Serra da Bocaina National Park is a
national park
A national park is a natural park in use for conservation purposes, created and protected by national governments. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Although individual ...
of
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
. It is located at the border between the states of
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...
and
São Paulo
São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for ' Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaW ...
in southeastern Brazil.
Location
Created by Federal Decree in 1971 and comprises an area of approximately and a significant biodiversity. The park headquarters is located in São José do Barreiro, the State of São Paulo. It is administered by the
Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation
The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation ( Portuguese: ''Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade'', ICMBio) is the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment's administrative arm."Brazilian Federal Law 11.516/2007 (Po ...
(ICMBio).
It is estimated that 60% of the vegetation is composed of native
Atlantic Forest
The Atlantic Forest ( pt, Mata Atlântica) is a South American forest that extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the northeast to Rio Grande do Sul state in the south and inland as far as Paraguay and th ...
, and the rest is forest regenerated (secondary) for over 30 years.
The highest point is Pico do Tira o Chapéu, which reaches above sea level, one of the highest points of the State of São Paulo.
The park is part of the
Bocaina Mosaic, created in 2006.
Biota
Among the species of flora are pines, cedars, trumpet trees, palm trees and bromeliads. Among the fauna of the park are cats, sloths, deer, monkeys, snakes and birds.
A number of amphibians are only known from the park and its buffer area: ''
Brachycephalus vertebralis'', ''
Ischnocnema pusilla'', ''
Bokermannohyla ahenea'', ''
Bokermannohyla clepsydra'', ''
Scinax ariadne'', ''
Megaelosia bocainensis'', ''
Physalaemus barrioi'', and ''
Paratelmatobius gaigeae''.
See also
*
Três Pontas Mountains
References
Sources
*
National parks of Brazil
Protected areas of Rio de Janeiro (state)
Protected areas of São Paulo (state)
Protected areas of the Atlantic Forest
{{Brazil-protected-area-stub