Segment or segmentation may refer to:

Biology

* Segmentation (biology), the division of body plans into a series of repetitive segments ** Segmentation in the human nervous system * Internodal segment, the portion of a nerve fiber between two Nodes of Ranvier *Segment, in

fruit anatomy Fruit anatomy is the plant anatomy of the internal structure of fruit. Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. They are found in three main anatomical categories: aggregate fruits, multiple fruits, and simple fruits. Aggr ...

, a section of a citrus fruit *Parts of a

genome In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is all the genetic information of an organism. It consists of nucleotide sequences of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The nuclear genome includes protein-coding genes and non-coding g ...

, especially in virology

Computing and communications

Memory segmentation Memory segmentation is an operating system memory management technique of division of a computer's primary memory into segments or sections. In a computer system using segmentation, a reference to a memory location includes a value that identifi ...

, the division of computer memory into segments **

Segment descriptor In memory addressing for Intel x86 computer architectures, segment descriptors are a part of the segmentation unit, used for translating a logical address to a linear address. Segment descriptors describe the memory segment referred to in the lo ...

Data segment In computing, a data segment (often denoted .data) is a portion of an object file or the corresponding address space of a program that contains initialized static variables, that is, global variables and static local variables. The size of thi ...

Code segment In computing, a code segment, also known as a text segment or simply as text, is a portion of an object file or the corresponding section of the program's virtual address space that contains executable instructions. Segment The term "segment" ...

Image segmentation In digital image processing and computer vision, image segmentation is the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple image segments, also known as image regions or image objects ( sets of pixels). The goal of segmentation is to simpli ...

, the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments * Time-series segmentation, the process of partitioning a time-series into a sequence of discrete segments in order to reveal the underlying properties of its source *

Network segmentation Network segmentation in computer networking is the act or practice of splitting a computer network into subnetworks, each being a network segment. Advantages of such splitting are primarily for boosting performance and improving security. Advan ...

, splitting a computer network into subnetworks **

Network segment A network segment is a portion of a computer network. The nature and extent of a segment depends on the nature of the network and the device or devices used to interconnect end stations. Ethernet According to the defining IEEE 802.3 standards ...

Packet segmentation In data communications networks, packet segmentation is the process of dividing a data packet into smaller units for transmission over the network. Packet segmentation happens at layer four of the OSI model; the transport layer. Segmentation ma ...

, the process of dividing a data packet into smaller units ** Segmentation and reassembly *

TCP segment The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite. It originated in the initial network implementation in which it complemented the Internet Protocol (IP). Therefore, the entire suite is commonl ...

ation, the process of dividing a data stream into segments for transmission * Segment architecture, a detailed, formal description of areas within an enterprise

Geometry

* Line segment, part of a line bounded by two end points *

Circular segment In geometry, a circular segment (symbol: ), also known as a disk segment, is a region of a disk which is "cut off" from the rest of the disk by a secant or a chord. More formally, a circular segment is a region of two-dimensional space that is ...

, the region of a circle cut off from the rest by a secant or chord *

Spherical segment In geometry, a spherical segment is the solid defined by cutting a sphere or a ball with a pair of parallel planes. It can be thought of as a spherical cap with the top truncated, and so it corresponds to a spherical frustum. The surface of t ...

, the solid defined by cutting a sphere with a pair of parallel planes * Arc (geometry), a closed segment of a differentiable curve

Language and linguistics

Segment (handwriting) A segment of handwriting is a piece of the pen-tip trajectory between two defined segmentation points. If the occurrence of a minimum in the absolute (tangential) velocity is used as a heuristic for segmentation, the pen-tip trajectory can be subd ...

, the pen-tip trajectory between two defined points *

Segment (linguistics) In linguistics, a segment is "any discrete unit that can be identified, either physically or auditorily, in the stream of speech". The term is most used in phonetics and phonology to refer to the smallest elements in a language, and this usage can b ...

, a discrete unit of speech *

Speech segmentation Speech segmentation is the process of identifying the boundaries between words, syllables, or phonemes in spoken natural languages. The term applies both to the mental processes used by humans, and to artificial processes of natural language proces ...

, identifying the boundaries between words in spoken languages *

Text segmentation Text segmentation is the process of dividing written text into meaningful units, such as words, sentences, or topics. The term applies both to mental processes used by humans when reading text, and to artificial processes implemented in comp ...

, dividing written text into meaningful units

Other uses

Segmentary lineage A segmentary lineage society has equivalent parts ("segments") held together by shared values. A segmentary lineage society is a type of tribal society. A close family is usually the smallest and closest segment and will generally stand togethe ...

, a model in social anthropology *

Market segmentation In marketing, market segmentation is the process of dividing a broad consumer or business market, normally consisting of existing and potential customers, into sub-groups of consumers (known as ''segments'') based on some type of shared charact ...

, dividing a broad market into sub-groups of consumers *

Euro Car Segment Excepting those of the Europe-wide safety assessment programme Euro NCAP, vehicle segments in Europe do not have formal characterization or regulations. Although the definition is vague, there is little overlap between segments A–F based on weight ...

, EU descriptions of car types

Biology

Computing and communications

Geometry

Language and linguistics

Other uses

See also