The national symbols of Bangladesh consist of symbols to represent

Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...

i traditions and ideals that reflect the different aspects of the cultural life and history. Bangladesh has several official national symbols including a historic document, a flag, an emblem, an anthem, memorial towers as well as several national heroes. There are also several other symbols including the national animal, bird, flower and tree.

Flag

Emblem

Government seal

Musical nationalism

National anthem

''Amar Sonar Bangla'' (, "To Love, To Sound, Bengal ") is song written and composed by the

Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...

poet

Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...

, the first ten lines of which were adopted in 1972 as the

national anthem A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and Europea ...

. The song was written in 1905 during the period of ''Bônggôbhônggô'' (

Partition of Bengal (1905) The first Partition of Bengal (1905) was a territorial reorganization of the Bengal Presidency implemented by the authorities of the British Raj. The reorganization separated the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western are ...

) – when the ruling British empire had the province of

Bengal Bengal ( ; bn, বাংলা/বঙ্গ, translit=Bānglā/Bôngô, ) is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal, predom ...

split into two parts. This song, along with a host of others, was written by Tagore, a pioneer of the cultural and political movement against this partition. These songs were meant to rekindle the unified spirit of Bengal, to raise public consciousness against the communal political divide. The lyrics first appeared in the September issues of "

Bongodorshon ''Bangadarshan'' ( bn, বঙ্গদর্শন) was a Bengali literary magazine, founded by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in 1872, and resuscitated in 1901 under the editorship of Rabindranath Tagore. The magazine had a defining influence on th ...

" and "Baul" simultaneously, in 1905. It is said that the music of this song was inspired by the

Baul The Baul ( bn, বাউল) are a group of mystic minstrels of mixed elements of Sufism, Vaishnavism and Tantra from Bangladesh and the neighboring Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam's Barak Valley and Meghalaya. Bauls cons ...

singer

Gagan Harkara Gaganchandra Dam ( bn, গগনচন্দ্র দাম; 1845–1910), mostly known as Gagan Harkara ( bn, গগন হরকরা), was a Bengali Baul poet after the tune of whose famous song " Ami Kothay Pabo Tare" (কোথায় � ...

's song "''

Ami Kothay Pabo Tare ''Ami Kothay Pabo Tare'' ( bn, আমি কোথায় পাবো তারে, "Where shall I meet him") is a Bengali song whose lyrics and tune were written by Baul singer Gagan Harkara The melody of the hymn ''Amar Sonar Bangla'', nationa ...

''". The instrumental orchestra rendition was composed by

Samar Das Samar Das ( bn, সমর দাস) (10 December 1925 – 25 September 2001) was a Bangladeshi musician and composer. He became one of the most important music directors in Pakistan and subsequently Bangladesh and was the composer of over 2, ...

. The English translation was done by

Syed Ali Ahsan Syed Ali Ahsan ( bn, সৈয়দ আলী আহসান; 26 March 1922 – 25 June 2002) was a Bangladeshi poet, writer and university academic. He was awarded Ekushey Padak (1982) and Independence Day Award (1987) by the Government of Bang ...

National march

Notuner Gaan ( bn, নতুনের গান, Natunēra gāna) is the national march ( bn, রণ-সঙ্গীত) of Bangladesh. This song is written by

Kazi Nazrul Islam , pseudonym = bn, ধূমকেতু, Dhūmketu , image = Nazrul.jpg , image_size = , caption = Nazrul in Chittagong, 1926 , birth_date = 11 ''Joiṣṭhyô'', 1306 '' Bônggabdô ...

, the national

poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems ( oral or wri ...

of Bangladesh (also known as 'rebel poet'), in 1929. This song belongs to his famous book titled as ''The Evening'' (Sôndhya: ).

Nazrul , pseudonym = bn, ধূমকেতু, Dhūmketu , image = Nazrul.jpg , image_size = , caption = Nazrul in Chittagong, 1926 , birth_date = 11 ''Joiṣṭhyô'', 1306 '' Bônggabdô ...

is the musician of the song too. On 13 January 1972, the ministry of Bangladesh has adopted this song as a ''national marching song'' on its first meeting after the country's independence. At any military ceremony or function, first 21 lines of the

song A song is a musical composition intended to be performed by the human voice. This is often done at distinct and fixed pitches (melodies) using patterns of sound and silence. Songs contain various forms, such as those including the repetit ...

is being played. It is also known as the national military song of Bangladesh.

Honours song

Ekusher Gaan ( bn, একুশের গান "The Song of Twentyfirst"), more popularly known (after its first line) as ''Amar Bhaier Rokte Rangano'' ( bn, আমার ভাইয়ের রক্তে রাঙানো "My Brothers' Blood Spattered") is a Bengali song written by

Abdul Gaffar Choudhury Abdul Gaffar Choudhury (12 December 1934 – 19 May 2022) was a Bangladeshi-born British writer, journalist, columnist, political analyst and poet. He wrote the lyrics to "Amar Bhaier Rokte Rangano", a widely celebrated song commemorating the ...

to mark the Bengali Language Movement in 1952

East Pakistan East Pakistan was a Pakistani province established in 1955 by the One Unit Policy, renaming the province as such from East Bengal, which, in modern times, is split between India and Bangladesh. Its land borders were with India and Myanmar, wi ...

. It was first published anonymously in the last page of a newspaper with the headline ''Ekusher Gaan'', but was later published in ''Ekushey''s February edition. The song is often recognized as the most influential song of the language movement, reminding numerous Bangladeshis about the conflicts of 1952. Every 21 February sees people from all parts of the Bangladesh heading to the Shaheed Minar in the ''probhat feri'', a barefoot march to the monument, paying homage to those killed in the language movement demonstrations by singing this song. It is regarded by the listeners of

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...

Flag

Emblem

Government seal

Musical nationalism

National anthem

National march

Honours song

Flora and fauna

National monuments and memorials

Shaheed Minar

National Martyrs’ Memorial

Martyred Intellectuals Memorial

Independence Monument

Other national and official symbols

References