''Tacoma'' was a steamship that served from 1913 to 1938 on Puget Sound. Built of steel, ''Tacoma'' was known for being one of the fastest and best-designed vessels to operate on Puget Sound. ''Tacoma'' was particularly noted for high-speed service from 1913 to 1930 on the route between Tacoma and Seattle.

Design and construction

On 12 August 1912, the Puget Sound Navigation Company ("PSN'") contracted with the Seattle Construction and Drydock Company to build for them a passenger vessel which would run at a regular speed of 19 knots and which would be ready for service by 1 March 1913. PSN had decided to replace its fleet of wooden steamers with steel-built replacements, and ''Tacoma'' was intended to be the first of a new series of high-speed vessels. Tacoma was designed by James V. Paterson, the president of Seattle Construction and Drydock. ''Tacoma'' was launched on 3 May 1913. The vessel was christened by Florence Lister, daughter of the governor of Oregon. Various dignitaries were brought to the launching in another PSN vessel, the steel steamship ''Indianapolis'', with PSN President Joshua Green on board. Acceptance trials were conducted on 16 June 1913, and the vessel was found capable of 20.78 knots. Later the vessel was found to be capable of running even faster, at 21.5 knots.

Propulsion

''Tacoma'' was driven by a single

propeller A propeller (colloquially often called a screw if on a ship or an airscrew if on an aircraft) is a device with a rotating hub and radiating blades that are set at a pitch to form a helical spiral which, when rotated, exerts linear thrust upon ...

, driven by a

steam engine A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force can be trans ...

about 35 feet long. The engine was a four-cylinder,

triple-expansion A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force can be tra ...

type, which was designed to extract the maximum energy possible from the steam. Twin oil-fired Ballin water-tube boilers supplied steam at 250 pounds pressure.

Operations on Puget Sound

On 24 June 1913 ''Tacoma'' made its first regular run from Seattle to Tacoma in 77 minutes. This was a new speed record for the route. With the aid of a tug, ''Tacoma'' could be turned at the Tacoma municipal dock in 2.5 minutes, half the time it took to turn ''Indianapolis'', then the other major vessel on the route. About six months after ''Tacoma'' began on the route, command of the vessel was taken over by Capt. Everett B. Coffin, one of the most experienced steamboat captains of Puget Sound. He had commanded the famous ''Flyer'' for much of the time from 1890 to 1911 when ''Flyer'' had dominated the Seattle-Tacoma route in competition with the Puget Sound Navigation Company. ''Tacoma'' was a well-designed vessel which handled extremely well. Captain Coffin, in later years after ''Tacoma'' had been taken out of service, described the vessel in comparison to ''Flyer''.

End of regular service

''Tacoma'' continued in service until better roads and increased automobile and bus traffic between Seattle and Tacoma forced the termination of regular marine passenger between the two cities. ''Tacoma''s last run on December 15, 1930 marked the real end of commercial passenger activity for steamboats on Puget Sound. Marine historians Newell and Williamson documented the occasion: When ''Tacoma'' arrived at the dock in Tacoma harbor that last night, every ship in the port blew three blasts on their whistles as a salute. Andrew Foss, owner of the great Foss tug concern, sent ''Foss No. 17'' to help ''Tacoma'' make the landing, even though it had been two years since ''Tacoma'' could afford a tug. Departing that last time on her return to Seattle, ''Tacoma'' passed the hull of the ''Greyhound'', once the fastest boat on the Sound and now, minus her upper works, engines and sternwheel, in service as a mudscow.Gordon and Williamson, at 131

Last years

''Tacoma'' was still a sound vessel, and from time to time was placed on excursion runs or on the Seattle to Victoria. When the Puget Sound Navigation Company brought the streamlined ferry '' Kalakala'' on to the Seattle-Bremerton route, the mechanical problems of ''Kalakala'' required that ''Tacoma'' escort the ferry on the first run west across the Sound to Bremerton. During the westbound trip, to avoid embarrassing the owners, who had billed ''Kalakala'' as the fast ferry on the sound, ''Tacoma'' was restricted to running at ''Kalakala''s maximum speed, about 17 knots. On the return, however, made by ''Tacoma'' alone without ''Kalakala'', Captain Coffin ran ''Tacoma'' at top speed, which set a speed record for the trip. Captain Coffin recalled the Tacoma's later years:

Sold for scrap

In October 1938, Puget Sound Navigation company sold ''Tacoma'', and a number of other vessels, to Seattle Iron and Metals Corporation, for scrapping.

Notes

References

* Kline, Mary S., and Bayless, George A., ''Ferryboats - A Legend on Puget Sound'', Bayless Books, Seattle, WA 1983 * Newell, Gordon R., ''H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest'', Superior Publishing, Seattle WA 1966 * Newell, Gordon R., ''Ships of the Inland Sea'', Binford and Mort, Portland, OR (2d Ed. 1960)

External links

''Tacoma'', at EvergreenFleet.com
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tacoma (Steamship) Steamboats of Washington (state) Propeller-driven steamboats of Washington (state) Passenger ships of the United States