Tashir-Dzoraget
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The Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget ( hy, Տաշիր-Ձորագետի Թագավորություն ''Tashir-Dzorageti t'agavorut'yun''), alternatively known as the Kingdom of Lori or Kiurikian Kingdom by later historians, was a medieval Armenian kingdom formed in the year 979 by the
Kiurikian dynasty The Kiurikian or Kiurikid dynasty ( hy, Կյուրիկյաններ or more rarely Gurgenian, hy, Գուրգենյաններ) was a medieval Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the kingdoms of Tashir-Dzoraget (978-1118) and Kakheti-Hereti (1029 ...
, a branch of the Bagratuni dynasty, as a vassal kingdom of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia. The first capital of the kingdom was Matsnaberd, currently part of modern-day Azerbaijan. It was located on the territories of modern-day northern Armenia, northwestern Azerbaijan and southern Georgia. The founder of the kingdom and the
Kiurikian dynasty The Kiurikian or Kiurikid dynasty ( hy, Կյուրիկյաններ or more rarely Gurgenian, hy, Գուրգենյաններ) was a medieval Armenian royal dynasty which ruled the kingdoms of Tashir-Dzoraget (978-1118) and Kakheti-Hereti (1029 ...
was king Kiurike I (also known as Gurgen I). In 979 King
Smbat II Smbat II ( hy, Սմբատ Բ Տիեզերակալ, Smbat II Master of the Universe) reigned as King of Armenia from 977 to 989. He was of the Bagratuni line of kings, and the son of Ashot III, whom he succeeded. Life Smbat was crowned king on th ...
of Armenia granted the province of Tashir to his brother Kiurike with the title of king. The branch went on to outlive the main one in Ani. It became especially strong during the reign of King David I Anhoghin who succeeded his father Kiurike and ruled between 989 and 1048. David I Anhoghin conquered some territories from Emirates of Tbilisi and
Ganja Ganja (, ; ) is one of the oldest and most commonly used synonyms for marijuana. Its usage in English dates to before 1689. Etymology ''Ganja'' is borrowed from Hindi/Urdu ( hi, गांजा, links=no, ur, , links=no, IPA: aːɲd ...
, and chose
Samshvilde Samshvilde ( ka, სამშვილდე, ) is a ruined fortified city and archaeological site in Georgia, in the country's south, near the homonymous modern-day village in the Tetritsqaro Municipality, Kvemo Kartli region. The ruins of the c ...
as his residence. In 1001, he unsuccessfully tried to gain independence from the Bagratid kings. After failing he was punished by King Gagik I, who confiscated all of his possessions; after this David was to become known as "Anhoghin" meaning "the Landless." David I was succeeded by his son
Kiurike II Kiurike II (alternatively spelled Gorige, Korike or Gurgen) was the third king of the Kingdom of Lori The Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget ( hy, Տաշիր-Ձորագետի Թագավորություն ''Tashir-Dzorageti t'agavorut'yun''), alternati ...
, who ruled between 1048 and 1089. After the fall of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia in 1045, Kiurike II was bestowed by the Byzantines with the title of '' Kouropalates'' and became an independent ruler. Kiurike II moved the capital from Matsnaberd to
Lori Lori may refer to: *Lori (given name) *Lori Province, Armenia *Lori Fortress, a fortress in Armenia *Lori Berd, a village in Armenia *Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget, a historical Armenian kingdom from c. 980 to 1240, sometimes known as the Kingdom of L ...
in 1064.Большая советская энциклопедия: During the
Seljuk Seljuk or Saljuq (سلجوق) may refer to: * Seljuk Empire (1051–1153), a medieval empire in the Middle East and central Asia * Seljuk dynasty (c. 950–1307), the ruling dynasty of the Seljuk Empire and subsequent polities * Seljuk (warlord) (di ...
invasions of the Caucasus, Kiurke II nominally became a vassal of the Seljuk Empire. At the peak of its power, kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget became suzerain of the
Emirate of Tiflis The Emirate of Tbilisi ( ka, თბილისის საამირო ', ar, إمارة تفليسي ') was a Muslim emirate in Transcaucasia. The Emirs of Tbilisi ruled over the parts of today's eastern Georgia from their base in the cit ...
and the kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti, where a branch of Kiurikian dynasty ruled from 1029 to 1105. In 1089, David II succeeded his father Kiurike II, and ruled until 1118 when Tashir-Dzoraget was annexed to the Kingdom of Georgia. After this, the Kiurikians, having strengthened themselves in the fortresses of Tavush, Matsnaberd and Nor-Berd, retained their royal title until the beginning of the 13th century, when Mongols conquered the region. Unlike their Bagratuni relatives, the Kiurikian kings were unique in minting their own coins, with the line, "May the Lord aid Kiurike (George) the Khorapaghat (Kouropalates)," running in five lines inscribed on the reverse side. They sponsored the construction of a number of churches and monasteries in northern Armenia, including those in Sanahin, Haghpat and
Haghartsin Haghartsin () is a 13th-century monastery located near the town of Dilijan in the Tavush Province of Armenia. It was built between the 10th and 13th centuries (in the 12th under Khachatur of Taron); much of it under the patronage of the Bagratun ...
, where a great many of them were interred.Manuk-Khaloyan, Armen, "In the Cemetery of their Ancestors: The Royal Burial Tombs of the Bagratuni Kings of Greater Armenia (890-1073/79)," ''Revue des Études Arméniennes'' 35 (2013), p. 168, note 124.


Gallery

File:Haghpat - Armenia (2935022258).jpg,
Smbat II Smbat II ( hy, Սմբատ Բ Տիեզերակալ, Smbat II Master of the Universe) reigned as King of Armenia from 977 to 989. He was of the Bagratuni line of kings, and the son of Ashot III, whom he succeeded. Life Smbat was crowned king on th ...
and his brother Kiurike I depicted at the entrance to Haghpat Monastery File:Akhtala Castle (3).JPG, Akhtala fortress, built by the Kiurikians at the end of the 10th century File:Lori Berd.JPG,
Lori Lori may refer to: *Lori (given name) *Lori Province, Armenia *Lori Fortress, a fortress in Armenia *Lori Berd, a village in Armenia *Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget, a historical Armenian kingdom from c. 980 to 1240, sometimes known as the Kingdom of L ...
, the 2nd capital of the kingdom


References


See also

* Bagratid Armenia * Gugark {{DEFAULTSORT:Tashir-Dzoraget, Kingdom of Bagratid Armenia Armenian kingdoms