Simao District (; formerly known as Cuiyun District) is a

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivision ...

under the

jurisdiction Jurisdiction (from Latin 'law' + 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice. In federations like the United States, areas of jurisdiction apply to local, state, and federal levels. J ...

Pu'er City Pu'er is a prefecture-level city in southern Yunnan Province, China. The urban administrative center of Pu'er is Simao District, which is also the former name of the prefecture-level city itself. A major downturn in the price of tea in 2007 caus ...

Yunnan Province Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the ...

, China. It is the seat of Pu'er Prefecture. Formerly both Simao and the surrounding region of Pu'er prefecture played a major role in the historic tea horse trade between Yunnan, Tibet and India, with Simao acting as the southern terminus or starting point for the transport of tea by mule caravan north to Dali, Lijiang and Lhasa. Tea remains a central crop and product of the region. In 2007, the city of Simao () changed its name to

Pu'er city Pu'er is a prefecture-level city in southern Yunnan Province, China. The urban administrative center of Pu'er is Simao District, which is also the former name of the prefecture-level city itself. A major downturn in the price of tea in 2007 caus ...

(). By doing so, it has had an effect the size of the official Pu'er () tea production area.

Administrative divisions

In the present, Simao District has 5 towns and 2 ethnic townships. ;5 towns ;2 ethnic townships * Longtan Yi and Dai () * Yunxian Yi ()

Ethnic groups

Simao District is ethnically diverse, with Han, Yi, Dai, Hani, Bulang, Wa, Lahu, and other ethnic groups.

Han Chinese The Han Chinese () or Han people (), are an East Asian ethnic group native to China. They constitute the world's largest ethnic group, making up about 18% of the global population and consisting of various subgroups speaking distinctive v ...

live mostly in Simaoba 思茅坝, Yixiangba 倚象坝, and Laojuntian 老君田 (''Simao Prefecture Almanac'' 1993:477). They numbered 105,133 people as of 1990, making more up than 75% of the population. The

Yi people The Yi or Nuosu people,; zh, c=彝族, p=Yízú, l=Yi ethnicity historically known as the Lolo,; vi, Lô Lô; th, โล-โล, Lo-Lo are an ethnic group in China, Vietnam, and Thailand. Numbering nine million people, they are the seve ...

of Gaojiazhai 髙家寨 and Manxieba 曼歇坝 in Simaoba 思茅坝 speak the Southern Yi dialect (南部方言), while the Yi of other areas speak the Western Yi dialect of Weishan County () (''Simao Prefecture Almanac'' 1993:478). They numbered 17,459 people as of 1990. Ethnic Yi townships in Simao district are Longtan 龙潭彝族傣族乡 and Yunxian 云仙彝族乡 townships. Some of the Yi in Simao are also known as Xiangtang 香堂. The

Dai people The Dai people ( Burmese: ရှမ်းလူမျိုး; khb, ᨴᩱ/ᨴᩱ᩠ᨿ; lo, ໄຕ; th, ไท; shn, တႆး, ; , ; ) refers to several Tai-speaking ethnic groups living in the Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and ...

live in various villages on both sides of the Dazhong 大中河, Jiufang 酒房河, and Xiaohejiang 小黑江 rivers, namely Mangdie 芒垒, Mangyao 芒腰, Mangpan 芒畔, Qianluo 迁洛, Jiufang 酒房, Longtan 龙潭彝族傣族乡, Zhengwan 整碗, Mamu 骂木, Bangnong 蚌弄, Boluo 菠萝, and other villages (''Simao Prefecture Almanac'' 1993:478). They numbered 4,142 people as of 1990. The

Hani people The Hani or Ho people (Hani: ''Haqniq''; zh, c=哈尼族, p=Hānízú; vi, Người Hà Nhì / 𠊛何贰) are a Lolo-speaking ethnic group in Southern China and Northern Laos and Vietnam. They form one of the 56 officially recognized nat ...

live in (''Simao Prefecture Almanac'' 1993:478). They numbered 3,722 people as of 1990. Some migrated from Tongxin 同心 and Mengxian 勐先 of Pu'er County 普洱县 (now renamed as

Ning'er Hani and Yi Autonomous County The Ning'er Hani and Yi Autonomous County is an autonomous county under the jurisdiction of Pu'er City in the southwest of Yunnan Province, China. Name The county was formerly named Pu'er. When Simao changed its name back to Pu'er in 2007, the ...

) during the

Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeas ...

era, while others migrated in 1971 from Lianhe 联合, Xin'an 新安, Xinfu 新抚, and Baliu 坝溜 townships of

Mojiang County Mojiang Hani Autonomous County (; Hani: ) is an autonomous county under the jurisdiction of Pu'er City, in the south of Yunnan Province, China. Administrative divisions In the present, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County has 12 towns, 2 townships and ...

墨江县. Subgroups include Biyue 碧约, Budu 布都, Kaduo 卡堕, Ximoluo 西摩洛, and Bukong 布孔. In Simao District, the Bulang people (population 272 as of 1990) live near the junction of the Xiaohei River 小黑江 and Lancang River 澜沧江, in the villages of Guanzhai 官寨, Tuanliangzi 团梁子, Mangbang 芒蚌, Mangba 芒坝, etc., in a total of six villages (''Simao Prefecture Almanac'' 1993:480). The

Wa people The Wa people ( Wa: Vāx; my, ဝလူမျိုး, ; ; th, ว้า) are a Southeast Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in Northern Myanmar, in the northern part of Shan State and the eastern part of Kachin State, near and along Myan ...

live alongside Bulang people and

in Mangba 芒坝 and Tuanliangzi 团梁子 (''Simao Prefecture Almanac'' 1993:482). They numbered 1,627 people as of 1990. The

Lahu people The Lahu people ( Lāhùzú; Lahu: ''Ladhulsi'' / ''Kawzhawd''; vi, La Hủ) are an ethnic group of China and Mainland Southeast Asia. Etymology The Chinese name "Lahu" literally means "to drag favour from heaven" (拉, lā, "to drag"; ...

live in Nanping Township () and Yixiang Township () (in Nalitian , Yongqing Village ()) (''Simao Prefecture Almanac'' 1993:482). They numbered 1,265 people as of 1990.

Transport

Simao Airport (IATA: SYM, ICAO: ZPSM).

Herbariums

*Simao District National Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute Herbarium, (founded 1970) of the Simao District Public Health Bureau *Simao Forestry Bureau Herbarium (founded 1991)

References

External links

Simao District Official Website
{{Authority control County-level divisions of Pu'er City