A state fair is an annual competitive and recreational gathering of a

U.S. state In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its sover ...

's population, usually held in late summer or early fall. It is a larger version of a

county fair An agricultural show is a public event exhibiting the equipment, animals, sports and recreation associated with agriculture and animal husbandry. The largest comprise a livestock show (a judged event or display in which breeding stock is exhibit ...

, often including only exhibits or competitors that have won in their categories at the more-local county fairs. State fairs began in the nineteenth century for the purpose of promoting state

agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...

, through competitive exhibitions of

livestock Livestock are the domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to provide labor and produce diversified products for consumption such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool. The term is sometimes used to refer solely to animals ...

and display of

farm A farm (also called an agricultural holding) is an area of land that is devoted primarily to agricultural processes with the primary objective of producing food and other crops; it is the basic facility in food production. The name is used fo ...

products. As the U.S. evolved from a predominantly agrarian to an

industrial society In sociology, industrial society is a society driven by the use of technology and machinery to enable mass production, supporting a large population with a high capacity for division of labour. Such a structure developed in the Western world i ...

in the twentieth century, and the more

service economy Service economy can refer to one or both of two recent economic developments: * The increased importance of the service sector in industrialized economies. The current list of Fortune 500 companies contains more service companies and fewer ma ...

of the 21st century, modern state fairs have expanded to include

carnival Carnival is a Catholic Christian festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent. The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent). Carnival typi ...

amusement rides and games, display of industrial products, automobile racing, and entertainment such as musical concerts. Large fairs can admit more than a million visitors over the course of a week or two. The first U.S. state fair was that of

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

, held in 1841 in Syracuse, and has been held annually to the present year. The second state fair was in

Detroit, Michigan Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at ...

, which ran from 1849 to 2009. Events similar to state fairs are also held annually in each state capital in

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

, known as royal shows. Australian royal shows are organized by state agricultural and horticultural societies, and are described further in the

agricultural show An agricultural show is a public event exhibiting the equipment, animals, sports and recreation associated with agriculture and animal husbandry. The largest comprise a livestock show (a judged event or display in which selective breeding, breed ...

article.

List of state fairs

United States

;Notes

State fair police departments

Several state fairs maintain their own police departments, including: * California Exposition and State Fair Police * Iowa State Fair Police *

Minnesota State Fair Police Department The Minnesota State Fair is the state fair of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Also known by its slogan, "The Great Minnesota Get-Together", it is the largest state fair in the United States by average daily attendance and the second-largest state fa ...

Wisconsin State Fair Park Police Department The Wisconsin State Fair Park is a fairgrounds and exhibition center in West Allis, Wisconsin, a suburb west of Milwaukee. It has been the location of the Wisconsin State Fair since 1892. The fairgrounds are open year-round, hosting various exped ...

Provincial exhibitions in Canada

A few annual exhibitions in the summer in Canada are similar to state fairs in the United States:

Awards

State and county fairs are famous for a variety of competitions that award ''ribbons''. Awards are generally given according to the following scale: * First place – blue ribbon * Second place – red ribbon * Third place – white ribbon * Fourth place – yellow ribbon * Fifth place – green ribbon * Sixth place – orange ribbon *Seventh place – purple ribbon *Eighth place – brown ribbon

Attendance

As of 2019, the largest attendance at a state fair in the USA is in Texas with the fair having attracted 2,514,637 visitors. The largest average per day attendance is at the Minnesota State Fair averaging just under 200,000 people per day.

References

{{Authority control American culture Canadian culture Annual fairs Annual events in the United States