Stará Červená Voda (german: Alt Rothwasser) is a municipality and village in Jeseník District in the

Olomouc Region Olomouc Region ( cs, Olomoucký kraj; , ; pl, Kraj ołomuniecki) is an administrative unit ( cs, kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (''Morava'') and in a small part of t ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

. It has about 600 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

The village of Nová Červená Voda is an administrative part of Stará Červená Voda.

Geography

Stará Červená Voda is located about north of

Jeseník Jeseník (; until 1947 Frývaldov (); german: Freiwaldau, pl, Frywałdów) is a spa town in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 11,000 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages of Bukovice and Dětřichov are administrative ...

and north of

Olomouc Olomouc (, , ; german: Olmütz; pl, Ołomuniec ; la, Olomucium or ''Iuliomontium'') is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 99,000 inhabitants, and its larger urban zone has a population of about 384,000 inhabitants (2019). Located on t ...

, on the border with

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

. The northern part of the municipality with the built-up area lies in the Žulová Hilly Land. The southern forested part belongs to the Golden Mountains. The highest point is the Sokolí vrch mountain at above sea level.

History

The first written mention of Stará Červená Voda is in a deed from 1291, which described the situation in 1266. It was then part of the Duchy of Nysa within fragmented

Piast The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 930–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of king Casimir III the Great. Branche ...

-ruled Poland. Later on, along with the Duchy of Nysa, it passed under Bohemian suzerainty, and following the duchy's dissolution in 1850, it was incorporated directly into Bohemia. Following

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, from 1918, it formed part of

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

. From 1938 to 1945, the village was occupied by Germany. It was the base for a German-operated working party (E433) of British and Commonwealth prisoners of war, under the administration of the Stalag VIII-B/344

prisoner-of-war camp A prisoner-of-war camp (often abbreviated as POW camp) is a site for the containment of enemy fighters captured by a belligerent power in time of war. There are significant differences among POW camps, internment camps, and military prisons. ...

Łambinowice Łambinowice (german: Lamsdorf) is a village in Nysa County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Łambinowice. It lies approximately north-east of Nysa and south-west ...

. In January 1945, as the Soviet armies resumed their offensive and advanced into German-occupied territories, the prisoners were marched by the Germans westward in the

Long March The Long March (, lit. ''Long Expedition'') was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the National Army of the Chinese ...

. Many of them died, rest of them was liberated by the allied armies after some four months of travelling on foot.

Demographics

Transport

There is the road border crossing with Poland ''Stará Červená Voda / Jarnołtów''.

Sights

The main landmark of Stará Červená Voda is the Church of Corpus Cristi. It has an early Gothic core, which makes it one of the oldest churches in the region. It was rebuilt in the Baroque style in 1755–1756. The presbytery is decorated by frescoes from around 1510.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Stara Cervena Voda Villages in Jeseník District Czech Silesia