Schramberg
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Schramberg is a town in the district of Rottweil, in
Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...
,
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. It is situated in the eastern
Black Forest The Black Forest (german: Schwarzwald ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is t ...
, 25 km northwest of
Rottweil Rottweil (; Alemannic: ''Rautweil'') is a town in southwest Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Rottweil was a free imperial city for nearly 600 years. Located between the Black Forest and the Swabian Alps, Rottweil has nearly 25,000 in ...
. With all of its districts (Talstadt, Sulgen, Waldmössingen, Heiligenbronn, Schönbronn and
Tennenbronn Tennenbronn is a district of Schramberg in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Eu ...
(since 2006)), it has about 22,000 inhabitants. One of the streams flowing through the Schramberg valley is the Schiltach. The "Bach na Fahrt", a traditional raft race held on Carnival Monday, is known far and wide and attracts up to 30,000 spectators each year.


Nearby towns and municipalities

The following towns and municipalities border Schramberg: Lauterbach, Schiltach,
Aichhalden Aichhalden is a municipality in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Geography Geographical location Aichhalden is located in the east of the Black Forest. Its around 640 to 720 meters above sea level. It borders on Sch ...
,
Fluorn-Winzeln Fluorn-Winzeln is a municipality in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Geography Geographical location Fluorn-Winzeln is located on the eastern edge of the Black Forest on the Neckar Valley, about six kilometers west of ...
,
Oberndorf am Neckar Oberndorf am Neckar (; Swabian: ''Oberndorf am Näggô'') is a town in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the river Neckar, north of Rottweil. It historically was and currently is a major center of t ...
, Bösingen,
Dunningen Dunningen ( Swabian: ''Dunninga'') is a town in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Dunningen Geography Dunningen is located at the centre of the administrative district of Rottweil in the south western part of Bad ...
,
Eschbronn Eschbronn is a municipality in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. History and name The municipality of Eschbronn was created on 1 January 1972 by the merging of the towns of Locherhof and Mariazell as part of the . A prev ...
, Hardt, Königsfeld im Schwarzwald,
Sankt Georgen im Schwarzwald Sankt Georgen im Schwarzwald ( Low Alemannic: ''Sanderge'') is a town in Southwestern Baden-Württemberg, Germany and belongs to Schwarzwald-Baar County. Museums * Sammlung Grässlin The Sammlung Grässlin is an art collection in Germany. The ...
, Triberg im Schwarzwald (
Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis Schwarzwald-Baar () is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Ortenaukreis, Rottweil, Tuttlingen, Constance, the Swiss canton of Schaffhausen, and the districts W ...
) and
Hornberg Hornberg is a town in the Ortenaukreis, in western Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated in the Black Forest, 35 km southeast of Offenburg, and 25 km northwest of Villingen-Schwenningen. Sons and daughters of the town * ( ...
(
Ortenaukreis Ortenaukreis ( gsw, label= Low Alemannic, Ortenaukrais; french: Arrondissement de l'Ortenau) is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the west of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (clockwise from north) Rastatt, Freudenstadt, Rottwe ...
).


History

The origins of Schramberg date back to the year 1293, when the locality was first described as "Schrammenberg" ("wounded hill" or "scarred hill”). From 1643 Schramberg was the centre of the
Herrschaft Schramberg Herrschaft Schramberg was the territory of the Ducs (Reichgrafen von Bissingen – Nippenburg) in the Black Forest. It was part of Further Austria until 1804/05. The political center was the town of Schramberg. Herrschaft Schramberg is a toponym ...
, belonging to Further Austria until 1805. From 1805 Schramberg was part of the
Kingdom of Württemberg The Kingdom of Württemberg (german: Königreich Württemberg ) was a German state that existed from 1805 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Duchy of Württemberg, which exist ...
.


Economy

As with many other black forest communities, industrialisation began in Schramberg in the 19th century. The first manufacturers produced stoneware, straw goods and enamel. In 1861 the Junghans clock factory was founded in Schramberg. At the beginning of the 20th century Junghans became the biggest clock factory worldwide with 3000 employees. Many suppliers, such as spring producers, established their companies in the surroundings of Junghans. Although Junghans is now much smaller, it continues to produce innovative clocks and watches today. In recent years, companies such as "Kern-Liebers", "Trumpf" and the PCB producer "Schweizer" employ many of Schramberg's inhabitants and commuters from nearby communities.


Transport

Schramberg was the terminus of the
Schiltach-Schramberg railway The Schiltach–Schramberg railway line was a railway line in Germany. At one time, the line branched off at Schiltach from the Kinzig Valley Railway (Black Forest). The line connected the City of Schramberg to the international railway system. ...
, which was formerly an important railway line for freight traffic. The line existed in 1892–1990.


Education

Schramberg has a Gymnasium, a Realschule, a
special school Special education (known as special-needs education, aided education, exceptional education, alternative provision, exceptional student education, special ed., SDC, or SPED) is the practice of educating students in a way that accommodates th ...
, two
elementary school A primary school (in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Australia, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, and South Africa), junior school (in Australia), elementary school or grade school (in North America and the Philippines) is a school for primary ed ...
s and three combinations of elementary school and
Hauptschule A ''Hauptschule'' (, "general school") is a secondary school in Germany, starting after four years of elementary schooling (''Grundschule''), which offers Lower Secondary Education (Level 2) according to the International Standard Classification ...
. Additionally there are a
vocational school A vocational school is a type of educational institution, which, depending on the country, may refer to either secondary or post-secondary education designed to provide vocational education or technical skills required to complete the tasks ...
with Berufskolleg, a
nursing school Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life. Nurses may be differentiated from other health ca ...
, a school for
intellectually disabled Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability in the United Kingdom and formerly mental retardation,Rosa's Law, Pub. L. 111-256124 Stat. 2643(2010). is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by signific ...
people and a school for the blind and disabled.


Twin towns – sister cities

Schramberg is twinned with: * Hirson, France (1958) *
Charleroi Charleroi ( , , ; wa, Tchålerwè ) is a city and a municipality of Wallonia, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. By 1 January 2008, the total population of Charleroi was 201,593.
, Belgium (1964) * Lachen, Switzerland (1965) * Čakovec, Croatia (1989) * Glashütte, Germany (1989)


Notable people

* Bernhard Heine (1800–1846), physician and bone expert *
Otto Ernst Schweizer Otto Ernst Schweizer (27 April 1890 – 14 November 1965) was a German architect. His work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics The 1932 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the X Ol ...
(1890–1965), architect *
Georg Knöpfle Georg "Schorsch" Knöpfle (15 May 1904 – 14 December 1987) was a German football player and coach. As a player, he received 23 international caps and was part of the German squad at the 1928 Summer Olympics. Honours * Bundesliga champion: 1964 ...
(1904–1987), footballer * Rosalinde Haas (born 1932), organist * Martin Weppler (born 1958), sprinter * Uta-Maria Heim (born 1963), writer and artist * Kerstin Andreae (born 1968), politician


Associated with the town

* Eva Zeisel (1906–2011), designer, worked in the Schramberg Maiolica factory *
Martin Grüner Martin Grüner (19 July 1929 – 4 February 2018) was a Germany, German politician and member of the Free Democratic Party (Germany), Free Democratic Party (FDP). Hailing from Schramberg, he was Parliamentary Secretary at the Economics Ministry ...
(1929–2018), politician ( FDP), grew up here *
Bernd Richter Bernhard "Bernd" Richter (born 3 April 1943 in Prague) is a German politician and retired Oberstudienrat. From 1993 until 1995 Richter was the leader of the ödp, or Ecological Democratic Party. Born in Prague, he currently lives in the Black ...
(born 1943), politician, founder of the ödp, lives here *
Christophe Neff Christophe Neff (born 10 June 1964 in Tübingen, Germany) is a Franco-German geographer, working on Mediterranean ecosystems, the geography of the Mediterranean Basin and fire ecology at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. He is considered a ...
(born 1964), Franco-German geographer, grew up here and did scientific research here


References


Bibliography

* Franz Fehrenbacher und Gisela Lixfeld: ''Stadt im Bild.Schramberg.'' Sutton, Erfurt 1999. *
Erich Keyser Erich Keyser (12 October 1893 – 21 February 1968) was a Nazi activist and far-right nationalist historian connected with the anti-Polish ideology of Ostforschung and the racist Volkisch movement. He supported German expansion in Central and Easter ...
(Hrsg.): ''Württembergisches Städtebuch. Band IV Teilband Baden-Württemberg Band 2 aus "Deutsches Städtebuch. Handbuch städtischer Geschichte"''. Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 1962. * Gisela Lixfeld: ''Momentaufnahmen Schramberg. Ein Lesebuch.'' Straub, Schramberg 1992. * Grosse Kreisstadt Schramberg (Hrsg.): ''Schramberg. Ein Bildband mit Texten.'' Mit Texten von Franz Fehrenbacher und Rolf Linkenheil. Eigenverlag, Schramberg 1981. * Museums- und Geschichtsverein Schramberg e.V. und Große Kreisstadt Schramberg (Hrsg.): ''Schramberg. Adelsherrschaft, Marktflecken, Industriestadt.'' Straub, Schramberg 2004. * C. Neff, S. Bassing, A. Scheid, C. Jentsch, S. Franger: ''Emploi du brûlage dirigé pour la protection de l’environnement et l’entretien du paysage – observations sur quelques examples français (Pyrénées Orientales & Gard) et allemands (Raumschaft Schramberg Forêt Noire /Allemagne)''. In: Alexander Scheid, Christophe Neff, Christoph Jentsch (Hrsg.): ''Flächenextensivierung im Mittleren Schwarzwald. Ergebnisse und Diskussion der in der Raumschaft Schramberg durchgeführten geographischen und landschafts – feuerökologischen Untersuchungen''. (Materialien zur Geographie, Bd. 34). Geographisches Institut der Universität Mannheim, Mannheim 2004.


External links

*
Schramberg: informations and pictures
{{Authority control Württemberg