''A Treatise on Political Economy; or The Production, Distribution, and Consumption of Wealth'' (in English) known as ''Traité D'économie Politique'' in French. is an

industrial economics In economics, industrial organization is a field that builds on the theory of the firm by examining the structure of (and, therefore, the boundaries between) firms and markets. Industrial organization adds real-world complications to the perfe ...

book written by Jean-Baptiste Say. The first edition of ''Political Economy'' was published in 1803. The fifth edition, published in 1826, was the final one within Say's lifetime. The sixth edition, published in 1846, with Say's final corrections, was edited by Say's eldest son, Horace Émile Say, an economist himself. ''Political Economy'' was translated into English "from the 4th edition of the French" by C. R. Prinsep (1821), into German by Ludwig Heinrich von Jakob (1807) and by C. Ed. Morstadt (1818 and 1830), and, according to Say, into Spanish by José Queypo. In 1804, due to his opposition to

Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...

, Say left employment with the government of France. He then turned to studying industrial pursuits, specifically

cotton Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus '' Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor pe ...

milling in Auchy, The plant was a spinning-mill with 400 to 500 employees, principally women and children. Say spent his time revising ''Political Economy.'' The volume had gone out print and the French government had denied him permission to reprint it. When the allied powers deposed the Napoleonic regime in 1814, Say published the second edition of ''Political Economy''. He dedicated it to

Tsar Alexander I of Russia Alexander I (; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1801, the first King of Congress Poland from 1815, and the Grand Duke of Finland from 1809 to his death. He was the eldest son of Emperor Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. The son of Gra ...

, who had claimed to be Say's pupil.Richard Whatmore
Ancients versus Moderns? The Politics of Political Economy in France From Rousseau to Constant
/ref> In 1814, the new French government sent Say to

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world. It i ...

to study its economic conditions. The results of his observations during his journey through England and

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a Anglo-Scottish border, border with England to the southeast ...

appeared in a tract ''De l'Angleterre et des Anglais.'' Say's; research on this trip led him to refine his principles in the third edition of ''Political Economy, published in 1817.'' Between 1828 and 1830, Say published his ''Cours complet d'économie politique pratique,'' which was an expansion of ''Political Economy'' to practical applications.

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The Sixth edition of Say's Political Economy

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Further reading

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