The 1975
Apollo–Soyuz Test Project
Apollo–Soyuz was the first crewed international space mission, carried out jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July 1975. Millions of people around the world watched on television as a United States Apollo spacecraft docked ...
version of the
Soyuz spacecraft
Soyuz () is a series of spacecraft which has been in service since the 1960s, having made more than 140 flights. It was designed for the Soviet space program by the Korolev Design Bureau (now Energia). The Soyuz succeeded the Voskhod spacecraf ...
(Soyuz 7K-TM) served as a technological bridge to the third generation
Soyuz-T (T - транспортный, ''Transportnyi'' meaning transport) spacecraft (1976–1986).
The Soyuz ASTP spacecraft was designed for use during the
Apollo Soyuz Test Project
Apollo, grc, Ἀπόλλωνος, Apóllōnos, label=genitive , ; , grc-dor, Ἀπέλλων, Apéllōn, ; grc, Ἀπείλων, Apeílōn, label=Arcadocypriot Greek, ; grc-aeo, Ἄπλουν, Áploun, la, Apollō, la, Apollinis, label= ...
as
Soyuz 19 Soyuz is a transliteration of the Cyrillic text Союз ( Russian and Ukrainian, 'Union'). It can refer to any union, such as a trade union (''profsoyuz'') or the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Сою́з Сове́тских Социалис ...
. It featured design changes to increase compatibility with the American craft. The Soyuz ASTP featured new solar panels for increased mission length, an
APAS-75
The terms Androgynous Peripheral Attach System (APAS), Androgynous Peripheral Assembly System (APAS) and Androgynous Peripheral Docking System (APDS), are used interchangeably to describe a family of spacecraft docking mechanisms, and are also som ...
docking mechanism instead of the standard male mechanism and modifications to the environmental control system to lower the cabin pressure to 0.68 atmospheres (69 kPa) prior to docking with Apollo. The ASTP Soyuz backup craft flew as the
Soyuz 22 mission, replacing the docking port with a camera.
Uncrewed Missions
*
Cosmos 638
Kosmos 638 (russian: Космос 638) was an uncrewed test of the 1975 Apollo–Soyuz Test Project Soyuz. It carried an APAS-75 androgynous docking system.
This was followed by another uncrewed test of this spacecraft type, Kosmos 672. It was a ...
*
Cosmos 672
Kosmos 672 (russian: Космос 672 meaning ''Cosmos 672'') was the second uncrewed test of the ASTP Soyuz spacecraft. Also had APAS-75 androgynous docking system.
This was preceded by another uncrewed test of this spacecraft type, Kosmos 63 ...
Manned missions
*
Soyuz 16
Soyuz 16 (russian: Союз 16, ''Union 16'') was a December, 1974, crewed test flight for a joint Soviet-United States space flight which culminated in the Apollo–Soyuz mission in July 1975. The two-man Soviet crew, Anatoly Filipchenko and ...
* Soyuz 19 (
ASTP)
*
Soyuz 22
Images
File:S74-24913.jpg
Image:Soyuz 7K-TM (APAS) drawing.png
Image:Soyuz-19 - Side View.jpg
Image:Soyuz-19 Docking End.jpg
Image:Soyuz 19 DPO.JPG
Image:Soyuz 19 SKD.jpg
Image:Soyuz 19 connection PAO SA 1.jpg
Image:Soyuz 19 connection PAO SA 2.jpg
Image:Soyuz_19_periscope.jpg
External links
Russia New Russian spaceship will be able to fly to Moon - space corp*Mir Hardware Heritage
**David S.F. Portree,
', NASA RP-1357, 1995
**
Mir Hardware Heritage (wikisource)
Information on Soyuz spacecraft
{{DEFAULTSORT:Soyuz 7k-Tm
Crewed spacecraft
Soyuz program
Vehicles introduced in 1976
Apollo–Soyuz Test Project