Spechbach, Baden-Württemberg
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Spechbach is a town in the district of
Rhein-Neckar The Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region (german: Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar, ), often referred to as Rhein-Neckar-Triangle, is a polycentric metropolitan region located in south western Germany, between the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main region to the North ...
in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.


Geography


Geographical location

Spechbach is located on the border between the
Kleiner Odenwald The Kleiner Odenwald (“Little Odenwald”) is the southern part of the central German hill range, the Odenwald, and is up to .{{GeoQuelle, DE, BFN-Karten It is also part of the natural region of Sandstein-Odenwald in the north of the state of ...
and Kraichgau, 21 km southeast of Heidelberg, between Heidelberg, Sinsheim and
Mosbach Mosbach (; South Franconian: ''Mossbach'') is a town in the north of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is the seat of the Neckar-Odenwald district and has a population of approximately 25,000 distributed in six boroughs: Mosbach Town, Lohrbach, N ...
. The district of Spechbach essentially comprises the Spechbachtal of the same name as well as the ridges on both sides and lies at an altitude of about 160 to 330 meters.


Neighboring communities

The community borders on
Epfenbach Epfenbach is a municipality in south western Germany. It is located between Heidelberg and Sinsheim in the Rhein-Neckar district in the state of Baden-Württemberg. The municipality belongs to the municipal association of Waibstadt and the touris ...
in the east, on
Neidenstein Neidenstein is a village and a municipality in south western Germany. It is located between Heidelberg and Sinsheim in the Rhein-Neckar district in the state of Baden-Württemberg. History In 1319 Neidenstein was founded by Heinrich von Vennin ...
in the south-east, on
Eschelbronn Eschelbronn is a village with 2,597 inhabitants in the Rhein-Neckar district of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is adjacent to Sinsheim. History Eschelbronn was already mentioned in the year 788/789 in a deed of donation from the monastery of ...
in the south, on Meckesheim in the south-west and on
Lobbach Lobbach is a town in the district of Rhein-Neckar in Baden-Württemberg in Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russi ...
in the west and north. The municipality is a member municipality in the municipality administration association Elsenztal, the seat of which is the municipality of Meckesheim.


History

Under the Roman Empire, the area was occupied by a settlement, likely of
Celtic Celtic, Celtics or Keltic may refer to: Language and ethnicity *pertaining to Celts, a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia **Celts (modern) *Celtic languages **Proto-Celtic language * Celtic music *Celtic nations Sports Fo ...
origin, known as Vicus Nediensis, which served as a farmyard behind the Limes. There is no evidence of the Roman settlement after the Third Century, so the area was probably not resettled until the time of the Carolingian Empire. The modern settlement of Spechbach developed on the lower right-hand slope of the Spechbach valley. The place was first mentioned in 1246 with the naming of a Heidelberg citizen "Conradus de Spehbach". The place name is probably derived from Specht. The place initially belonged to the Staufer empire around
Wimpfen Bad Wimpfen () is a historic spa town in the district of Heilbronn in the Baden-Württemberg region of southern Germany. It lies north of the city of Heilbronn, on the river Neckar. Geography Bad Wimpfen is located on the west bank of the Riv ...
and came under Palatinate suzerainty with the Meckesheimer Zent in 1330. The Lords of Weinsberg, in 1401 the Neidenstein branch of the Lords of Venningen, and later also the Lords of Helmstatt, the Landschad von Steinach, appeared as local lords on the occasion of an inheritance division. the Freiherrn von Zandt, the family von Üxküll and others, whereby the Venningen had the dominant influence in the place until the mediatization of the imperial knighthood, although there were also several local lords at times. In the 15th and 16th centuries, a distinction was made between Großspechbach and Kleinspechbach, the latter essentially consisting of a mill at Lobbach and was devastated in the Thirty Years War. Spechbach was initially a street village with farmsteads along the main street and the church with a walled cemetery above it. There were 33 Fallgüter in the village, but they were already severely divided by the late 18th century. The whole place was initially laid out on manorial land. From 1838 the Venningen house sites were released into rural property. The growth in the 19th century mainly led to a further densification of the town center, while only along the road to Lobenfeld was another residential area. The other new development areas of the place were not developed until after 1951. Spechbach belonged to the Palatinate Amt Dilsberg until 1803, then to the Baden District Office Neckargemünd. The manor also had its own
Amt Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to ...
in
Eichtersheim Angelbachtal is a municipality in Kraichgau, between Sinsheim and Bruchsal, created in 1972 by the union of Eichtersheim and Michelfeld. The name ''Angelbachtal'' comes from the valley of the Waldangelbach, which flows through Kraichgau. Geogra ...
from 1807 to 1813. In 1857 Spechbach came to the Baden District Office Eberbach, in 1863 to the District Office Heidelberg, with which it passed in 1938 to the District of Heidelberg and in 1973 to the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis.


Politics


Administrative association

The community belongs to the local administration association Elsenztal with seat in Meckesheim.


Municipal Council

The local council in Spechbach has ten members. The local council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.


Coat of arms

The blazon of the coat of arms reads: '' A black woodpecker sitting in silver on a blue wavy beam, above it two diagonally crossed red lilies. '' The coat of arms goes back to a court seal from 1705. It was designed in 1921 by the Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe. The woodpecker symbolizes the place name while speaking. The Lilienstaves come from the coat of arms of the Lords of Venningen, who had shares in the local government since 1401. The flag is blue and white and was awarded by the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis district office in 1981.


Tourist Attractions

The center of Spechbach is characterized by the neighboring Protestant and Catholic churches. The Catholic Church of St. Martin is the older of the two churches and goes back to a St. Martin's Church that already existed in the Middle Ages. The church was reformed in 1561, used from 1699 as a
Simultankirche A shared church (german: Simultankirche), simultaneum mixtum, a term first coined in 16th-century Germany, is a church in which public worship is conducted by adherents of two or more religious groups. Such churches became common in the German-sp ...
and in 1707 again given to the Catholics in the course of the Church division. A new nave was built in 1767 and extended to the west in 1828. On the outer wall is the ornate tombstone of Victor Kirchgessner (1830–1898), pastor in Weingarten and Walstetten, from 1880 in Spechbach. The Protestant church was built in 1776. In the town center, on the site of a previous building, there is also the historic town hall built in 1865 and renovated in 1964, the Catholic parish hall from 1912 as well as several
half-timbered house Timber framing (german: Holzfachwerk) and "post-and-beam" construction are traditional methods of building with heavy timbers, creating structures using squared-off and carefully fitted and joined timbers with joints secured by large wooden ...
s and historic inns such as the Gasthof Sonne from 1796. Spechbach also has a Roman fountain, reminiscent of the Römerstrasse from Ladenburg to the Roman Limes border town Osterburken. However, almost nothing of the actual ground monument can be seen without professional guidance. Spechbach-katkirche-web.jpg , Kath. church Spechbach-evkirche-web.jpg , Evang. church Spechbach-katgemhaus-web.jpg , Kath. Parish hall Spechbach-rathaus-web.jpg , City Hall


Economy and Infrastructure


Economy

Until the 1960s, the main source of income for the Spechbach family was agriculture. In 1960 there were 55 full-time farms of which only one still exists today. In 2007 there were still eight part-time businesses.State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg


Infrastructure

Spechbach has been a federal pilot community since February 16, 2012. With its inclusion in the federal pilot project "Energy-efficient urban renovation - energy-efficient district supply" by the Federal Ministry for Transport, Building and Urban Development and the KfW Reconstruction Loan Corporation, the community and its project "BürgerEnergiedorf Spechbach" are among five pilot projects in Baden-Württemberg.


Education

Confessional schools have been documented in Spechbach since the 17th century, and a community schoolhouse from 1880. Since December 1966 there is only one primary school, all secondary schools are in the surrounding communities and cities.


External links


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Spechbach, Baden-Wurttemberg Rhein-Neckar-Kreis