Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...

is a federal republic consisting of six federal states, including Somaliland, as well as the Banadir Regional Administration. Somalia is further subdivided into Eighteen administrative regions (''gobollada'', singular ''gobol''), which are in turn subdivided into districts.

History

Puntland is an autonomous state in the northeast of Somalia that was formed in 1998.

Galmudug Galmudug ( ar, جلمدج; it, Galmudugh), officially Galmudug State of Somalia ( so, Dowlad Goboleedka Galmudug ee Soomaaliya), is a Federal Member State in central Somalia, with its capital at Dhusamareb. It is bordered to the north by the Pu ...

is a federal state in central Somalia. Jubaland is a federal state in the south of Somalia. In November 2014, the South West State of Somalia was established as a Somali federal state. In October 2016, a formation conference was launched in order to form the Hirshabelle State as a Somali federal state. The Federal Parliament is tasked with selecting the ultimate number and boundaries of the autonomous regional states (officially, ''Federal Member States'') within the Federal Republic of Somalia. To this end, the legislature in December 2014 passed a law establishing the Boundary and Federalization Commission. The body is mandated with determining the boundaries of the country's constituent Federal Member States, as well as arbitrating between these regional states on their respective jurisdiction.

Federal member states

As of 2016, Somalia is officially divided into 6 federal member states, including the claimed but uncontrolled Somaliland:http://somalireview.com/2016/10/somalias-regional-states-submit-upper-house-nominations/ *

Area 78k.km² * Hirshabelle 120k.km² * Jubaland 110k.km² * Puntland212k.km² *

South West The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each sep ...

98k.km² * Somaliland198k.km²

Regions

President of Somalia Mohamed Siad Barre established five of these regions in 1974–75 for political reasons: Middle Juba, Lower Juba,

Gedo Gedo ( so, Gedo, Maay: ''Gethy'', ar, جيذو, it, Ghedo or ''Ghedu'') is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in Jubaland, southern Somalia. Its regional capital is Garbahaarreey. It was created in 1974 and is bordered by the Ogaden in E ...

Bay A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a gulf, sea, sound, or bight. A cove is a small, circular bay with a na ...

, and Bakool; Banaadir shrank to Mogadishu city only at the same time. Below are the regions of Somalia, along with their capitals shown in brackets: * Bakool ( Hudur) * Banadir ( Mogadisho) * Bari ( Bosaso) *

( Baidoa) * Galgaduud ( Dhusamareb) *

( Garbahaarreey) * Hiiraan ( Beledweyn) * Lower Juba (

Kismayo Kismayo ( so, Kismaayo, Maay: ''Kismanyy'', ar, كيسمايو, ; it, Chisimaio) is a port city in the southern Lower Juba (Jubbada Hoose) province of Somalia. It is the commercial capital of the autonomous Jubaland region. The city is situat ...

) * Lower Shabelle ( Merca) – established in 1984 * Middle Juba (

Bu'ale Bu'ale ( so, Bu'aale, Maay: ''Bu'aaly'') is a town in the Middle Juba region of Somalia. It is the capital of the Bu'aale District as well as the de jure capital of the Jubaland State region, situated in the southern Jubba River valley. Bu'ale is ...

) * Middle Shebelle ( Jowhar) *

Mudug Mudug ( so, Mudug; it, Mudugh) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in north-central Somalia. The population of Mudug is 131,455 as of 2005. Overview Physiographically, Mudug is bordered to the west by Ethiopia,Országismertető - Szomália ...

( Galkayo) * Nugal ( Garowe)

Somaliland

Somaliland functions as a ''

de facto ''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with '' de jure'' ("by l ...

'' state that is located in the north of

, adjacent to the Federal Republic of Somalia, which claims Somaliland as Federal Government of Somalia. Somaliland does not have full diplomatic relations with any other country. According to Somalia, Somaliland comprises the northwestern portion of its territory and around 13.6% of its total claimed territory. Most countries worldwide recognize Somaliland as a breakaway or autonomous region of Somalia. In reality, Somalia has no effective control over Somaliland.

References

{{States of Somalia /ref> Subdivisions of Somalia Somalia, States and regions Somalia geography-related lists

History

Federal member states

Regions

Somaliland

See also

References