Rose Agatha Leon (20 October 1911 – 16 August 1999) was a Jamaican businesswoman and politician. In August 1999, she was murdered in her home.

Biography

Leon was born to a pharmacist, Benjamin Joseph Huie, and Adella née Murray Hui on 20 October 1911 in

Saint Ann Parish Saint Ann is the largest parish in Jamaica. It is situated on the north coast of the island, in the county of Middlesex, roughly halfway between the eastern and western ends of the island. It is often called "the Garden Parish of Jamaica" on ac ...

. She was educated in the Central Branch Elementary School and Wolmer’s Girls’ School, both in Jamaica, and later in New York City at the Abyssinian School of Cosmetic Chemistry. Leon was married to Arthur Alexander Leon in 1932; the couple had two children.

Politics

Leon first became politically active in the early 1940s, when she became a councilor for the

Kingston and St. Andrew Corporation The Kingston and Saint Andrew Corporation (KSAC) is a unit of local government in Jamaica. It was formed in 1923 when the parishes of Saint Andrew and Kingston were administratively merged. It is divided into 15 Political Constituencies, which ar ...

. From 1944 she was a member of the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP). In 1948 she became chair of the Jamaica Labour Party, making her the first woman to chair a national political party. Leon held that position for 12 years. In 1949, she was elected into the Jamaica House of Representatives, and in 1953 was appointed minister of health and social welfare, holding that post until 1955. Leon held her seat in the 1955 elections, beating PNP candidate William Seivwright. In 1960 she left the JLP due to its lack of support for the

Federation of the West Indies A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government (federalism). In a federation, the self-governi ...

. Leon was not able to win re-election as an independent, and shortly afterwards joined the

People's National Party The People's National Party (PNP) is a social-democratic political party in Jamaica, founded in 1938 by independence campaigner Osmond Theodore Fairclough. It holds 14 of the 63 seats in the House of Representatives, as 96 of the 227 local go ...

. She returned to prominence in 1969, being elected as a local councillor, heading the local Roads and Works Committee from 1969 to 1972, and winning election in 1971 to a one year term as deputy mayor of Kingston. From 1972–1976 she was Minister of Local Government in the Manley government, and during the following four years was the special adviser to the minister of social security. In 1980, she retired from politics. From 1951 to 1999 Leon was senior justice of the peace in St. Andrew.

Cosmetics business

Having returned to Jamaica from studying chemistry in the US, she founded the Leon School of Beauty Culture with her husband. She pioneered a line of locally-made beauty products, providing an alternative to imports. Right up until her death, Leon taught at the school.

Awards and other work

Leon was involved in the foundation of the Jamaica Federation of Women in 1944, the Jamaica Manufacturers’ Association in 1947, and advocated for the West Indies' Federation. She volunteered in several places. In 1956 Leon was given the

Keys to the City The Freedom of the City (or Borough in some parts of the UK) is an honour bestowed by a municipality upon a valued member of the community, or upon a visiting celebrity or dignitary. Arising from the medieval practice of granting respected ...

of New York by

John Lindsay John Vliet Lindsay (; November 24, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American politician and lawyer. During his political career, Lindsay was a U.S. congressman, mayor of New York City, and candidate for U.S. president. He was also a regular ...

, the mayor. Two years later she visited Liberia at the request of

William Tubman William Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman (29 November 1895 – 23 July 1971) was a Liberian politician. He was the 19th president of Liberia and the longest-serving president in the country's history, serving from his election in 1944 until his death ...

, the nation's

president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

. In 1982 she was made a

Commander of the Order of Distinction The Order of Distinction is a national order in the Jamaican honours system. It is the sixth in order of precedence of the Orders of Societies of Honour, which were instituted by an Act of Parliament (''The National Honours and Awards Act'') i ...

. She also received various awards from other Jamaican groups.

Killing

Leon was murdered in August 1999 by several robbers while in her home in Kingston, Jamaica. She was 85 years old. In the aftermath of her killing, numerous Jamaican politicians apologized for potentially fostering a climate that led to such killings occurring. Anthony Abrahams, a former politician and radio show host, said, "We were part of the process...We are part of a failed state and as such we failed the country. With all the opportunity I had, I just slipped into the political system without really bucking it." Other politicians echoed his sentiments. In 2002 an annual lecture in her memory was created by the Jamaica Women's Political Caucus.

References