The Shell Spher process (Shell Pellet Heat Exchange Retorting) is an above ground
fluidization bed retorting technology for
shale oil extraction
Shale oil extraction is an industrial process for unconventional oil production. This process converts kerogen in oil shale into shale oil by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution. The resultant shale oil is used as fuel oil or up ...
. It is classified as a hot recycled solids technology.
[
][
]
Raw oil shale is crushed to a fine particles. Heat is transferred to oil shale by heat-carrying ceramic balls of size . Raw oil shale is preheated in fluidized bed at the temperature of in the case if oxygen is used as fluidizing medium, or at if non-oxidizing gases are used. Heated ceramic balls fall then through the bed in counter-current direction. The preheated oil shale is further heated in the retorting vessel. The retorted
spent shale is cooled in a fast-fluidized bed by the recirculated cool pellets from the preheater; while cooling the spent shale ceramic balls are heated by the spent shale.
[
]
See also
*
Alberta Taciuk Process
*
Kiviter process
*
Petrosix process
*
Galoter process
*
Fushun process
The Fushun process is an above-ground retorting technology for shale oil extraction. It is named after the main production site of Fushun, Liaoning province in northeastern China.
History
The Fushun process was developed and utilized for the extra ...
*
Paraho process
The Paraho process is an above ground retorting technology for shale oil extraction. The name "Paraho" is delivered from the words "''para homem''", which means in Portuguese "for mankind".
History
The Paraho process was invented by John B. Jones, ...
*
Lurgi-Ruhrgas process
*
TOSCO II process
References
{{Reflist
Oil shale technology