Strongoli is a ''

comune The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...

'' and

town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an o ...

with a population of over 6000 people in the

province of Crotone The province of Crotone ( it, provincia di Crotone) is a province in the Calabria region of southern Italy. It was formed in 1992 out of a section of the province of Catanzaro. The provincial capital is the city of Crotone. It borders the province ...

, in

Calabria , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demographics1_title2 ...

, southernmost

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

History

In Antiquity, Strongoli was the site of

Petelia Petilia or Petelia ( grc, Πετηλία) was a city name found in some ancient works of classical antiquity. It's widely accepted that in antiquity there were two cities with this name, both located in Southern Italy. One of them, Petilia, was ...

, said to have been founded by

Philoctetes Philoctetes ( grc, Φιλοκτήτης ''Philoktētēs''; English pronunciation: , stressed on the third syllable, ''-tet-''), or Philocthetes, according to Greek mythology, was the son of Poeas, king of Meliboea in Thessaly, and Demonassa ...

. It is the birthplace of Italian baroque composer

Leonardo Vinci Leonardo Vinci (1690 – 27 May 1730) was an Italian composer known chiefly for his 40 or so operas; comparatively little of his work in other genres survives. A central proponent of the Neapolitan School of opera, his influence on subsequ ...

Ecclesiastical History

Some historians claim that Ancient

already was a bishopric, established perhaps in 546 or then adopting the city's new medieval name Strongoli, but without solid evidence, and the see in never mentioned in the Byzantine imperial ''Notitia Episcopatuum'' of the Patriarchate of Constantinople, which most dioceses in Calabria belonged to in the 9th till 11th centuries, so its foundation may rather date from the Normans, probably late 12th century. The first historical record of the Diocese of Strongoli (Curiate Italian) / Strongulen(sis) (Latin adjective) is a papal bulla from

Pope Lucius III Pope Lucius III (c. 1097 – 25 November 1185), born Ubaldo Allucingoli, reigned from 1 September 1181 to his death in 1185. Born of an aristocratic family of Lucca, prior to being elected pope, he had a long career as a papal diplomat. His pa ...

in 1183, naming it among the suffragans of the

Archdiocese of Santa Severina The archdiocese of Santa Severina was a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in Calabria, southern Italy, that existed until 1986. In that year it was united into the diocese of Crotone, forming the Archdiocese of Crotone-Santa Severina.

(while confirming the Metropolitan's privileges). The tiny bishopric, comprising solely the municipality of Strongoli, was confined by the Ionian Seaa, Diocese of Crotone (separated by the river Neto), the Diocese of Umbriatico and its Metropolitan, the

. Its

Cathedral A cathedral is a church that contains the ''cathedra'' () of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, conference, or episcopate. Churches with the function of "cathedral" are usually specific to those Christian denominations ...

was the Church of Peter and Paul (chiesa dei Santi Pietro e Paolo), the episcopal city's only parish. Yet between the 14th and 16th centuries, the diocese harbored a monastery of the

Conventual Friars Minor The Order of Friars Minor Conventual (OFM Conv) is a male religious fraternity in the Roman Catholic Church that is a branch of the Franciscans. The friars in OFM CONV are also known as Conventual Franciscans, or Minorites. Dating back to ...

(Santa Maria delle Grazie), an Augustinian convent (Santa Maria del Popolo), a Capuchin monastery (San Francesco d'Assisi) and some fifteen churches and chapels.http://www.archiviostoricocrotone.it/chiese-e-castelli/notizie-su-alcuni-luoghi-religiosi-in-territorio-di-strongoli/ ''Notizie su alcuni luoghi religiosi in territorio di Strongoli'' on the website of Crotone's historical archive On 1818.06.27 the see was suppressed, its territory being merged into the then

Diocese of Cariati The Italian Catholic diocese of Cariati, in Calabria, existed until 1979. In that year it was united into the archdiocese of Rossano-Cariati. The diocese was a suffragan of the archdiocese of Santa Severina, and then of the archdiocese of Reggio ...

Residential Ordinaries

(all

Roman Rite The Roman Rite ( la, Ritus Romanus) is the primary liturgical rite of the Latin Church, the largest of the ''sui iuris'' particular churches that comprise the Catholic Church. It developed in the Latin language in the city of Rome and, while di ...

) :incomplete : first centuries lacking ;''Suffragan Bishops of Strongoli'' * Madio ? (mentioned in 1178) * Ireneo =Irenaeus (il 1179) * Anonimous (bishop(s?) (mentioned in 1215; in 1219; in 1223) * Wiliam = Guglielmo (in 1246) * Peter = Pietro I,

Benedictine Order , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , foun ...

(O.S.B.) (30 January 1255 - 1266/1267) 0* Johannes = Giovanni (fl. June 1284 - April 1286) : TO ELABORATE from the Italian Wiki * Ruggero (1282 – 1290.11.11), next Bishop of Rapolla (Italy) (1290.11.11 – 1305) * Francesco (1291 – death 1297) * Uguccio,

Dominican Order The Order of Preachers ( la, Ordo Praedicatorum) abbreviated OP, also known as the Dominicans, is a Catholic mendicant order of Pontifical Right for men founded in Toulouse, France, by the Spanish priest, saint and mystic Dominic of ...

(O.P.) (1297.03.18 – ?) * Simone (? – ?) * Ruggero (1322? – ?) * Pietro (1330.09.10 – 1342) * Tommaso de Rosa, ?Conventual Friars Minor (O.F.M.) (1342.11.13 – death 1351) * Alamanno (1351.05.30 – ?) * Pietro (? – ?) * Raimondo (? – ?) * Paolo de’ Medici, ?Conventual O.F.M. (1374.07.14 – ?) * Vito (1375.09.27 – 1385.04.28); next ''uncanonical Bishop of

Tricarico Tricarico ( nap, label= Lucano, Trëcàrëchë ; ) is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Matera, Basilicata, southern Italy. It is home to one of the best preserved medieval historical centres in Lucania. Etymology The origin of the nam ...

(Italy) (1385.04.28 – 1399.11)'', then canonical Bishop of Tricarico (Italy) (1399.11 – death 1403) * Antonio (1389.06.18 – ?) * Giacomo (1400.04.28 – 1402.10.09), previously Bishop of

Anglona Anglona is a historical region of northern Sardinia, Italy. Its main center is Castelsardo. Geography Anglona is bounded by the sea northwards, from east by the Coghinas river, from south by Monte Sassu and from west by the Silis River and ...

(1399.05.17 – 1400.04.28); later Bishop of

Ales Ales may refer to: Places * Alès, a town and commune in southern France * Ales, Sardinia, a small town in the province of Oristano on Sardinia in Italy People with the surname * Alexander Ales (1500–1565), Scottish theologian * Mikoláš Ale ...

(Italy) (1402.10.09 – 1403.08.03), Bishop of

Lavello Lavello ( Potentino: ) is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Potenza, in the region of Basilicata of southern Italy; it is located in the middle Ofanto valley. History The area of Lavello was settled in prehistoric times, as attested by f ...

(1403.08.03 – ?) * Pietro (1407.07.23 – death 1413) * Antonio de Podio (1418.03.09 – 1429.12.23), previously ''uncanonical Bishop of

Bosa Bosa is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Oristano (until May 2005 it was in the province of Nuoro), part of the Sardinia region of Italy. Bosa is situated about two-thirds of the way up the west coast of Sardinia, on a small hill, abo ...

(Italy) (1410.05.23 – 1418.03.09)''; later Metropolitan Archbishop of

Santa Severina Santa Severina is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Crotone, in the Calabria region of southern Italy. Name The name derives from ancient Siberine (῾Αγία Σεβερίνη, Σεβεριάνη). There is no saint named Severina in the ...

(Italy) (1429.12.23 – death 1453) * Tommaso Rossi (1429.12.23 – death 1433), previously Bishop of Cerenzia (1420.12.23 – 1429.05.18), Bishop of

Oppido Mamertina Oppido Mamertina ( el, label=Calabrian Greek, script=Latn, Oppidù, ) is a town and '' comune'' of the province of Reggio Calabria in Calabria in southern Italy at about northeast of Reggio Calabria and about southwest of Catanzaro. It is the ...

(Italy) (1429.05.18 – 1429.12.23) * Domenico Rossi (1433.12.14 – death 1470) * Nicola Balestrari (1470.03.11 – ?) * Giovanni di Castello (1479.04.21 – 1486.05.10), next Bishop of

Carinola Carinola is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located c. northwest of Naples, c. northwest of Caserta, and c. southeast of Rome. Carinola borders the following municipalities: Falciano del ...

(Italy) (1486.05.10 – death 1501?) * Giovanni Antonio Gotti (1486.05.10 – ?) * Girolamo Lusco (1496.12.02 – death 1509) * Gaspare de Murgiis (1509.11.21 – ?) **''

Apostolic Administrator An Apostolic administration in the Catholic Church is administrated by a prelate appointed by the pope to serve as the ordinary for a specific area. Either the area is not yet a diocese (a stable 'pre-diocesan', usually missionary apostolic adm ...

Cardinal Girolamo Grimaldi (1534.05.10 – 1535.11.15), while

Cardinal-Deacon A cardinal ( la, Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis, literally 'cardinal of the Holy Roman Church') is a senior member of the clergy of the Catholic Church. Cardinals are created by the ruling pope and typically hold the title for life. Col ...

of S. Giorgio in Velabro (1528.04.27 – 1543.11.27), Apostolic Administrator of Diocese of Brugnato (Italy) (1528.09.25 – 1535.06.06), Apostolic Administrator of Diocese of Venafro (Italy) (1528.10.09 – 1536.06.02), Apostolic Administrator of Archdiocese of Bari e Canosa (Italy) (1530.09.02 – 1540.08.20); later Apostolic Administrator of Diocese of Albenga (Italy) (1538.11.15 – 1543.11.27) * Pietro Ranieri (1535.11.15 – ?) * Girolamo Zacconi (1541.05.20 – 1558.06.15) * Matteo Zacconi (1558.06.15 – death 1565) * Tommaso Orsini (1566.08.15 – 1568.01.23), next Bishop of

Foligno Foligno (; Southern Umbrian: ''Fuligno'') is an ancient town of Italy in the province of Perugia in east central Umbria, on the Topino river where it leaves the Apennines and enters the wide plain of the Clitunno river system. It is located sou ...

(Italy) (1568.01.23 – 1576.01.25) * Timoteo Giustiniani,

(O.P.) (1568.04.05 – death 1571); previously last Bishop of Ario (Crete, insular Greece) (1550.06.27 – 1551.10.05), first Bishop of Retimo–Ario (Crete, insular Greece) (1551.10.05 – 1564.04.15), Bishop of

Chios Chios (; el, Χίος, Chíos , traditionally known as Scio in English) is the fifth largest Greek island, situated in the northern Aegean Sea. The island is separated from Turkey by the Chios Strait. Chios is notable for its exports of mast ...

(insular Greece) (1564.04.15 – 1568.04.05) * Gregorio Forbicini (1572.01.23 – death 1579) * Rinaldo Corso (1579.08.03 – death 1582) * Domenico Petrucci (1582.04.27 – 1584.07.23), next Bishop of Bisignano (Italy) (1584.07.23 – death 1598) * Giovanni Luigi Marescotti (1585.01.14 – death 1587.01.03) * Claudio Marescotti,

Benedictine Confederation The Benedictine Confederation of the Order of Saint Benedict ( la, Confœderatio Benedictina Ordinis Sancti Benedicti) is the international governing body of the Order of Saint Benedict. Origin The Benedictine Confederation is a union of monasti ...

(O.S.B.) (1587.02.18 – death 1590.02.24) * Claudio Vico (1590.03.21 – ?) * Marcello Lorenzi (1600.01.31 – death 1601) * Sebastiano Ghislieri (1601.04.30 – death 1627.10.02) * ''

Archbishop-bishop In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdio ...

'' Bernardino Piccoli (1627.10.02 – death 1636), succeeding as former

Titular Archbishop A titular bishop in various churches is a bishop who is not in charge of a diocese. By definition, a bishop is an "overseer" of a community of the faithful, so when a priest is ordained a bishop, the tradition of the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox an ...

of Nicæa (1621.12.15 – 1627.10.02) and

Coadjutor Bishop A coadjutor bishop (or bishop coadjutor) is a bishop in the Catholic, Anglican, and (historically) Eastern Orthodox churches whose main role is to assist the diocesan bishop in the administration of the diocese. The coadjutor (literally, "co- ...

of Strongoli (1621.12.15 – 1627.10.02) * Sallustio Bartoli (1636.11.10 – death 1637.05) * Giulio Diotallevi (1637.12.14 – death 1638.09) * Carlo Diotallevi (1639.05.02 – death 1652.03) * Martino Denti de’ Cipriani,

Barnabites , image = Barnabites.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = One version of the Barnabite logo. "P.A." refers to Paul the Apostle and the three hills symbolize the vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. , a ...

(B.) (1652.08.26 – death 1655) * Biagio Mazzella, O.P. (1655.10.25 – 1663.02.26), next Bishop of

Sant’Agata de’ Goti Sant'Agata de' Goti is a '' comune'' (municipality) and former Catholic bishopric in the Province of Benevento in the Italian region Campania, located about 35 km northeast of Naples and about 25 km west of Benevento near the Monte Tabu ...

(Italy) (1663.02.26 – death 1664) * Antonio Maria Camalda (1663.07.02 – death 1690.12) * Giovanni Battista Carrone (1691.12.19 – death 1706.04) * Domenico Marzano (1719.03.28 – 1735.07.27), next Bishop of Bova (Italy) (1735.07.27 – death 1752) * Gaetano de Arco (1736 – 1741.03.06), next Bishop of

Nusco Nusco (Irpino: ) is a town and '' comune'' in the province of Avellino (Campania region) in the south of Italy, east of Naples, with c. 4,100 inhabitants. It is situated in the mountains between the valleys of the Calore Irpino and Ofanto Rive ...

(Italy) (1741.03.06 – death 1753.05.25) * Ferdinando Mandarani (1741.07.31 – 1748.01.29), next Bishop of

(Italy) (1748.01.29 – 1769.11.09) * Domenico Morelli (1748.01.29 – death 1793?) * Pasquale Petruccelli (1793.06.17 – death 1796?98) *''Sede vacante (1798 - see suppressed 1818)

Titular see

The diocese was nominally restored in 1969 as

Titular bishopric A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbish ...

of Strongoli (Italian) / Strongulen(sis) (Latin adjective). It has had the following incumbents, so far of the fitting Episcopal (lowest) rank : * Nicolaas Verhoeven, Sacred Heart Missionaries (M.S.C.) (1969.06.26 – resigned 1976.09.15) as emeritate, died 1981; previously

Titular Bishop A titular bishop in various churches is a bishop who is not in charge of a diocese. By definition, a bishop is an "overseer" of a community of the faithful, so when a priest is ordained a bishop, the tradition of the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox a ...

of Hermonthis (1947.03.13 – 1961.01.03) as last

Apostolic Vicar Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles *Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Chur ...

Manado Manado () is the capital city of the Indonesian province of North Sulawesi. It is the second largest city in Sulawesi after Makassar, with the 2020 Census giving a population of 451,916 distributed over a land area of 162.53 km2.Badan Pusa ...

(

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Gui ...

) (1947.03.13 – 1961.01.03), (see) promoted first Bishop of

(Indonesia) (1961.01.03 – 1969.06.26) * Olavio López Duque, Augustinian Recollects (O.A.R.) (1977.05.30 – death 2013.06.11) as Apostolic Vicar of Casanare (

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the ...

) (1977.05.30 – 1999.10.29), as

of Diocese of Yopal (Colombia) (1999.10.29 – 2001.06.22) and on emeritate * Barthol Barretto (2016.12.20 – ...), Auxiliary Bishop of

Archdiocese of Bombay The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay is a particular church celebrating the Latin Rite of worship, centred in the Bombay (Mumbai) city of the northern Konkan division of Maharashtra, India. The archdiocese has been a Metropolitan see since ...

(

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ...

) (2016.12.20 – ...).

Economy

Strongoli relies on the production of

oil An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) & lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturated ...

wine Wine is an alcoholic drink typically made from Fermentation in winemaking, fermented grapes. Yeast in winemaking, Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Different ...

cereal A cereal is any grass cultivated for the edible components of its grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis), composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran. Cereal grain crops are grown in greater quantities and provide more food ...

citrus ''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. The genus ''Citrus'' is native to ...

es and intensive

cattle Cattle (''Bos taurus'') are large, domesticated, cloven-hooved, herbivores. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus '' Bos''. Adult females are referred to as cows and adult ...

breeding.

References

Sources and external links

GCatholic

Beweb - Rossano-Cariati diocese
; Bibliography * Ferdinando Ughelli, ''Italia sacra'', vol. IX, second edition, Venice 1721, coll. 516-525 * Vincenzio d'Avino, ''Cenni storici sulle chiese arcivescovili, vescovili e prelatizie (nullius) del Regno delle Due Sicilie'', Naples 1848, pp. 141–142 * Giuseppe Cappelletti, ''Le chiese d'Italia della loro origine sino ai nostri giorni'', vol. XXI, Venice 1870, pp. 263–267 * Domenico Taccone-Gallucci, ''Regesti dei Romani Pontefici per le chiese della Calabria'', Rome 1902, pp. 446–447 * Andrea Pesavento, ''La chiesa dei SS. Pietro e Paolo di Strongoli da Cattedrale a Collegiata'', published in La Provincia KR nr. 8-10/1998 * Paul Fridolin Kehr, ''Italia Pontificia'', X, Berlin 1975, p. 135 * Norbert Kamp, ''Kirche und Monarchie im staufischen Königreich Sizilien, vol 2, Prosopographische Grundlegung: Bistümer und Bischöfe des Königreichs 1194 - 1266; Apulien und Kalabrien'', Monaco 1975, pp. 908–910 * Pius Bonifacius Gams, ''Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae'', Leipzig 1931, pp. 927–928 * Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. 1, p. 465; vol. 2, p. 242; vol. 3, pp. 304–305; vol. 4, p. 323; vol. 5, p. 364; vol. 6, p. 387 * Bulla ''De utiliori'', in ''Bullarii romani continuatio'', Vol. XV, Rome 1853, pp. 56–61 {{authority control

Strongoli Strongoli is a ''comune'' and town with a population of over 6000 people in the province of Crotone, in Calabria, southernmost Italy. History In Antiquity, Strongoli was the site of Petelia, said to have been founded by Philoctetes. It is the ...