Svinøy Lighthouse ( no, Svinøy fyrstasjon) is a fully automated lighthouse situated on the island of Svinøy in the sea off the Stad peninsula. It is located in the municipality of Herøy in Møre og Romsdal county, on the western coast of

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the ...

. The island lies within sight of the mainland and it is from the nearest island. The island of Skorpa (in Sande) is located about to the east. The island is east to west and north to south. The island rises out of the sea and is exposed to severe climatic conditions year round.

History

Travel accounts from the 18th century tell that local farmers would put pigs out to pasture on the island during the summer, hence the name ''Svinøy'' ( en, swine island); this oral tradition was confirmed by a historian in 1931, but it seems likely that goats were put on the island in the summer. A lighthouse commission of 1851 recommended placing a lighthouse on Svinøy but found conditions too difficult to implement such plans. As an interim measure, a marker was placed on the island. The plans for a full lighthouse were realized in the following decades, and on 1 September 1905, the lighthouse was finished and lit, with further construction finished the following year. Quarters for several families were built, but the isolated island was never a popular station. At the peak, three families lived on the island, growing vegetable gardens and employing a tutor for their children. During

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

, German troops were stationed at the lighthouse, and in 1940, Allied bomb raids put the light out of commission. It was repaired after the war and reopened in 1946. By 1952, it became apparent that no crew were willing to be permanently stationed on the island. A crew of four was stationed there in a shift arrangement, and the shift arrangements eased in 1970 when helicopters were used to ferry staff and supplies between the island and the mainland. In addition to lighthouse duties, the staff also conducted meteorological measurements on an ongoing basis. At one time, goats were brought onto the island to provide a hobby for the inhabitants. On the 100th anniversary of the original lighting of the firehouse, the island was depopulated as the light was fully automated. Although many of the original buildings have been torn down, the station still includes several buildings and can now sleep 10 in comfortable but modest circumstances. Since 2005 the company ''62 Nord'' has offered overnight arrangements for small groups.

Flora and fauna

Botanic surveys of the island were conducted in 1928 and 2005. The plant diversity had increased in the intervening years, possibly due to weeds being imported when inhabitants planted vegetable gardens. Wind and salt spray limit the natural vegetation to lichen (''

Xanthoria parietina ''Xanthoria parietina'' is a foliose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has wide distribution, and many common names such as common orange lichen, yellow scale, maritime sunburst lichen and shore lichen. It can be found near the shore on ...

'' and ''

Ramalina ''Ramalina'' is a genus of greenish fruticose lichens that grow in the form of flattened, strap-like branches. Members of the genus are commonly called strap lichensField Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 20 ...

cuspidata'') and grasses (''

Armeria maritima ''Armeria maritima'', the thrift, sea thrift or sea pink, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. It is a compact evergreen perennial which grows in low clumps and sends up long stems that support globes of bright pink flow ...

'' and more). Located about southwest of the renowned bird island of Runde, Svinøy also attracts a rich diversity of birds, including puffins.

Climate

Weather conditions have been measured since 1955, and currently the island has an automated weather station under the

Norwegian Coastal Administration Norwegian Coastal Administration ( no, Kystverket) is a Norwegian government agency responsible for the water transport infrastructure along the 9,200 km Coast of Norway. It is responsible for coastal navigation infrastructure, pilotage a ...

. The climate on the island is typically coastal, with precipitation of about a year, somewhat less than what is typical on Norway's western coast. Precipitation measurements are complicated by high winds and sea spray. The island ties for the Norwegian record for sustained winds, at ; with gusts considerably higher. Waves are known to wash over the entire island. So difficult are landing conditions that the island has no piers. There are three landing sites on different sides of the island, and on one, a crane pulls boats out of the water. A boathouse built in 1905 lasted only one year before it was claimed by the sea and rebuilt in concrete well above sea level the year after.

References

External links

62 Nord description of the lighthouse

Article on closure of the lighthouse by Kystverket

100th Anniversary publication by Kystverket

Norsk Fyrhistorisk Forening
{{DEFAULTSORT:Svinoy Fyrstasjon Lighthouses completed in 1905 Lighthouses in Møre og Romsdal Sunnmøre 1905 establishments in Norway

History

Flora and fauna

Climate

See also

References

External links