 speakers).

Population

According to , the total population was in compared to 62,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 35.8%, 60.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.3% was 65 years or older.

Projections

The following are UN medium variant projections; numbers are in thousands: *2015 975 *2020 1,065 *2025 1,166 *2030 1,262 *2035 1,356 *2040 1,447 *2045 1,535 *2050 1,619

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events in Djibouti is incomplete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.

Life expectancy

Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2022. *One birth every 26 minutes *One death every 76 minutes *One net migrant every 720 minutes *Net gain of one person every 38 minutes The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook.

Population

:957,273 (2022 est.) :884,017 (July 2018 est.) :828,324 (July 2015 est.)

Religions

Sunni Muslim 94% (nearly all Djiboutians), other 6% (mainly foreign-born residents - Shia Muslim, Christian, Hindu, Jewish, Baha'i, and atheist)

Age structure

Djibouti single age population pyramid 2020

:''0-14 years:'' 29.97% (male 138,701/female 137,588) :''15-24 years:'' 20.32% (male 88,399/female 98,955) :''25-54 years:'' 40.73% (male 156,016/female 219,406) :''55-64 years:'' 5.01% (male 19,868/female 26,307) :''65 years and over:'' 3.97% (male 16,245/female 20,319) (2020 est.) :''0-14 years:'' 30.71% (male 136,191 /female 135,263) :''15-24 years:'' 21.01% (male 87,520 /female 98,239) :''25-54 years:'' 39.63% (male 145,427 /female 204,927) :''55-64 years:'' 4.82% (male 18,967 /female 23,639) :''65 years and over:'' 3.83% (male 15,136 /female 18,708) (2018 est.)

Median age

:total: 24.9 years. Country comparison to the world: 163rd :male: 23 years :female: 26.4 years (2020 est.) :total: 24.2 years. Country comparison to the world: 165th :male: 22.4 years :female: 25.7 years (2018 est.) :Total: 22.8 years :Male: 21.1 years :Female: 24.1 years (2014 est.)

Birth rate

:22.25 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 58th :23.3 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 59th

Death rate

:7.12 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 116th :7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 109th

Total fertility rate The total fertility rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime if: # she were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through her lifetime # she were t ...

:2.15 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 91st :2.27 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 90th

Net migration rate

:4.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 24th :5.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 19th

Population growth rate

:1.97% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 42nd :2.13% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 42nd :2.18% (2016 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

:19% (2012)

Dependency ratios

:total dependency ratio: 56.5 (2015 est.) :youth dependency ratio: 50.1 (2015 est.) :elderly dependency ratio: 6.4 (2015 est.) :

potential support ratio The potential support ratio (PSR) is the number of people age 15–64 per one older person aged 65 or older. This ratio describes the burden placed on the working population (unemployment and children are not considered in this measure) by the no ...

: 15.6 (2015 est.)

Urbanization

:urban population: 78.4% of total population (2022) :rate of urbanization: 1.56% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) :urban population: 77.8% of total population (2018) :rate of urbanization: 1.67% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Major cities - population

:DJIBOUTI (capital) 562,000 (2018)

Sex ratio

:at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female :under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female :15-24 years: 0.89 male(s)/female :25-54 years: 0.71 male(s)/female :55-64 years: 0.85 male(s)/female :65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female :total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

:total population: 65.3 years. Country comparison to the world: 203rd :male: 62.72 years :female: 67.96 years (2022 est.) :total population: 64 years (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 191st :male: 61.4 years (2018 est.) :female: 66.6 years (2018 est.) :Total population: 62.4 years :Male: 59.93 years :Female: 64.94 years (2014 est.)

HIV/AIDS

:adult prevalence rate: 1.2% (2012 est.) :people living with HIV/AIDS: 7,700 (2012 est.) :deaths: 690 (2012 est.)

Major infectious diseases

:degree of risk: high (2020) :food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever :vectorborne diseases: dengue fever note: on 21 March 2022, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a Travel Alert for polio in Africa; Djibouti is currently considered a high risk to travelers for circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV); vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) is a strain of the weakened poliovirus that was initially included in oral polio vaccine (OPV) and that has changed over time and behaves more like the wild or naturally occurring virus; this means it can be spread more easily to people who are unvaccinated against polio and who come in contact with the stool or respiratory secretions, such as from a sneeze, of an “infected” person who received oral polio vaccine; the CDC recommends that before any international travel, anyone unvaccinated, incompletely vaccinated, or with an unknown polio vaccination status should complete the routine polio vaccine series; before travel to any high-risk destination, CDC recommends that adults who previously completed the full, routine polio vaccine series receive a single, lifetime booster dose of polio vaccine

Nationality

: Djiboutien or Djiboutian

Ethnic groups

Afar 35%, Somali 60% and

Arab The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...

Languages

The languages of Djibouti are: : French ( official) :

( official) : Somali : Afar

Education expenditures

:3.6% of GDP (2018) Country comparison to the world: 116th

Literacy

:definition: age 15 and over can read and write :total population: 67.9% :male: 60% :female: 58.4% (2003 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

:total: 7 years :male: 7 years :female: 7 years (2011) :total: 6 years (2011) :male: 7 years (2011) :female: 6 years (2011)

References

External links

{{Africa in topic, Demographics of