''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family

Rosaceae Rosaceae (), the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera. The name is derived from the type genus ''Rosa''. Among the most species-rich genera are '' Alchemilla'' (270), ''Sorb ...

native to the temperate regions of the

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...

. The common name is burnet.

Description

The plants are

herbaceous Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials. Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous" The fourth edition o ...

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also widel ...

s or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50–200 cm tall and have a cluster of basal leaves, with further leaves arranged alternately up the stem. The leaves are pinnate, 5–30 cm long, with 7-25 leaflets, the leaflets with a serrated margin. Young leaves grow from the crown in the center of the plant. The flowers are small, produced in dense clusters 5–20 mm long; each flower has four very small petals, white to red in colour.

Species

The following species are accepted: *'' Sanguisorba albanica'' András. & Jáv. *'' Sanguisorba albiflora'' (Makino) Makino *''

Sanguisorba alpina ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Bunge *'' Sanguisorba ancistroides'' (Desf.) Ces. *'' Sanguisorba annua'' (Nutt. ex Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray – annual burnet, prairie burnet, western burnet *'' Sanguisorba applanata'' T.T.Yu & C.L.Li *'' Sanguisorba armena'' Boiss. *'' Sanguisorba azovtsevii'' Krasnob. & Pshenich. *''

Sanguisorba canadensis ''Sanguisorba canadensis'', the white burnet or Canadian burnet, is a species of flowering plant in the Rose family Rosaceae, native to North America. This herbaceous perennial commonly grows in bogs, swamps, and roadsides from Labrador to Georgi ...

'' L. – Canadian burnet, white burnet *'' Sanguisorba cretica'' Hayek *''

Sanguisorba diandra ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Hook.f.) Nordborg *'' Sanguisorba dodecandra'' Moretti – Italian burnet *'' Sanguisorba durui'' Yild. *'' Sanguisorba filiformis'' (Hook.f.) Hand.-Mazz. *''

Sanguisorba hakusanensis ''Sanguisorba hakusanensis'', the Korean mountain burnet, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, native to Korea and Japan. Its Japanese name means "coming from Haku", a mountain in Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and fo ...

'' Makino *''

Sanguisorba hybrida ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (L.) Font Quer *''

Sanguisorba indica ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Gardner) Tirveng. *''

Sanguisorba japonensis ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Makino) Kudô *''

Sanguisorba × kishinamii ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Honda *''

Sanguisorba lateriflora ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Coss.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché *''

Sanguisorba longifolia ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Bertol. *''

Sanguisorba magnifica ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' I.Schischk. & Kom. *''

Sanguisorba mauritanica ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' Desf. *''

Sanguisorba megacarpa ''Sanguisorba'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet. Description The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50 ...

'' (Lowe) Muñoz Garm. & C.Navarro *'' Sanguisorba menendezii'' (Svent.) Nordborg – Canary Islands burnet *''

Sanguisorba minor ''Sanguisorba minor'', the salad burnet, garden burnet, small burnet, burnet (also used for ''Sanguisorba'' generally), pimpernelle, Toper's plant, and burnet-bloodwort, is an edible perennial herbaceous plant in the family Rosaceae. It has fe ...

'' Scop. – salad burnet, garden burnet, little burnet *''

Sanguisorba obtusa ''Sanguisorba obtusa'', the Japanese burnet, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, native to Japan (Honshu). Growing up to tall by broad, this rhizomatous herbaceous perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a ...

'' Maxim. – Japanese burnet *'' Sanguisorba occidentalis'' Nutt. *''

Sanguisorba officinalis ''Sanguisorba officinalis'', commonly known as great burnet, is a plant in the family Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae. It is native throughout the cooler regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, northern Asia, and northern North America. It ...

'' L. – great burnet, burnet bloodwort *'' Sanguisorba × poroshirensis'' S.Watan. *'' Sanguisorba × pseudo-officinalis'' Naruh. *'' Sanguisorba riparia'' Juz. *'' Sanguisorba rupicola'' (Boiss. & Reut.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché *'' Sanguisorba sirnakia'' Yild. *'' Sanguisorba stipulata'' Raf. *'' Sanguisorba × takahashihideoi'' Naruh. *'' Sanguisorba tenuifolia'' Fisch. ex Link

Ecology

'' is a food plant for the larvae of the

grizzled skipper ''Pyrgus'' is a genus in the skippers butterfly family, Hesperiidae, known as the grizzled skippers. The name "checkered" or "chequered skipper" may also be applied to some species, but also refers to species in the genera '' Burnsius'' and '' ...

(''Pyrgus malvae'') and the mouse moth (''Amphipyra tragopoginis'').

Cultivation and uses

Burnets are cultivated as garden plants. Many

cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture ...

s have been bred, especially from '' S. officinalis''. '' S. canadensis'' is grown for its white flowers on stems that well exceed a meter tall. The plants hybridize easily, producing new mixes.Sutton, J
''Sanguisorba'' in Cultivation.
''The Plantsman''. Royal Horticultural Society. June, 2007. 78-83. '' S. obtusa'' is valued for its foliage of pink-edged, gray-green leaves.Bourne, V
How to grow: ''Sanguisorba''.
''The Daily Telegraph'' September 21, 2002. ''Sanguisorba officinalis'' is used medicinally in Asia to treat gastrointestinal conditions and bleeding. ''Sanguisorba minor'', salad burnet, has similarly been used medicinally in Europe to control bleeding. The leaves have a cucumber flavour and can be eaten in salads, or used fresh or dried and made into a tea.

Etymology

The Latin genus name ''Sanguisorba'' means ‘blood stauncher’. ‘Sanguis’ is a cognate with ‘sanguine’, meaning 'blood'. ‘Sorbeo’ means 'to staunch’. The plant is known to have

styptic An antihemorrhagic (antihæmorrhagic) agent is a substance that promotes hemostasis (stops bleeding). It may also be known as a hemostatic (also spelled haemostatic) agent. Antihemorrhagic agents used in medicine have various mechanisms of action ...

properties.

References

{{taxonbar , from=Q158282 Rosaceae genera