The Dymaean Wall ( el, Τείχος Δυμαίων, ''Teichos Dymaiōn'') or Kalogria Castle is a prehistoric acropolis in western Achaea,

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders ...

. The fortress stands in a strategic position on a rocky hilltop, north of the Prokopos lagoon, near the village of

Araxos Araxos ( el, Άραξος, la, Araxus) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Larissos of the municipality West Achaea in the northwestern part of Achaea, Greece. The community consists of the villages Araxos, Akrotirio Araxos and ...

. It was built in the

Mycenaean period Mycenaean Greece (or the Mycenaean civilization) was the last phase of the Bronze Age in Ancient Greece, spanning the period from approximately 1750 to 1050 BC.. It represents the first advanced and distinctively Greek civilization in mainland ...

, probably around 1300 BC, but human occupation of the site started already around 3500 BC. It was deserted in the 18th century AD. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

it was used by occupying Italian forces, who built a number of military installations on the site and damaged the prehistoric fortifications.Greek Ministry of Culture
/ref> It was named the Dymaean Wall after the nearby ancient city of

Dyme Dyme ( grc, Δύμη), or Dymae, was a town and polis (city-state) of ancient Achaea, and the most westerly of the 12 Achaean cities, from which circumstance it is said to have derived its name. The location of Dyme is near the modern Kato Acha ...

. During the war between the Achaean and the Aetolian Leagues (220–217 BC) it was seized by king

Philip V of Macedon Philip V ( grc-gre, Φίλιππος ; 238–179 BC) was king ( Basileus) of Macedonia from 221 to 179 BC. Philip's reign was principally marked by an unsuccessful struggle with the emerging power of the Roman Republic. He would lead Macedon ag ...

. Polybius, '' The Histories'', 4.83

References

{{coord, 38.1566, 21.4032, type:landmark_region:GR, display=title Ancient Achaea Dymi, Achaea Neolithic Greece Buildings and structures in Achaea