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The six-spot burnet (''Zygaena filipendulae'') is a day-flying
*''Z. f. altapyrenaica'' Le Charles, 1950
*''Z. f. arctica'' Schneider, 1880
*''Z. f. balcanirosea'' Holik, 1943
*''Z. f. campaniae'' Rebel, 1901
*''Z. f. duponcheli'' Verity, 1921
*''Z. f. filipendulae''
*''Z. f. gemella'' Marten, 1956
*''Z. f. gemina'' Burgeff, 1914
*''Z. f. gigantea'' Rocci, 1913
*''Z. f. himmighofeni'' Burgeff, 1926
*''Z. f. liguris'' Rocci, 1925
*''Z. f. maior'' Esper, 1794
*''Z. f. mannii'' Herrich-Schaffer, 1852
*''Z. f. noacki'' Reiss, 1962
*''Z. f. oberthueriana'' Burgeff, 1926
*''Z. f. polygalae'' (Esper, 1783)
*''Z. f. praeochsenheimeri'' Verity, 1939
*''Z. f. pulcherrima'' Verity, 1921
*''Z. f. pulcherrimastoechadis'' Verity, 1921
*''Z. f. pyrenes'' Verity, 1921
*''Z. f. seeboldi'' Oberthur, 1910
*''Z. f. siciliensis'' Verity, 1917
*''Z. f. stephensi'' Dupont, 1900
*''Z. f. stoechadis'' (Borkhausen, 1793)
*''Z. f. zarana'' Burgeff, 1926
First Nature
/ref>
File: Zygaena filipendulae 02 (HS).jpg, Eggs
File: Six-spot Burnet (Zygaena filipendulae) caterpillar.jpg, Caterpillar
File:Zygaena filipendulae - Puppe 03 (HS).JPG, Cocoon
File: Zygaenidae - Zygaena filipendulae (Pupa).JPG, Pupa (cocoon removed)
File: Six-spot Burnet Moth (Zygaena filipendulae) - geograph.org.uk - 928302.jpg, Adult
Funet
Taxonomy
Lepiforum.de
Lepinet.fr
{{taxonbar, from=Q161497 Zygaena Moths described in 1758 Moths of Europe Moths of Asia Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Zygaenoidea
moth
Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of w ...
of the family Zygaenidae
The Zygaenidae moths are a family of Lepidoptera. The majority of zygaenids are tropical, but they are nevertheless quite well represented in temperate regions. Some of the 1000 or so species are commonly known as burnet or forester moths, oft ...
.
Subspecies
*''Z. f. altapyrenaica'' Le Charles, 1950
*''Z. f. arctica'' Schneider, 1880
*''Z. f. balcanirosea'' Holik, 1943
*''Z. f. campaniae'' Rebel, 1901
*''Z. f. duponcheli'' Verity, 1921
*''Z. f. filipendulae''
*''Z. f. gemella'' Marten, 1956
*''Z. f. gemina'' Burgeff, 1914
*''Z. f. gigantea'' Rocci, 1913
*''Z. f. himmighofeni'' Burgeff, 1926
*''Z. f. liguris'' Rocci, 1925
*''Z. f. maior'' Esper, 1794
*''Z. f. mannii'' Herrich-Schaffer, 1852
*''Z. f. noacki'' Reiss, 1962
*''Z. f. oberthueriana'' Burgeff, 1926
*''Z. f. polygalae'' (Esper, 1783)
*''Z. f. praeochsenheimeri'' Verity, 1939
*''Z. f. pulcherrima'' Verity, 1921
*''Z. f. pulcherrimastoechadis'' Verity, 1921
*''Z. f. pyrenes'' Verity, 1921
*''Z. f. seeboldi'' Oberthur, 1910
*''Z. f. siciliensis'' Verity, 1917
*''Z. f. stephensi'' Dupont, 1900
*''Z. f. stoechadis'' (Borkhausen, 1793)
*''Z. f. zarana'' Burgeff, 1926
Distribution
''Zygaena filipendulae'' is a common species throughoutEurope
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...
, except the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, northern Scandinavia and the Great Russian North. It is also present in Asia Minor, through the Caucasus to Syria and Lebanon.
Habitat
This species can be found in meadows, woodland clearings, sea-cliffs and area rich in grasses and flowers, up to 2,000 m altitude.Description
''Zygaena filipendulae'' has awingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan o ...
of . The sexes are similar. The fore wings are dark metallic green with six vivid red spots (sometimes the spots are merged causing possible confusion with other species such as the five-spot burnet). Occasionally, the spots are yellow or even black. The hind wings are red with a blackish fringe. The larva is plump and hairy with variable markings, usually pale green with rows of black spots.
It is an aposematic
Aposematism is the advertising by an animal to potential predators that it is not worth attacking or eating. This unprofitability may consist of any defences which make the prey difficult to kill and eat, such as toxicity, venom, foul taste o ...
moth because it is distinguished by its colors as toxic to predators like birds and lizards. If attacked it emits a liquid containing cyanide.
Biology
The adults fly on hot, sunny days from June to August, and are attracted to a wide variety offlower
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...
s such as knapweed
''Centaurea'' () is a genus of over 700 species of herbaceous thistle-like flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Members of the genus are found only north of the equator, mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere; the Middle East and surrounding re ...
and scabious, as well as the larva
A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
...
l food plants bird's foot trefoil, Dorycnium
''Lotus'', a latinization of Greek '' lōtos'' (), is a genus of flowering plants that includes most bird's-foot trefoils (also known as bacon-and-eggs) and deervetches and contains many dozens of species distributed worldwide. Depending on the ...
, Coronilla
The genus ''Coronilla'' contains 8 species of flowering plants native to Europe and North Africa. It cointained about 20 species before being split into ''Securigera''.
Species include:
* ''Coronilla coronata''
* ''Coronilla juncea''
* ''Coron ...
and clover
Clover or trefoil are common names for plants of the genus ''Trifolium'' (from Latin ''tres'' 'three' + ''folium'' 'leaf'), consisting of about 300 species of flowering plants in the legume or pea family Fabaceae originating in Europe. The genus ...
.
The species overwinters as a larva. The larva pupa
A pupa ( la, pupa, "doll"; plural: ''pupae'') is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation between immature and mature stages. Insects that go through a pupal stage are holometabolous: they go through four distinct stages in thei ...
tes in early summer in a papery cocoon attached to a grass stem./ref>
Lifecycle
Bibliography
*C. M. Naumann, G. M. Tarmann, W. G. Tremewan: The Western Palaearctic Zygaenidae. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 1999, *Capinera, J. L. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Entomology, 4 voll., 2nd Ed., Dordrecht, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2008, pp. lxiii + 4346, *Chinery, Michael. ''Collins Guide to the Insects of Britain and Western Europe'' 1986. (reprinted 1991). *Kükenthal, W. (Ed.), Handbuch der Zoologie / Handbook of Zoology, Band 4: Arthropoda - 2. Hälfte: Insecta - Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies, in Kristensen, N. P. , Handbuch der Zoologie, Fischer, M. (Scientific Editor), Teilband/Part 35: Vol. 1: Evolution, systematics, and biogeography, Berlino, New York, Walter de Gruyter, 1999 998 pp. x + 491, *Scoble, M. J., The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity, seconda edizione, London, Oxford University Press & Natural History Museum, 2011992
Year 992 ( CMXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Worldwide
* Winter – A superflare from the sun causes an Aurora Borealis, with visibility as fa ...
pp. xi, 404,
*Skinner, Bernard.''Colour Identification Guide to Moths of the British Isles'' 1984.
*Stehr, F. W. (Ed.), Immature Insects, 2 volumi, seconda edizione, Dubuque, Iowa, Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1991 987 pp. ix, 754,
Notes
References
External links
Funet
Taxonomy
Lepiforum.de
Lepinet.fr
{{taxonbar, from=Q161497 Zygaena Moths described in 1758 Moths of Europe Moths of Asia Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Zygaenoidea