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The escudo was either of two distinct Spanish
The first escudo was a
The Colonial Coinage of Spanish America:
' An introduction by Daniel Frank Sedwick'' {{Spanish Empire Silver escudo Coins of Spain
The escudo was either of two distinct Spanish currency
A currency, "in circulation", from la, currens, -entis, literally meaning "running" or "traversing" is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins.
A more general ...
denominations.
Gold escudo
The first escudo was a gold
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from la, aurum) and atomic number 79. This makes it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. It is a bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile ...
coin
A coin is a small, flat (usually depending on the country or value), round piece of metal or plastic used primarily as a medium of exchange or legal tender. They are standardized in weight, and produced in large quantities at a mint in order ...
introduced in 1535/1537, with coins denominated in escudos issued until 1833. It was initially worth 16 '' reales''. When different reales were introduced, the escudo became worth 16 ''reales de plata'' in 1642, then 16 ''reales de plata fuerte'' or 40 ''reales de vellón'' from 1737.
Coins
Gold coins were issued in denominations of , 1, 2, 4 and 8 escudos, with the 2 escudos coin known as thedoubloon
The doubloon (from Spanish ''doblón'', or "double", i.e. ''double escudo'') was a two-''escudo'' gold coin worth approximately $4 (four Spanish dollars) or 32 '' reales'',
and weighing 6.766 grams (0.218 troy ounce) of 22-karat gold (or 0.917 fi ...
. Between 1809 and 1849, coins denominated as 80, 160 and 320 reales (de vellon) were issued, equivalent, in gold content and value, to the 2, 4 and 8 escudo coins.
Most were minted in Madrid, marked with a superscripted M or in Seville bearing an S below and left of the Royal Coat of Arms. The mintmaster's initials appeared on the opposite side.
Silver escudo
The second escudo was the currency ofSpain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = '' Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, ...
between 1864 and 1869. It was subdivided into 100 ''céntimos de escudo''. The escudo replaced the '' real'' at a rate of 10 reales = 1 escudo. It was itself replaced by the '' peseta'', at a rate of pesetas = 1 escudo, when Spain joined the Latin Monetary Union. The later silver escudo was worth one quarter of the earlier, gold escudo.
Coins
Copper coins were issued in denominations of , 1, and 5 céntimos; silver coins of 10, 20 and 40 céntimos, 1 and 2 escudos; and gold coins of 2, 4 and 10 escudos. The 1 escudo was introduced in 1864, followed by the other silver and gold coins in 1865 and the copper coins in 1866. All the coins were minted until 1868, with 10 escudos also minted in 1873 during the First Republic.See also
*Portuguese escudo
The Portuguese escudo was the currency of Portugal from May 22nd 1911 until the introduction of the euro on January 1st 2002. The escudo was subdivided into 100 . The word derives from the scutum shield.
Amounts in escudos were written as ...
References
*External links
The Colonial Coinage of Spanish America:
' An introduction by Daniel Frank Sedwick'' {{Spanish Empire Silver escudo Coins of Spain