The Pashiko class (パシコ) locomotives were a group of

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tender locomotive A tender or coal-car (US only) is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood, coal, oil or torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so ...

s of the Chosen Government Railway (''Sentetsu'') with

4-6-2 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The locomotiv ...

wheel arrangement. The "Pashi" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-6-2 wheel arrangement were called "Pacific". In all, Sentetsu owned 144 locomotives of all Pashi classes, of which 141 survived the war; of these, 73 went to the

Korean National Railroad The Korea Railroad Corporation (Korean: 한국철도공사, Hanja: ), branded as KORAIL (코레일, officially changed to in November 2019), is the national railway operator in South Korea. Currently, KORAIL is a public corporation, managed ...

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and 68 to the

Korean State Railway The Korean State Railway (), commonly called the State Rail () is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of North Korea and has its headquarters at P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Chang Jun Song. History 1945–195 ...

North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu River, Y ...

Description

Sentetsu designed the Pashiko class as a successor to the Pashishi class, with the first example, パシコ1, being delivered from Sentetsu's

Gyeongseong Works Seoul has been known in the past by successive names, including Wiryeseong () and Hanseong (Baekje era), Bukhansangun (Goguryo era), Hanyang (North and South states period), Namgyeong (, Goryeo era), Hanyangbu (Goryeo under Mongol rule), Hanseong ...

in October 1939, and the second following a month later. They were not only the largest of all Sentetsu passenger locomotives in size, but at they were the heaviest of all Sentetsu locomotives of any type, and with a maximum speed of they were the fastest as well. Like the Matei class, which was the largest of all Sentetsu's freight locomotives, the Pashiko class had a firegrate area of , and like the Pashishi and its related classes, it was designed to use

lignite Lignite, often referred to as brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible, sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35%, and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat ...

abundant in Korea, which is less efficient than

anthracite Anthracite, also known as hard coal, and black coal, is a hard, compact variety of coal that has a submetallic luster. It has the highest carbon content, the fewest impurities, and the highest energy density of all types of coal and is the hig ...

and thus requires a large heating area, and featured a

combustion chamber A combustion chamber is part of an internal combustion engine in which the fuel/air mix is burned. For steam engines, the term has also been used for an extension of the firebox which is used to allow a more complete combustion process. Interna ...

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and a conical

boiler A boiler is a closed vessel in which fluid (generally water) is heated. The fluid does not necessarily boil. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications, including water heating, central h ...

. Unlike the other Pashi classes, which had drivers of diameter, the Pashiko had even larger drivers of .

Postwar

After the

Liberation Liberation or liberate may refer to: Film and television * ''Liberation'' (film series), a 1970–1971 series about the Great Patriotic War * "Liberation" (''The Flash''), a TV episode * "Liberation" (''K-9''), an episode Gaming * '' Liberati ...

and

partition of Korea The division of Korea began with the defeat of Japan in World War II. During the war, the Allied leaders considered the question of Korea's future after Japan's surrender in the war. The leaders reached an understanding that Korea would be li ...

, they were divided between

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating Direction (geometry), direction or geography. Etymology T ...

and

South South is one of the cardinal directions or Points of the compass, compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Pro ...

, but the specifics of which engine went where are unclear.

Korean National Railroad 파시5 (Pasi5) class

At least eighteen Pashiko class engines went south to the

, where they became 파시5 (''Pasi5'') class, and they were widely used on passenger trains until at least 1967. 파시5-5 was partially streamlined and given a special livery of black with white and red trim in the mid-1950s by the

US Army Transportation Corps The Transportation Corps is a combat service support branch of the U.S. Army. It is responsible for the movement of personnel and material by truck, rail, air, and sea. It is one of three U.S. Army logistics branches, the others being the Qu ...

railway crews.

Korean State Railway 바시오 (Pasio) class

The locomotives taken over by the Korean State Railway were initially designated 바시오 (''Pasio'') class. The total number, their service lives and subsequent fates are unknown, but they were probably retired by the end of the 1960s.

References

{{DPRKloco Locomotives of Korea under Japanese rule Locomotives of South Korea Locomotives of North Korea Railway locomotives introduced in 1939 4-6-2 locomotives Gyeongseong Works locomotives Kawasaki locomotives