The church of Saint Anthony in Campo Marzio, known as Saint Anthony of the Portuguese ( it, Sant'Antonio dei Portoghesi, pt, Santo António dos Portugueses), is a

Baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including ...

Roman Catholic

titular Titular may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * Title character in a narrative work, the character referred to in its title Religion * Titular (Catholicism), a cardinal who holds a titulus, one of the main churches of Rome ** Titular bisho ...

church in

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

, dedicated to Saint Anthony of Lisbon. The church functions as a

national church A national church is a Christian church associated with a specific ethnic group or nation state. The idea was notably discussed during the 19th century, during the emergence of modern nationalism. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, in a draft discussing ...

of the Portuguese community residing in that city and pilgrims visiting

and the

Vatican Vatican may refer to: Vatican City, the city-state ruled by the pope in Rome, including St. Peter's Basilica, Sistine Chapel, Vatican Museum The Holy See * The Holy See, the governing body of the Catholic Church and sovereign entity recognized ...

. It also serves the Brazilian community. Established as titulus ''S. Antonii in Campo Martio'' in 2001, it is currently assigned to Cardinal Manuel José Macário do Nascimento Clemente.

History

The national church of the

Portuguese people The Portuguese people () are a Romance nation and ethnic group indigenous to Portugal who share a common culture, ancestry and language. The Portuguese people's heritage largely derives from the pre-Celts, Proto-Celts ( Lusitanians, C ...

was originally founded in 1445 at the behest of Cardinal Antonio Martinez de Chaves adjacent to a hospice for Portuguese pilgrims. The hospice, with a small chapel dedicated to Our Lady of Bethlehem, had been founded in the fourteenth century by the noblewoman Guiomar of Lisbon. It was rebuilt in 1638 to a design by Martino Longhi the Younger. The ribbed dome was designed by

Carlo Rainaldi Carlo Rainaldi (4 May 1611 – 8 February 1691) was an Italian architect of the Baroque period. Biography Born in Rome, Rainaldi was one of the leading architects of 17th century Rome, known for a certain grandeur in his designs. He worked at f ...

in 1674."Church of Sant' Antonio dei Portoghesi", ''Roma'', sito turistico ufficiale
/ref> Work on the facade continued under Cristoforo Schor in 1695. The stained glass window above the door depicts St Anthony with the Child Jesus. The church and hospice were closed in 1799 during Napoleon's occupation; the Portuguese government recovered the property in 1814. The hospice later became the ''Istituto Portoghese di Sant'Antonio in Roma'' which sponsors, language classes, conferences, and concerts. The church's main organ is located on the balcony over the entrance. The barrel vault ceiling is stuccoed by Pompeo Gentile and frescoed by Salvatore Nobili. The interior is decorated in polychrome marble. The main altarpiece is

Giacinto Calandrucci Giacinto Calandrucci (Palermo 20 April 1646 – 22 February 1707, Palermo) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. Originally from Palermo, he moved to Rome with his fellow Palermitan painter and engraver Pietro del Pò. Like many pai ...

's 1707 ''The Virgin handing the Holy Child to St Anthony''. The first chapel on the left is dedicated to St. Anthony of Egypt; the second is the Chapel of the Nativity. It contains three artworks by

Antonio Concioli Antonio Concioli (1739 – November 28, 1820) was an Italian painter, mainly depicting sacred subjects in a Neoclassical style. Biography Born in Pergola, Marche, to a family of professionals and bureaucrats, he was likely a descendant of the j ...

: a ''Nativity'', ''Adoration by the Magi'', and ''Repose in Egypt''. The Sampaio Chapel in the left transept is dedicated to the Immaculate Conception. It includes

Pietro Bracci Pietro Bracci (1700–1773) was an Italian sculptor working in the Late Baroque manner. Biography He was born in Rome and became a student of Giuseppe Bartolomeo Chiari and Camillo Rusconi. His most familiar works are the colossal ''Oceanus' ...

's 1750 funerary monument of

Manuel Pereira de Sampaio Manuel Pereira de Sampaio (Lagos; 1692 - Rome; February 1750) was a Portuguese nobleman and diplomat, who served as King John V of Portugal's ambassador to the Holy See. He is remembered notably for having secured the styling of ''Most Faithful M ...

, Portuguese ambassador to the Holy See and Governor of Sant'Antonio dei Portoghesi. A second monument, by

Filippo della Valle Filippo della Valle (26 December 1698 – 29 April 1768) was an Italian late-Baroque or early Neoclassic sculptor, active mostly in Rome. Biography Della Valle was born in Florence. Initially apprenticed with Giovanni Battista Foggini in F ...

, designed for the church is now at the

Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga The Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga (; MNAA), also known in English as the National Museum of Ancient Art, is a Portuguese national art museum located in Lisbon. With over 40,000 items spanning a vast collection of painting, sculpture, goldware, fur ...

in Lisbon. The marble balustrade that enclosed the chapel was sold off by the French in 1807. The chapel in the right transept is dedicated to St. Elizabeth of Portugal. The altarpiece of St Elizabeth is by

Luigi Agricola Luigi Agricola (c. 1750 – 1821 or after) was an Italian painter active in Rome. He also worked with jewelry. He painted a ''St. Michael the Archangel'' for the Academy of St Luke in Rome, where he was a professor. He painted an altarpiec ...

. The first chapel on the right is dedicated to St Catherine of Alexandria and contains a neoclassic monument to ''Alexandre de Sousa Holstein'' sculpted by

Antonio Canova Antonio Canova (; 1 November 1757 – 13 October 1822) was an Italian Neoclassical sculptor, famous for his marble sculptures. Often regarded as the greatest of the Neoclassical artists,. his sculpture was inspired by the Baroque and the cla ...

in 1808; The second chapel on the right, the Cimini Chapel is dedicated to John the Baptist. The altarpiece is the ''Baptism of Christ'' by Calandrucci. The church interior was remodeled in the late eighteenth century."S. Antonio dei Portoghesi", ''Roma:Caput Mundi'', Boston College
/ref>

Cardinal-Priests

Since the 2001 consistory of

Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...

, the church has been used as a

titular church In the Catholic Church, a titular church is a church in Rome that is assigned to a member of the clergy who is created a cardinal. These are Catholic churches in the city, within the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Rome, that serve as honorary des ...

. *

José Policarpo José da Cruz Policarpo, GCC (; 26 February 1936 – 12 March 2014), officially referred to as José IV, Patriarch of Lisbon, though usually referred to as "D. José Policarpo", was Patriarch of Lisbon from 24 March 1998 to 18 May 2013. Po ...

(21 February 2001 – 12 March 2014) * Manuel José Macário do Nascimento Clemente (14 Feb 2015 – ''present'')

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sant Antonio Dei Portoghesi Antonio Dei Portoghesi Antonio Dei Portoghesi Antonio Dei Portoghesi Antonio Dei Portoghesi Antonio Portoghesi