Anting Anting () is a town in Jiading District, Shanghai, bordering Kunshan, Jiangsu to the west. It has 96,000 inhabitants and, after the July 2009 merger of Huangdu (), an area of .

Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flowin ...

FAW Group China FAW Group Corp., Ltd. (First Automobile Works) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Changchun, Jilin.

Changan Automobile Chang'an Automobile Co., Ltd. is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Jiangbei, Chongqing.IM,

Maxus SAIC Maxus Automotive Co., Ltd. trading as Maxus and sometimes known by the pinyin transcription of its Chinese name, Datong (大通) is a Chinese vehicle brand. Currently, it is a commercial and passenger vehicle manufacturer being a wholly ...

, MG, Roewe,

Baojun Baojun () is a Chinese automobile marque owned by a joint venture of General Motors and SAIC Motor, SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile. History The Baojun marque was established in 2010 as a cheaper alternative to existing GM brands Chevrolet and Buic ...

(under

SGMW SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile ( zh, 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司, abbreviated as SGMW) is a joint venture between SAIC Motor, General Motors, and Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co Ltd. Based in Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, in sout ...

), Wuling (under SGMW), as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as SAIC-Volkswagen (Volkswagen, Skoda, Audi) and SAIC-General Motors (Buick, Chevrolet, Cadillac). In 2021, domestic-branded cars took 52% of sales. It also produces electric vehicles under some of the previously listed brandings, including dedicated EV brands such as Feifan and IM. It is currently a Fortune Global 100 company, ranked 60 on the list. Including

SGMW SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile ( zh, 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司, abbreviated as SGMW) is a joint venture between SAIC Motor, General Motors, and Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co Ltd. Based in Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, in sout ...

, it is also the third largest plug-in electric vehicle (BEV and PHEV) company and second largest BEV company in the world, with 10.5% and 13% global market share respectively in 2021, selling under brand names such as Wuling, Baojun, Maxus, MG, Roewe and Feifan. SAIC traces its origins to the early years of the Chinese automobile industry in the 1940s, and SAIC was one of the few carmakers in Mao's China, making the Shanghai SH760. Currently, it participates in the oldest surviving sino-foreign car making

joint venture A joint venture (JV) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership, shared returns and economic risk, risks, and shared governance. Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four rea ...

, with

Volkswagen Volkswagen (),English: , . abbreviated as VW (), is a German motor vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony, Germany. Founded in 1937 by the German Labour Front under the Nazi Party and revived into a global brand post-W ...

, and in addition has had a joint venture with General Motors since 1998. SAIC products sell under a variety of

brand name A brand is a name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's good or service from those of other sellers. Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising for recognition and, importantly, to create an ...

s, including those of its joint venture partners. Two notable brands owned by SAIC itself are MG, a historic British car marque, and Roewe.

History

Origins to 2000

Although it has a long history, originating from an automobile assembly factory established in Shanghai sometime around World War II, SAIC, unlike domestic rivals

FAW Group China FAW Group Corp., Ltd. (First Automobile Works) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Changchun, Jilin.

and

Dongfeng Motors Dongfeng Motor Corporation Ltd. is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Wuhan, Hubei. Founded in 1969, it is currently the third largest of the " Big Four" state-owned car manufacturers of China, namely: SAIC Motor, FAW ...

, has only recently attained a position of prominence in the Chinese vehicle industry. A small company in the 1970s, SAIC owes its rise to more than an increase in domestic demand for passenger vehicles. A cooperative agreement made with Volkswagen in 1984 followed by the formal establishment of Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive Co Ltd in March 1985 allowed it to produce competitive cars with foreign technology. Early success at SAIC may also be a result of guidance provided by local Shanghai authorities; at one time SAIC was simply an extension of the Shanghai Municipal government. For these two reasons and more, SAIC grew swiftly. In the 11 years leading to 1996, annual production capacity increased ten-fold to 300,000 units/year, and the company established itself as one of the leading Chinese automakers. During this period, SAIC effectively built an entire modern automotive component supply chain in Shanghai from scratch, and the number and quality of locally produced auto parts rose significantly. Cars that were previously assembled in China from

knock-down kit A knock-down kit (also knockdown kit, knocked-down kit, or simply knockdown or KD) is a collection of parts required to assemble a product. The parts are typically manufactured in one country or region, then exported to another country or region ...

s provisioned by Volkswagen became products built from parts produced in Shanghai, and between 1990 and 1996 the city more than doubled its contribution to the national output of automotive components. In 1987, the only local parts used in one car, the

Volkswagen Santana The Volkswagen Santana is a nameplate used by Volkswagen for various sedans and station wagons since 1983. The first generation is based on the second-generation Volkswagen Passat (B2). It was introduced in 1981 while production started in 1983 ...

, were tires, radio, and antenna, but by 1998 over 90% of the components used in its manufacture were locally sourced. A goal set by the Shanghai Municipal government, creation of a local parts industry is an example of the influence that the local government has had on the development of SAIC. In June 1997, SAIC formed a second major joint venture, Shanghai General Motors Co Ltd, with General Motors. The new joint venture began operations in 1998, and helped to drive a doubling in SAIC's vehicle production between 2000 and 2004. Initially partnering with foreign automakers, creating joint ventures with component suppliers, such as the American

Visteon Visteon Corporation (VC) is an American global automotive electronics supplier and Fortune 500 company spun off from the Ford Motor Company in 2000. Visteon is composed of multiple businesses that design, engineer, and manufacture vehicle cockpit ...

, may now help underpin SAIC success.

2000 to 2010

At the start of the 2000s, SAIC made several acquisitions in Korea. In 2002 it participated in GM's purchase of Korean automaker Daewoo, acquiring a 10% stake in the newly formed GM Daewoo company for US$59.7 million, and in 2004 it also assumed control of an ailing South Korean automaker,

SsangYong Motor The SsangYong Motor Company ( ko, 쌍용자동차 주식회사) is a South Korea–based automobile manufacturer. It traces its origins back to a manufacturer established in 1954. The name SsangYong appeared in 1988, after its acquisition by the ...

, paying US$500 million for 48.9% ownership of the company. Around this time SAIC created a new holding company for its subsidiaries employed in passenger car production, Shanghai Automotive Group. In the middle of the decade, SAIC attempted to acquire the British automaker

MG Rover MG Rover Group was the last domestically owned mass-production car manufacturer in the British motor industry. The company was formed when BMW sold the car-making and engine manufacturing assets of the original Rover Group to the Phoenix Cons ...

, but in 2005 was outbid by another Chinese automaker,

Nanjing Automobile Nanjing Automobile is a state-owned enterprise with a history that dates from 1947,

. SAIC did manage to obtain some MG Rover technology that was incorporated into a new line of luxury sedans sold under the Roewe marque, and it subsequently purchased the winning bidder. While the company saw sales success in the late 2000s, with 2.72 million vehicles sold in 2009, its 2004 purchase of an ownership stake in a Korean SUV-maker, Ssangyong, soured. In January 2009, after an additional US$45 million was provided to it by SAIC, SsangYong Motor Company was placed into

receivership In law, receivership is a situation in which an institution or enterprise is held by a receiver—a person "placed in the custodial responsibility for the property of others, including tangible and intangible assets and rights"—especially in c ...

in Korea. Courts might have mandated SAIC reduce its ownership, and by 2010 a 51.33% share of the Korean company had become a 10% one. The 2009 Ssangyong failure also saw riot police quell protesting Ssangyong workers who staged a 77-day-long

sit in A sit-in or sit-down is a form of direct action that involves one or more people occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change. The protestors gather conspicuously in a space or building, refusing to m ...

. SAIC may have benefitted from exposure to some technology from Mercedes that Ssangyong controlled during this time.

2010 to present

In 2010, SAIC produced 3.58 million units, the largest output of any China-based automaker that year. In June 2010, Magneti Marelli and Shanghai Automobile Gear Works (SAGW) officially launched a new joint venture plant in the Jiading district near Shanghai, China. SAGW, the main Chinese manufacturer of transmissions for the automotive sector, is a subsidiary of SAIC Motor. In February 2011, SAIC unveiled a new commercial vehicles marque,

Maxus SAIC Maxus Automotive Co., Ltd. trading as Maxus and sometimes known by the pinyin transcription of its Chinese name, Datong (大通) is a Chinese vehicle brand. Currently, it is a commercial and passenger vehicle manufacturer being a wholly ...

. On 13 April 2011, vehicle assembly resumed at the MG Motor UK Longbridge plant as the first

MG 6 The MG6 is a compact car which has been produced by Chinese manufacturer SAIC Motor under the MG marque since 2010. It is slotted slightly above the compact sedan MG GT, and the compact hatchback MG 5. First generation The first-generation ...

to be produced in the United Kingdom came off the production line, but ended in 2016 when SAIC moved production to China. it retained a technical subsidiary

SAIC Motor UK SAIC Motor Technical Centre (also known as SMTC UK) is subsidiary of the Chinese automaker SAIC Motor via SAIC Motor UK Holdings. SAIC Motor also controls MG Motor UK for sales and distribution, but is independent of the technical subsidiary. ...

on site until 2019. In 2011, SAIC produced 3.97 million vehicles, the largest output of any China-based automaker that year. In June 2012, SAIC's United States-based subsidiary Shanghai Automotive Industries Corp USA, Inc. opened a new North American Operations Center in Birmingham, Michigan. The opening ceremony was attended by

Rick Snyder Richard Dale Snyder (born August 19, 1958) is an American business executive, venture capitalist, attorney, accountant, and politician who served as the 48th governor of Michigan from 2011 to 2019. A member of the Republican Party, Snyder previo ...

, Governor of Michigan, Oakland County Executive L. Brooks Patterson, and senior executives from General Motors and SAIC Motor. The 30,000-square-foot, three-story facility will house nearly 100 staff and focus on sourcing components. In 2012, SAIC retained its top spot among domestic rivals by producing around 3.5 million units.

Mergers and company name-changes

The present-day SAIC is the product of numerous mergers and corporate re-structurings. ''Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Components Company'' was founded in December 1955. In March 1958, ''Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Components Company'' and ''Shanghai Powertrain Equipment Manufacturing Company'' were merged into ''Shanghai Powertrain Machinery Manufacturing Company''. In January 1960, ''Shanghai Powertrain Machinery Manufacturing Company'' was renamed ''Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Company''. In April 1969, ''Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Company'' was renamed ''Shanghai Tractor Industry Company''. ''Shanghai Automobile & Tractor Company'' was established in July 1984. In March 1990, ''Shanghai Automobile & Tractor Company'' was renamed ''Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation''. ''Shanghai Automotive Industry Corp (Group)'' was founded in September 1995.

Marques

SAIC sells vehicles under a variety of

brand A brand is a name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's good or service from those of other sellers. Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising for recognition and, importantly, to create ...

s. Brand names that are exclusive to SAIC include

Maxus SAIC Maxus Automotive Co., Ltd. trading as Maxus and sometimes known by the pinyin transcription of its Chinese name, Datong (大通) is a Chinese vehicle brand. Currently, it is a commercial and passenger vehicle manufacturer being a wholly ...

, MG, Roewe, and

Yuejin Nanjing Automobile is a state-owned enterprise with a history that dates from 1947,

. Products produced by SAIC joint venture companies are sold under marques including

Baojun Baojun () is a Chinese automobile marque owned by a joint venture of General Motors and SAIC Motor, SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile. History The Baojun marque was established in 2010 as a cheaper alternative to existing GM brands Chevrolet and Buic ...

, Buick, Chevrolet, Cadillac, Iveco,

Škoda Škoda means ''pity'' in the Czech and Slovak languages. It may also refer to: Czech brands and enterprises * Škoda Auto, automobile and previously bicycle manufacturer in Mladá Boleslav ** Škoda Motorsport, the division of Škoda Auto respons ...

,

Volkswagen Volkswagen (),English: , . abbreviated as VW (), is a German motor vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony, Germany. Founded in 1937 by the German Labour Front under the Nazi Party and revived into a global brand post-W ...

,

Audi Audi AG () is a German automotive manufacturer of luxury vehicles headquartered in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. As a subsidiary of its parent company, the Volkswagen Group, Audi produces vehicles in nine production facilities worldwide. Th ...

, and Wuling.

Maxus

Maxus was formed in 2011 following the acquisition of

LDV Group LDV Group Limited, formerly Leyland DAF Vans, was a British van manufacturer based in Washwood Heath, Birmingham. Historically part of Rover Group and Leyland DAF, it was later a wholly owned subsidiary of the Russian GAZ Group. Owing to the ...

by SAIC in 2010, and produces MPVs, pickup trucks, and SUVs for both domestic sale and global export. File:Maxus G20 005.jpg,

Maxus G20 The Maxus G20 is a large luxury MPV or minivan launched on the Chinese car market in April 2019 during the Shanghai Auto Show by Maxus. Maxus is a sub-brand owned by the Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC). The G20 is similar to the M ...

File:Maxus T70 001.jpg,

Maxus T70 SAIC Maxus Automotive Co., Ltd. trading as Maxus and sometimes known by the pinyin transcription of its Chinese name, Datong (大通) is a Chinese vehicle brand. Currently, it is a commercial and passenger vehicle manufacturer being a wholly o ...

File:Maxus D60 001.jpg,

Maxus D60 The Maxus D60 is a mid-size SUV produced by Chinese automaker SAIC under the sub-brand Maxus since 2019. Overview Previewed by the Maxus Tarantula Concept revealed during the 2018 Beijing Auto Show, the Maxus D60 debuted on February 28, 2019, ...

MG

MG Motor designs, develops and markets cars sold under the

MG marque MG is a British automotive marque founded by Cecil Kimber in the 1920s, and M.G. Car Company Limited was the British sports car manufacturer that made the marque famous. Best known for its open two-seater sports cars, MG also produced saloon ...

while vehicle manufacturing takes place at its factories in China and Thailand. MG Motor is the largest importer of Chinese made cars into the United Kingdom. File:MG 5 II 006.jpg, MG 5 II File:MG 6 Pro 004.jpg, MG 6 II File:MG Pilot IMG001.jpg, MG Pilot (MG HS facelift)

Rising Auto (Feifan, R Brand)

Rising Auto (Feifan, 非凡), formerly R Brand, is an offshoot of SAIC's Roewe brand dedicated to new energy vehicles and intelligent vehicles. File:Feifan ER6 IMG001.jpg, Rising Auto ER6 File:Roewe R Marvel R IMG001.jpg, Rising Auto Marvel R File:Feifan ES33 Concept 001.jpg, Rising Auto R7 (ES33 Concept)

Roewe

Roewe was introduced by SAIC in 2006. It is sold in most export markets outside China under the

MG Motor MG Motor UK Limited (MG Motor) is an automotive industry, automotive company owned by SAIC Motor UK, headquartered in London, owned by the Shanghai-based Chinese state-owned automaker SAIC Motor. MG Motor designs, develops and markets cars sol ...

marque. File:Roewe i5 facelift IMG001.jpg, Roewe i5 File:Roewe ei6 Max IMG001.jpg, Roewe i6 File:Roewe RX5 ePlus IMG001.jpg, Roewe eRX5 Plus

Joint ventures

SAIC participates in cooperative efforts with foreign automakers that see the products of large international companies such as General Motors and Volkswagen made and sold in China. The following is only a partial list.

iM (Zhiji Motor)

SAIC launched a premium auto brand “IM” (dubbed “Zhiji Motor” in Chinese) jointly developed with Shanghai's

Pudong New Area Pudong is a district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name ''Pudong'' was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank, directly across from the west bank or Puxi, the historic city ...

government and Alibaba on January 13, 2021. During the brand launch, two concept vehicles under the IM brand were unveiled at the same time including an all-electric D-segment sedan and an all-electric crossover SUV. According to SAIC Motor, “IM” stands for Intelligence in Motion.

Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive

A

joint venture A joint venture (JV) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership, shared returns and economic risk, risks, and shared governance. Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four rea ...

between SAIC and

Volkswagen Group Volkswagen AG (), known internationally as the Volkswagen Group, is a German multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony, Germany. The company designs, manufactures and distributes passenger and commercial ...

. It was founded in 1984 and produces cars under the Volkswagen, Skoda, and Audi brands. File:Volkswagen Lavida III 001.jpg, Volkswagen Lavida File:Skoda Octavia Pro IMG001.jpg, Skoda Octavia Pro File:Audi A7L 001.jpg, Audi A7L

Shanghai General Motors Corporation

This joint venture between SAIC and General Motors manufactures and sells Chevrolet, Buick, and Cadillac brand automobiles in

Mainland China "Mainland China" is a geopolitical term defined as the territory governed by the People's Republic of China (including islands like Hainan or Chongming), excluding dependent territories of the PRC, and other territories within Greater China. ...

. File:Chevrolet Menlo EV 002.jpg, Chevrolet Menlo File:Buick Enlave Chinese version 001.jpg, Buick Enclave II File:Cadillac CT6 facelift 001.jpg, Cadillac CT6

SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile (SGMW)

A

joint venture A joint venture (JV) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership, shared returns and economic risk, risks, and shared governance. Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four rea ...

between SAIC, General Motors, and Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co Ltd. Based in

Liuzhou Liuzhou (; , IPA Pronunciation:) is a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. The prefecture's population was 3,758,700 in 2010, including 1,436,599 in the built-up area made of 4 urban ...

,

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Guangxi (; ; alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in South China and bordering Vietnam ( ...

, in

southwestern China Southwest China () is a region in the south of the People's Republic of China. Geography Southwest China is a rugged and mountainous region, transitioning between the Tibetan Plateau to the west and the Chinese coastal hills (东南丘陵) and ...

, it makes commercial and consumer vehicles sold in China under the Wuling and

Baojun Baojun () is a Chinese automobile marque owned by a joint venture of General Motors and SAIC Motor, SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile. History The Baojun marque was established in 2010 as a cheaper alternative to existing GM brands Chevrolet and Buic ...

brands. SGMW has recently found great success as an electric vehicle manufacturer — as of 2021, the venture's

Wuling Hongguang Mini EV The Wuling Hongguang Mini EV () is a battery electric city car manufactured by SAIC-GM-Wuling since 2020. Retail deliveries began in China in July 2020. , sales since inception have passed 500,000 units, and the Mini EV has become the best-sell ...

city car is the best-selling electric car in China by volume. File:Wuling Xingchen 001.jpg, Wuling Xingchen File:五菱宏光mini EV 9733 1.jpg, Wuling Mini EV File:Baojun E300 20210208.jpg, Baojun E300 / Kiwi EV

SAIC Iveco Hongyan

SAIC Iveco Hongyan was established in January 2003 as Chongqing Hongyan and traces its origins back to a Chinese manufacturer established in 1965. The company is focused on producing Iveco-based heavy trucks which are mostly marketed under the Hongyan marque. File:Public Transport Maintenance 3-39 at Lücunnanzhan (20180701164149).jpg, Hongyan Genlyon

Nanjing Iveco Auto Co Ltd ("New Naveco")

File:Naveco (Nanjing Iveco) Daily Ousheng 001.jpg, Iveco Daily Ousheng

Shanghai Sunwin Bus

This joint venture produces passenger buses. File:11 S0Q-0026.jpg, Sunwin iev10 File:SWB6120V4LE S2B-055.JPG, Sunwin SWB6120V4LE, based on Volvo B7RLE chassis

SAIC-Charoen Pokphand

SAIC produces MG Motors vehicles through this joint venture with

Charoen Pokphand The Charoen Pokphand Group Company, Ltd. (CP) (; ) is a Thai conglomerate based in Bangkok. It is Thailand's largest private company and the largest privately held Royal Warrant holder of the Thai Royal Family. The company describes itself as havi ...

for their Thailand subsidiary.

Technomous

Established with Austrian technology provide
TTTech
in 2018 for Intelligent and Autonomous Driving solutions.

Sales

Facilities

MG Motor UK HQ - SAIC UK Technical & Design Centre

SAIC has numerous production facilities in China, including sites in: Chongqing,

Liuzhou Liuzhou (; , IPA Pronunciation:) is a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. The prefecture's population was 3,758,700 in 2010, including 1,436,599 in the built-up area made of 4 urban ...

, Qingdao,

Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flowin ...

, Shenyang, and

Yantai Yantai, formerly known as Chefoo, is a coastal prefecture-level city on the Shandong Peninsula in northeastern Shandong province of People's Republic of China. Lying on the southern coast of the Bohai Strait, Yantai borders Qingdao on the ...

. It also had an assembly plant in the United Kingdom, the Longbridge plant, It also has a plant in

Chonburi Chonburi ( th, ชลบุรี, , IAST: , ) is the capital of Chonburi Province and Mueang Chonburi District in Thailand. It is about 100 km southeast of Bangkok, on the coast of the Gulf of Thailand. Its name means 'city of water'. Chonb ...

, Thailand,

Halol Halol is a city and a municipality (tehsil) in Panchmahal district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Located in western India, it has an average elevation of 499 metres (1637 feet). Halol is a major manufacturing hub of Western India, ...

, India and one in

Lahore Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest city ...

, Pakistan.

Research and development

SAIC operated a large research and development centre in the United Kingdom, the SAIC Motor UK Technical Centre, which as of 2012 employed around 275 engineers and 25 designers. The UK Technical Centre was the principal site worldwide for the development of MG cars, also playing a major role in the development of Roewe products. However in June 2019, SAIC Motor closed the UK Technical Centre making over 300 engineers redundant in the process.

Notes

External links

* {{authority control Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1955 Companies in the CSI 100 Index Companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange Car manufacturers of China Government-owned companies of China Multinational companies headquartered in China Chinese brands

History

Origins to 2000

2000 to 2010

2010 to present

Mergers and company name-changes

Marques

Maxus

MG

Rising Auto (Feifan, R Brand)

Roewe

Joint ventures

iM (Zhiji Motor)

Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive

Shanghai General Motors Corporation

SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile (SGMW)

SAIC Iveco Hongyan

Nanjing Iveco Auto Co Ltd ("New Naveco")

Shanghai Sunwin Bus

SAIC-Charoen Pokphand

Technomous

Sales

Facilities

Research and development

See also

Notes

External links