Saarländischer Rundfunk
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Saarländischer Rundfunk (SR; ''Saarland Broadcasting'') is a public radio and television broadcaster serving the German
state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...
of
Saarland The Saarland (, ; french: Sarre ) is a state of Germany in the south west of the country. With an area of and population of 990,509 in 2018, it is the smallest German state in area apart from the city-states of Berlin, Bremen, and Hamburg, and ...
. With headquarters in the Halberg Broadcasting House in
Saarbrücken Saarbrücken (; french: link=no, Sarrebruck ; Rhine Franconian: ''Saarbrigge'' ; lb, Saarbrécken ; lat, Saravipons, lit=The Bridge(s) across the Saar river) is the capital and largest city of the state of Saarland, Germany. Saarbrücken is S ...
, SR is a member of the ARD consortium of German public-broadcasting organizations.


History

Broadcasting in the Saarland began in 1929, under the
League of Nations The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference that ...
mandate. In 1935, when the Saar rejoined Germany,
Joseph Goebbels Paul Joseph Goebbels (; 29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German Nazi politician who was the ''Gauleiter'' (district leader) of Berlin, chief propagandist for the Nazi Party, and then Reich Minister of Propaganda from 1933 to 19 ...
's
Propagandaministerium The Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda (; RMVP), also known simply as the Ministry of Propaganda (), controlled the content of the press, literature, visual arts, film, theater, music and radio in Nazi Germany. The ministry ...
established the ''Reichssender Saarbrücken'', under the control of the ''Reichs-Rundfunk GmbH Berlin''. After
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, the Saarland was placed under French administration as the
Saar Protectorate The Saar Protectorate (german: Saarprotektorat ; french: Protectorat de la Sarre) officially Saarland (french: Sarre) was a French protectorate separated from Germany; which was later opposed by the Soviet Union, one side occupying Germany like ...
. The French military government established ''Radio Saarbrücken'' to serve the area. This became ''Saarländischer Rundfunk'' following the re-establishment of civilian government on 31 December 1947. In 1952, the Saarland introduced a law reorganizing radio broadcasting, and created ''Saarländischer Rundfunk GmbH'', a limited company. In 1953, SR expanded into television and started a second radio network, SR2. The Saarland became part of the
Federal Republic of Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between ...
in 1957 and Saarländischer Rundfunk was converted into a public broadcasting corporation, patterned on the system in other
Länder Länder (singular Land) or Bundesländer (singular Bundesland) is the name for (federal) states in two German-speaking countries. It may more specifically refer to: * States of Austria, the nine federal subdivisions of Austria * States of Germany ...
, and renamed ''Saarländischer Rundfunk''. The organization joined the ARD alliance of broadcasting corporations in 1959. On 5 April 1969, the three broadcasters then covering southwest Germany – Saarländischer Rundfunk, Südwestfunk (SWF; Southwest Broadcasting), and Süddeutscher Rundfunk (SDR, South German Broadcasting) – initiated a joint third television channel, known as ''Südwest 3'' or ''S3''. The new channel operated on only three days a week at first, then expanded to four days in September 1969, and to the whole week in 1971. On 30 August 1998, S3 became ''SR Südwest Fernsehen'', planned in co-operation with
Südwestrundfunk Südwestrundfunk (SWR; ''Southwest Broadcasting'') is a regional public broadcasting corporation serving the southwest of Germany , specifically the federal states of Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate. The corporation has main offices ...
, the successor to SWF and SDR. Since 11 September 2006 it has been called simply SR Fernsehen. 70% of its programming is identical to that of the new SWR Fernsehen, but the on-screen logo and other graphic-design features are different. A teletext service, Saartext, has operated since 2 October 1989. On 1 November 1964, the SR reorganized its radio services, converting SR1 – previously a general network – into the music station ''SR1 Europawelle Saar''. A new station, SR3, was launched, aimed at immigrant workers in the region. Since 7 January 1980, SR3 has been known as ''SR3 Saarlandwelle'' and is the main regional station for the Saar. SR2 became ''SR2 Studiowelle Saar'' in 1967. From 1972 until 1990, this station was organized in co-operation with SDR and SWF, and from 1990 until 1994 in co-operation with
Hessischer Rundfunk Hessischer Rundfunk (HR; "Hesse Broadcasting") is the German state of Hesse's public broadcasting, public broadcasting corporation. Headquartered in Frankfurt, it is a member of the national consortium of German public broadcasting corporations, ...
's ''hr2'' station. From 1 January 1995, the station has been known as ''SR2 KulturRadio'' and is now programmed independently. SR4, the fourth radio service, began on 6 November 1989. The station carried programming for immigrant workers and, from 1 March 1999, coverage of debates in the
Bundestag The Bundestag (, "Federal Diet") is the German federal parliament. It is the only federal representative body that is directly elected by the German people. It is comparable to the United States House of Representatives or the House of Commons ...
and Bundesrat (the two houses of the German parliament). When parliament was not sitting, SR4 carried SR2 and SR3 programmes. On 1 March 1999, the SR began a youth station, ''UnserDing'', produced in co-operation with the SWR's youth service ''DASDING''. In January 2004, SR4 was closed and its frequencies were taken over by ''UnserDing''.


Organization and finances


Chairmen of the Saarländischer Rundfunk

* 1935–1938: Adolf Raskin, Director of ''Reichssenders Saarbrücken'' (Imperial Broadcasting Saarbrücken) * 1938–1945:
Karl Mages Karl may refer to: People * Karl (given name), including a list of people and characters with the name * Karl der Große, commonly known in English as Charlemagne * Karl Marx, German philosopher and political writer * Karl of Austria, last Austria ...
, Director of ''Reichssenders Saarbrücken'', and later director of ''Radio Saarbrücken'' and first director of SR. * 1945–1947:
Emanuel Charrin Emanuel may refer to: * Emanuel (name), a given name and surname (see there for a list of people with this name) * Emanuel School, Australia, Sydney, Australia * Emanuel School, Battersea, London, England * Emanuel (band), a five-piece rock ban ...
, Officier-Chef du Center Emetteur, later ''Contrôleur Général'' of ''Radio Saarbrücken'' * 1947–1948:
Gérard Losson Gérard ( French: ) is a French masculine given name and surname of Germanic origin, variations of which exist in many Germanic and Romance languages. Like many other early Germanic names, it is dithematic, consisting of two meaningful constit ...
, General Director of Saarländischer Rundfunk * 1948–1955:
Frédéric Billmann Frédéric and Frédérick are the French versions of the common male given name Frederick. They may refer to: In artistry: * Frédéric Back, Canadian award-winning animator * Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor * Frédéric Bazille, Impress ...
, new General Director of Saarländischer Rundfunk (under French postwar administration) * 1953–1954:
Hans Wettmann Hans may refer to: __NOTOC__ People * Hans (name), a masculine given name * Hans Raj Hans, Indian singer and politician ** Navraj Hans, Indian singer, actor, entrepreneur, cricket player and performer, son of Hans Raj Hans ** Yuvraj Hans, Punjabi ...
, second General Director of Saarländischer Rundfunk * 1954–1955: , new second General Director of Saarländischer Rundfunk * 1955–1958:
Eugen Meyer Eugen is a masculine given name which may refer to: * Archduke Eugen of Austria (1863–1954), last Habsburg Grandmaster of the Teutonic Order from 1894 to 1923 * Prince Eugen, Duke of Närke (1865–1947), Swedish painter, art collector, and pat ...
, provisional managing director of "Saarländischer Rundfunk GmbH" * 1958–1978:
Franz Mai Franz may refer to: People * Franz (given name) * Franz (surname) Places * Franz (crater), a lunar crater * Franz, Ontario, a railway junction and unorganized town in Canada * Franz Lake, in the state of Washington, United States – see ...
, Director of the public broadcaster Saarländischer Rundfunk (under West German administration, after Saarland was reunited with West Germany) * 1978–1989:
Hubert Rohde Hubert Rohde (28 February 1929 in Hildesheim–17 February 2019) was a German pedagogue and politician, representative of the German Christian Democratic Union. Life Hubert Rohde was born in a Christian family in Hildesheim. To avoid being rec ...
* 1989–1996:
Manfred Buchwald ''Manfred: A dramatic poem'' is a closet drama written in 1816–1817 by Lord Byron. It contains supernatural elements, in keeping with the popularity of the ghost story in England at the time. It is a typical example of a Gothic fiction. B ...
* 1996–2011: Fritz Raff * Since July 2011: Thomas Kleist


Finances

Every household in Germany is lawfully bound to pay a 17,50 Euro
poll tax A poll tax, also known as head tax or capitation, is a tax levied as a fixed sum on every liable individual (typically every adult), without reference to income or resources. Head taxes were important sources of revenue for many governments fr ...
per month as so called "Rundfunkbeitrag" (broadcast contribution) to finance the public broadcast system. The fee is collected by ''
Beitragsservice von ARD, ZDF und Deutschlandradio The ( en, Contribution service of ARD, ZDF and Deutschlandradio), commonly referred to simply as , is the organization responsible for collecting the television and radio fee () from private individuals, companies and institutions in Germany. ...
''.


Programming

SR provides programmes to various TV and radio networks, some done in collaboration with other broadcasters, and others completely independently.


TV channels

*
SR Fernsehen SR Fernsehen is a regional public service television channel owned and operated by Saarländischer Rundfunk (SR) and serving Saarland. It is one of the seven regional "third programmes" that are offered within the federal ARD network. The cha ...
– Third TV channel for the Saarland, part of a regional collaboration with
Südwestrundfunk Südwestrundfunk (SWR; ''Southwest Broadcasting'') is a regional public broadcasting corporation serving the southwest of Germany , specifically the federal states of Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate. The corporation has main offices ...
. *
Das Erste Das Erste (; "The First") is the flagship national television channel of the ARD association of public broadcasting corporations in Germany. ''Das Erste'' is jointly operated by the nine regional public broadcasting corporations that are member ...
– SR contributes programming to Germany's main network. *
Phoenix Phoenix most often refers to: * Phoenix (mythology), a legendary bird from ancient Greek folklore * Phoenix, Arizona, a city in the United States Phoenix may also refer to: Mythology Greek mythological figures * Phoenix (son of Amyntor), a ...
– collaborative network programming between the ARD and
ZDF ZDF (, short for Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen; ; "Second German Television") is a German public-service television broadcaster based in Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate. It is run as an independent nonprofit institution, which was founded by all fe ...
. *
KiKa KiKA (contraction of ''Der KinderKAnal von ARD und ZDF''  ARD and ZDF">ARD_(broadcaster).html" ;"title="he Children's Channel of ARD (broadcaster)">ARD and ZDF]) is a German free-to-air television channel based in Erfurt, Germany. It is man ...
– Children's network from the ARD and ZDF. *
Arte Arte (; (), sometimes stylized in lowercase or uppercase in its logo) is a European public service channel dedicated to culture. It is made up of three separate companies: the Strasbourg-based European Economic Interest Grouping ARTE, plus ...
– Franco-German cultural network *
3sat In logic and computer science, the Boolean satisfiability problem (sometimes called propositional satisfiability problem and abbreviated SATISFIABILITY, SAT or B-SAT) is the problem of determining if there exists an interpretation that satisfie ...
– Cultural network from the ARD, ZDF,
ORF ORF or Orf may refer to: * Norfolk International Airport, IATA airport code ORF * Observer Research Foundation, an Indian research institute * One Race Films, a film production company founded by Vin Diesel * Open reading frame, a portion of the ...
(Austrian Broadcasting), and SRG SSR (Swiss Broadcasting).


Radio stations

* SR 1 Europawelle ("Europe Wave") – Pop music and information * SR 2 Kulturadio – High culture, classical music, drama, opera * SR 3 Saarlandwelle ("Saarland Wave") – Music in German and French language (mostly chanson and schlager), also news from Saarland. * UnserDing ("Our Thing") – Youth-oriented programming, in cooperation with DASDING from Südwestrundfunk. * Antenne Saar – Spoken word information with Franco-German character.


Transmitters

* Heusweiler radio transmitter (broadcasts
Deutschlandfunk Deutschlandfunk (DLF, ''Broadcast Germany'') is a public-broadcasting radio station in Germany, concentrating on news and current affairs. It is one of the four national radio channels produced by Deutschlandradio. History Broadcasting in the ...
's programming) *VHF and TV transmitters on the Göttelborner Höhe, in the
Moselle River The Moselle ( , ; german: Mosel ; lb, Musel ) is a river that rises in the Vosges mountains and flows through north-eastern France and Luxembourg to western Germany. It is a left bank tributary of the Rhine, which it joins at Koblen ...
valley, and in the
Blies The Blies () is a right tributary of the Saar in southwestern Germany (Saarland) and northeastern France (Moselle). The Blies flows from three springs in the Hunsrück near Selbach, Germany. It is roughly 100 km long, ending in the French c ...
valley.


See also

*
Europe 1 Europe 1, formerly known as Europe n° 1, is a privately owned radio station created in 1955. Owned and operated by Lagardère Active, a subsidiary of the Lagardère Group, it is one of the leading radio broadcasting stations in France and its pro ...
*
German television Television in Germany began in Berlin on 22 March 1935, broadcasting for 90 minutes three times a week. It was home to the first public television station in the world, named ''Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow''. In 2000, the German television market h ...


References


External links


Saarländischer Rundfunk
homepage, . {{DEFAULTSORT:Saarlandischer Rundfunk ARD (broadcaster) Mass media companies of Germany Television networks in Germany Television stations in Germany Radio stations in Germany German-language television networks Television channels and stations established in 1969 Mass media in Saarbrücken