Shuddha Saveri
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Shuddha Saveri or śuddha sāveri is a
raga A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (; also ''raaga'' or ''ragam''; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a melodic mode. The ''rāga'' is a unique and central feature of the classical Indian music tradition, and as ...
m in
Carnatic music Carnatic music, known as or in the South Indian languages, is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, and Sri Lanka. It ...
(musical scale of South Indian classical music) and
Yakshagana Yakshagaana is a traditional theatre, developed in Dakshina Kannada, Udupi, Uttara Kannada, Shimoga and western parts of Chikmagalur districts, in the state of Karnataka and in Kasaragod district in Kerala that combines dance, music, dialogue, ...
music. It is an ''audava'' rāgam (or ''owdava'' rāgam, meaning pentatonic scale). It is a '' janya'' rāgam (derived scale)of the Melakarta ragam Dhīraśaṅkarābharaṇaṃ which is 29th Melakarta raga. In
Hindustani music Hindustani classical music is the classical music of northern regions of the Indian subcontinent. It may also be called North Indian classical music or, in Hindustani, ''shastriya sangeet'' (). It is played in instruments like the violin, sita ...
it is called ''
Durga Durga ( sa, दुर्गा, ) is a major Hindu goddess, worshipped as a principal aspect of the mother goddess Mahadevi. She is associated with protection, strength, motherhood, destruction, and wars. Durga's legend centres around c ...
''.''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras According to the school of Muthuswami Dikshitar, this rāgam is called ''Devakriya''. '' Karnataka Shuddha Saveri'', a janya rāgam of 1st ''
melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be generated. A ''melaka ...
'' '' Kanakangi'', is called ''Shuddha Saveri'' by the Dikshitar school.


Structure and Lakshana

''Shuddha Saveri'' is a symmetric rāgam that does not contain ''gāndhāram'' or ''nishādam''. It is a pentatonic scale (''audava-audava'' ragam in Carnatic music classification – audava meaning 'of 5'). Its ' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see ''swaras'' in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms): * : * : It is a scale that uses the following variants of the ''swaras'' – ''chatushruti rishabham, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam'' and ''chatushruti dhaivatam''. ''Shuddha Saveri'' is considered a ''janya'' rāgam of ''
Sankarabharanam Sankarabharanam may refer to: * ''Sankarabharanam'' (1980 film), an Indian Telugu-language musical drama film * ''Sankarabharanam'' (2015 film), an Indian Telugu-language crime comedy film * Sankarabharanam (raga) Dhīraśankarābharaṇaṃ, c ...
'', the 29th ''melakarta'' rāgam, though it can be derived from other melakarta rāgams, ''
Kharaharapriya Kharaharapriya is a rāga in Carnatic music. It is the 22nd ''melakarta'' rāga (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāga system. It is possible that the name of the ragam was originally ''Harapriya'' but it was changed to conform to the Kat ...
'', '' Gourimanohari'' or ''
Harikambhoji Harikambhoji (pronounced harikāmbhōji) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 28th ''Melakarta'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system. One of the first scales employed b ...
'', by dropping both ''gāndhāram'' and ''nishādam''.


Popular compositions

Here are some popular '' kritis'' composed in ''Shuddha Saveri''. * ''Darinē telusukonṭi'' and ''Kālaharaṇamēla rā harē'' by
Tyagaraja Thyagaraja (Telugu: త్యాగరాజ) (4 May 1767 – 6 January 1847), also known as Thyāgayya and in full as Kakarla Thyagabrahmam, was a composer and vocalist of Carnatic music, a form of Indian classical music. Tyagaraja and his ...
in
Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode ...
* ''Taye tripura sundari'' by Periyasaamy Thooran * ''Janani pahi sada (Navarathri 7th Day krithi)'' by
Swathi Thirunal ( ml, സ്വാതി തിരുനാള്‍ രാമവർമ്മ) (16 April 1813 – 26 December 1846) was the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Travancore. He is also considered as a brilliant music composer and is credited with over 4 ...
''Ānalekara'', by
Purandara Dasa Purandara Dasa ( IAST: Purandara dāsa) ( 1470 – 1565) was a Haridasa philosopher and a follower of Madhwacharya 's Dwaitha philosophy -saint from present-day Karnataka, India. He was a composer, singer and one of the chief founding-pr ...
which is set to this rāgam, is one of the first few ''
geetam Geetam, (Sanskrit: गीतम्; gītaṃ) the simplest music form in Carnatic music, was created by Purandara Dasa in order to introduce '' talas'' with '' sāhityaṃ'' (lyrics). Gītaṃ literally means "song" in Sanskrit. Structure A g ...
s'' (very short compositions) taught to beginners. * ''Dharma Shravana'' By
Purandara Dasa Purandara Dasa ( IAST: Purandara dāsa) ( 1470 – 1565) was a Haridasa philosopher and a follower of Madhwacharya 's Dwaitha philosophy -saint from present-day Karnataka, India. He was a composer, singer and one of the chief founding-pr ...
* ''Ee Muddu Krishnana'' By
Vadiraja Tirtha Sri Vadiraja Teertharu (1480 – 1600) was a Dvaita philosopher, poet, traveller and mystic. A polymath of his time, he authored many works, often polemical, on Madhva theology and metaphysics. Additionally, he composed numerous poems and as ...
* ''Shri guruguha tarayashu mam'' by Muthuswami Dikshitar * ''sarvajīva dayākarī'' by Oothukkadu Venkata Kavi is also popular * ''kamala-vilochani'' by Hari Sundareswara sharma * ''shankara gangadhara shrikantha'' and ''shrimat simhasaneshvari'' by Muthiah Bhagavatar * ''Veedhula Veedhula'' by Annamacharya * ''Ada Pogona'', ''Elladi Bande'' By Sripadaraja * ''Hyange Madalayya '' By Gopala Dasa *Sadhasiva kumara by pabanasamsivan


Film Songs


Language:Tamil language, Tamil


Related rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.


''Graha bhedam''

''Shuddha Saveri's'' notes when shifted using ''Graha bhedam'', yields 4 other major pentatonic rāgams, namely, ''Mohanam'', ''Hindolam'', ''Madhyamavati'' and ''Udayaravichandrika'' (also known as ''Shuddha Dhanyasi''). ''Graha bhedam'' is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the ''shadjam'' to the next note in the rāgam. See ''Graha bhedam#Mohanam, Graha bhedam on Mohanam'' for more details and illustration of this concept.


Scale similarities

* ''Salaga Bhairavi, Sālaga Bhairavi'' is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of ''Shuddha Saveri'' and descending scale of ''Kharaharapriya''. Its structure is S R2 M1 P D2 S : S N2 D2 P M1 G2 R2 S * ''Yadukulakamboji, Yadhukula Kambhoji'' is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of ''Shuddha Saveri'' and descending scale of ''Harikambhoji''. Its structure is S R2 M1 P D2 S : S N2 D2 P M1 G3 R2 S * ''Arabhi, Ārabhi'' is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of ''Shuddha Saveri'' and descending scale of ''Sankarabharanam''. Its structure is S R2 M1 P D2 S : S N3 D2 P M1 G3 R2 S * ''Devagandhari#In Carnatic music, Devagāndhāri'' is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of Shuddha Saveri and descending scale of ''Shankarabharanam''. Its structure is S R2 M1 P D2 S : S N3 D2 P M1 G3 R2 S (there are differences in intonation, swara phrases, prayoga, bhava and rasa between this rāgam and Ārabhi, though scale notation in simple terms are same) * ''Janaranjani'' is a rāgam which has the ascending scale of ''Shankarabharanam'' and descending scale of ''Shuddha Saveri''. Its structure is S R2 G3 M1 P D2 N3 P S : S D2 P M1 R2 S * '' Karnataka Shuddha Saveri'' of Dikshitar school has ''Shuddha Rishabham'' in place of ''Chatushruti Rishabham'' and ''Shuddha Dhaivatam'' in place of ''Chatushruti Dhaivatam''. Its structure is S R1 M1 P D1 S : S D1 P M1 R1 S.


Notes


References

{{Janya Janya ragas