The Rolls-Royce Avon was the first

axial flow An axial compressor is a gas compressor that can continuously pressurize gases. It is a rotating, airfoil-based compressor in which the gas or working fluid principally flows parallel to the axis of rotation, or axially. This differs from other ...

jet engine designed and produced by

Rolls-Royce Rolls-Royce (always hyphenated) may refer to: * Rolls-Royce Limited, a British manufacturer of cars and later aero engines, founded in 1906, now defunct Automobiles * Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, the current car manufacturing company incorporated in ...

. Introduced in 1950, the engine went on to become one of their most successful post-

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

engine designs. It was used in a wide variety of aircraft, both military and civilian, as well as versions for stationary and maritime power. An

English Electric Canberra The English Electric Canberra is a British first-generation, jet-powered medium bomber. It was developed by English Electric during the mid- to late 1940s in response to a 1944 Air Ministry requirement for a successor to the wartime de Havil ...

transatlantic flight A transatlantic flight is the flight of an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe, Africa, South Asia, or the Middle East to North America, Central America, or South America, or ''vice versa''. Such flights have been made by fixed-wing air ...

by a jet, and a BOAC

de Havilland Comet 4 The de Havilland DH.106 Comet was the world's first commercial jet airliner. Developed and manufactured by de Havilland in the United Kingdom, the Comet 1 prototype first flew in 1949. It featured an aerodynamically clean design with four ...

jet airliner A jet airliner or jetliner is an airliner powered by jet engines (passenger jet aircraft). Airliners usually have two or four jet engines; three-engined designs were popular in the 1970s but are less common today. Airliners are commonly clas ...

. Production of the Avon aero engine version ended after 24 years in 1974.Gunston 1989, p. 149. Production of the Avon-derived industrial version, currently produced by Siemens, continues to this day. The current version of the Avon, the Avon 200, is an industrial gas generator that is rated at . As of 2011, 1,200 Industrial Avons have been sold, and the type has established a 60,000,000 hour record for its class.

Design and development

The engine was initially a private venture put forward for the English Electric Canberra. Originally known as the AJ.65 for ''Axial Jet, 6,500 lbf'' the engine was based on an initial project concept by

Alan Arnold Griffith Alan Arnold Griffith (13 June 1893 – 13 October 1963), son of Victorian science fiction writer George Griffith, was an English engineer. Among many other contributions he is best known for his work on stress and fracture in metals that is n ...

."Rolls-Royce Aero Engines" Gunston, Bill, Patrick Stephens Limited 1989, , p.131,132,133 which combined an axial compressor with a combustion system and single-stage turbine using principles proven in the

Rolls-Royce Nene The Rolls-Royce RB.41 Nene is a 1940s British centrifugal compressor turbojet engine. The Nene was a complete redesign, rather than a scaled-up Rolls-Royce Derwent"Rolls-Royce Aero Engines" Bill Gunston, Patrick Stephens Limited 1989, , p.111 w ...

engine. Design work began in 1945. The Avon design team was initially headed by

Stanley Hooker Sir Stanley George Hooker, CBE, FRS, DPhil, BSc, FRAeS, MIMechE, FAAAS, (30 September 1907 – 24 May 1984) was a mathematician and jet engine engineer. He was employed first at Rolls-Royce where he worked on the earliest designs such as ...

assisted by

Geoff Wilde Geoffrey Light Wilde (21 May 1917 – 18 August 2007) was a British engineer employed by Rolls-Royce Limited. Early life Geoffrey Light Wilde was born in Warwickshire. He was first educated in France, where his father Alfred was working. His f ...

. Development of the engine was moved from Barnoldswick to Derby in 1948 and Hooker subsequently left the company, moving to Bristol Engines. The first engine ran on 25 March 1947, with a 12-stage compressor. The engine was difficult to start, would not accelerate and broke first-stage blades. Two-position inlet guide vanes and compressor bleed were among the design changes which allowed the engine, as the RA.2, to run a 25-hour test and fly in the two outboard positions on the converted

Avro Lancastrian The Avro 691 Lancastrian was a Canadian and British passenger and mail transport aircraft of the 1940s and 1950s developed from the Avro Lancaster heavy bomber. The Lancaster was named after Lancaster, Lancashire; a Lancastrian is an inhabita ...

military serial ''VM732'', from

Hucknall Hucknall, formerly Hucknall Torkard, is a market town in the Ashfield district of Nottinghamshire, England. It lies 7 miles north of Nottingham, 7 miles south-east of Kirkby-in-Ashfield, 9 miles from Mansfield and 10 miles south of Sutton-i ...

on 15 August 1948. The first production engine, which needed a two-stage turbine, was the RA.3, or Avon Mk 101. Several modified versions of this design were produced in the Mk. 100 series. The Avon 200 series was a complete redesign having very little in common with earlier Marks. Differences included a completely new combustion section and a 15-stage compressor based on that of the

Armstrong-Siddeley Sapphire The Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire is a British turbojet engine that was produced by Armstrong Siddeley in the 1950s. It was the ultimate development of work that had started as the Metrovick F.2 in 1940, evolving into an advanced axial flow de ...

. The first application was the Vickers Valiant.

Operational history

The engine entered production in 1950 as the RA.3/Mk.101 with 6,500 lbf (29 kN) thrust in the English Electric Canberra B.2. Similar versions were used in the Canberra B.6, Hawker Hunter and Supermarine Swift. Uprated versions followed, the RA.7/Mk.114 with thrust in the de Havilland Comet C.2, the RA.14/Mk.201, 9,500 lbf (42 kN) in the Vickers Valiant and the RA.26, 10,000 lbf (44 kN) used in the Comet C.3 and Hawker Hunter F.6. An Avon-powered de Havilland Comet 4 flew the first scheduled transatlantic jet service in 1958. The highest thrust version was the RA.29 Mk.301/2 (RB.146) used in later versions of the

English Electric Lightning The English Electric Lightning is a British fighter aircraft that served as an interceptor during the 1960s, the 1970s and into the late 1980s. It was capable of a top speed of above Mach 2. The Lightning was designed, developed, and manufa ...

. It produced 12,690 lbf (56,450 N) and 17,110 lbf (72,770 N)"World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines – 5th edition" by

Bill Gunston Bill Gunston (1 March 1927 – 1 June 2013) was a British aviation and military author. He flew with Britain's Royal Air Force from 1945 to 1948, and after pilot training became a flying instructor. He spent most of his adult life doing resear ...

, Sutton Publishing, 2006, p.195 with afterburning. Other aircraft to use the Avon included the

de Havilland Sea Vixen The de Havilland DH.110 Sea Vixen is a British twin-engine, twin boom-tailed, two-seat, carrier-based fleet air-defence fighter flown by the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm during the 1950s through to the early 1970s. The Sea Vixen was designed by ...

Supermarine Scimitar The Supermarine Scimitar was a single-seat naval strike aircraft designed and produced by the British aircraft manufacturer Supermarine. Operated exclusively by the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm, it was the final aircraft to be entirely designed a ...

and

Fairey Delta The Fairey Delta 2 or FD2 (internal designation Type V within Fairey) is a British supersonic research aircraft that was produced by the Fairey Aviation Company in response to a specification from the Ministry of Supply for a specialised aircraf ...

2. The RA.3/Mk.109 was produced under licence by

Svenska Flygmotor Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...

as the RM5, and an uprated RA.29 as the RM6 with 17,110 lbf (76,110 N) thrust. The RM5 powered the

Saab 32 Lansen The Saab 32 Lansen (English: Lance) is a two-seat, transonic military aircraft designed and manufactured by Saab AB from 1955 to 1960 for the Swedish Air Force (''Flygvapnet''). Three principal variants of the Lansen were built for attack (A 32A ...

and the RM6 powered the

Saab 35 Draken The Saab 35 Draken (; 'The Kite' or 'The Dragon') is a Swedish fighter-interceptor developed and manufactured by Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolaget ( SAAB) between 1955 and 1974. Development of the Saab 35 Draken started in 1948 as the Swedish air f ...

and all-weather fighter version of the Lansen (J 32B). 300 Avon 113s, and a larger number of Avon 203s were produced under licence in Belgium by

Fabrique Nationale Fabrique Nationale Herstal (), trading as FN Herstal and often referred to as Fabrique Nationale or simply FN, is a leading firearms manufacturer based in Herstal, Belgium. It is currently the largest exporter of military small arms in Europe. ...

. In the US the RA.28-49 was used in the VTOL

Ryan X-13 Vertijet The Ryan X-13 Vertijet (company designation Model 69) was an experimental vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) jet aircraft built by Ryan Aeronautical and flown in the United States in the 1950s. The main objective of the project was to demons ...

aircraft. In Australia, the Avon was used by

Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation The Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC) was an Australian aircraft manufacturer. The CAC was established in 1936, to provide Australia with the capability to produce military aircraft and engines. History In 1935 the Chief General Manager ...

in the CA-27 Avon-Sabre. The Avon continued in production for the Sud Aviation Caravelle and English Electric (BAC) Lightning until 1974, by which time over 11,000 had been built. It remained in operational service with the RAF until 23 June 2006 in the English Electric Canberra PR.9. Initial design work was done on the 2-spool RB.106/RB.128 as an Avon successor for large supersonic fighters.

Variants and designations

;AJ65:The original designation, standing for Axial Jet 6,500 lbf thrust ;RA.1:Prototype engines for testing and development. ;RA.2:Pre-production engines for testing – ;RA.3:Civil designation for the first Avon production mark. First avon with a two-stage turbine. – ;RA.7:Civil designation for the uprated version of the Avon RA.3. Electrically started. – ;RA.7R:RA.7 with reheat. Meant for use with an afterburner. Explosive-cartridge started. – without afterburner, with afterburner. ;RA.14:Civil designation for the uprated version of the Avon with can-annular combustion chamber and Sapphire style compressor – ;RA.19: ;RA.19R:RA.19 with reheat. – with afterburner. ;RA.21:Production engine developed from the RA.7 – ;RA.21R:Production engine developed from the RA.7R. Same as the Avon Mk.21. ;RA.24: ;RA.24R:Same as the Avon Mk.47A. ;RA.25:Civil Mk.503 ;RA.26:Further improvements to the Avon 200 series – Civil Mk.521 ;RA.28:Second generation variant – ;RA.29:Civil designation for the Mk.300 series (used by the Sud Aviation Caravelle) ;RA.29/1: ;RA.29/3: ;RA.29/6:Same as the Avon Mk.533 – ;RB.146:Rolls-Royce designation for Avon Series 300

Avon Series 100

Avon Series 100 are early military versions of the Avon. ;Avon Mk.100:Military designation for the RA.3 Avon – ;Avon Mk.101C: ;Avon Mk.113: ;Avon Mk.114:Military designation for the RA.7 Avon – ;Avon Mk.115:Same as the Avon Mk.23 – ;Avon Mk.117: ;Avon Mk.118: ;Avon Mk.20:Australian version built on license by

CAC CAC may refer to: Arts * California Arts Council, an agency for advancing California through the arts and creativity * Campbelltown Arts Centre, multidisciplinary contemporary arts centre south-west of Sydney, Australia * Comics Arts Conference, ...

for the

CAC Sabre The CAC Sabre, sometimes known as the Avon Sabre or CA-27, is an Australian variant of the North American Aviation F-86F Sabre fighter aircraft. The F-86F was redesigned and built by the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC). Equipping five ...

Mk.31 – ;Avon Mk.21:Afterburning Swedish version built by RR and on license by SFA for the

Saab 32 The Saab 32 Lansen (English: Lance) is a two-seat, transonic military aircraft designed and manufactured by Saab AB from 1955 to 1960 for the Swedish Air Force (''Flygvapnet''). Three principal variants of the Lansen were built for attack (A 32A ...

A/C. Same as the RA.21R. Designated RM5A1. – without afterburner, with different afterburners. ;Avon Mk.21A:Improved Mk.21 with increased diameter on the engine outlet for more power. Built by RR and on license by SFA for the

A/C. Designated RM5A2. – without afterburner, with different afterburners. ;Avon Mk.23:Same as the Avon Mk.115. Non-afterburning Swedish version built by RR for the Hawker Hunter Mk.50. Designated RM5B1. – ;Avon Mk.24:Non-afterburning Swedish version built by RR for the Hawker Hunter Mk.50. Designated RM5B2. ;Avon Mk.25:Non-afterburning Swedish version built by RR for the Hawker Hunter Mk.50. Designated RM5B3. ;Avon Mk.26:Australian version built by

for the

Mk.32 –

Avon Series 200

Avon Series 200 are uprated military versions of the Avon with can-annular combustion chamber and Sapphire style compressor. ;Avon Mk.200: – ;Avon Mk.47A:Afterburning Swedish version built by RR and on license by SFA for the

B. Same as the RA.24R. Designated RM6A. – without afterburner, with afterburner. ;Avon Mk.48A:Afterburning Swedish version built by RR and on license by SFA for the Saab 35A/B/C. Designated RM6B. – without afterburner, with afterburner.

Avon Series 300

Avon Series 300 are further developed military after-burning versions of the Avon for the

. ;Avon Mk.300: – ;Avon Mk.301:The ultimate Military Avon for the

– dry, wet. ;Avon Mk.302:Essentially similar to the Mk.301 ;Avon Mk.60:Afterburning Swedish version built by RR and on license by SFA for the

D/F. Same as the RA.29R. Designated RM6C. – without afterburner, with afterburner. ;Westinghouse XJ54:Avon 300-series scaled-down by Westinghouse to 105 lb/sec airflow to produce 6,200 lb thrust.

Avon Series 500

Avon Series 500 are civilian equivalents to the military Avon Series 200 variants. ;Avon Mk.504: ;Avon Mk.506: ;Avon Mk.521: ;Avon Mk.522: ;Avon Mk.524: ;Avon Mk.524B: ;Avon Mk.525: ;Avon Mk.525B: ;Avon Mk.527: ;Avon Mk.527B: ;Avon Mk.530: ;Avon Mk.531: ;Avon Mk.531B: ;Avon Mk.532R: ;Avon Mk.532R-B: ;Avon Mk.533:Same as the RA.29/6 – ;Avon Mk.533R: ;Avon Mk.533R-11A:

Swedish designations

;Reaktionsmotor 3A – RM3A:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.101C ;Reaktionsmotor 5A1 – RM5A1:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.21 ;Reaktionsmotor 5A2 – RM5A2:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.21A ;Reaktionsmotor 5B1 – RM5B1:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.23 ;Reaktionsmotor 5B2 – RM5B2:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.24 ;Reaktionsmotor 5B3 – RM5B3:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.25 ;Reaktionsmotor 6A – RM6A:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.47A ;Reaktionsmotor 6B – RM6B:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.48A ;Reaktionsmotor 6C – RM6C:Swedish designation for the Avon Mk.60

Applications

Military aviation

Fairey Delta 2 The Fairey Delta 2 or FD2 (internal designation Type V within Fairey) is a British supersonic research aircraft that was produced by the Fairey Aviation Company in response to a specification from the Ministry of Supply for a specialised aircra ...

* Hawker Hunter *

* Supermarine Swift *

* Vickers Valiant

Civil aviation

de Havilland Comet The de Havilland DH.106 Comet was the world's first commercial jet airliner. Developed and manufactured by de Havilland in the United Kingdom, the Comet 1 prototype first flew in 1949. It featured an aerodynamically clean design with four ...

* Sud Aviation Caravelle

Other uses

*The Avon is also currently marketed as a compact, high reliability, stationary power source. As the AVON 1533, it has a maximum continuous output of 21,480 shp (16.02 MW) at 7,900 rpm and a thermal efficiency of 30%. An example can be found at

Didcot Power Station Didcot power station (Didcot B Power Station) is an active natural gas power plant that supplies the National Grid. A combined coal and oil power plant, Didcot A, was the first station on the site which opened in 1970 and was demolished betwe ...

in the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

where four Avon generators are used to provide

Black start A black start is the process of restoring an electric power station or a part of an electric grid to operation without relying on the external electric power transmission network to recover from a total or partial shutdown.Knight, U.G. ''Power ...

services to assist in a restart of the National Grid in the event of a system-wide failure, or to provide additional generating capacity in period of very high demand. *As a compact electrical generator, the type EAS1 Avon based generator can generate a continuous output of 14.9 MW. *On 4 October 1983, Richard Noble's

Thrust2 Thrust2 is a British designed and built jet propelled car, which held the world land speed record from 4 October 1983 to 25 September 1997. The Thrust2 is powered by a single Rolls-Royce Avon jet engine sourced from an English Electric Light ...

vehicle, powered by a single Rolls-Royce Avon 302 jet engine, set a new land-speed record of 1,019.46 km/h (633.46 mph) at the Black Rock Desert in Nevada.

Survivors

*Several Avon-powered Hawker Hunter aircraft remain airworthy in private ownership in 2010. *

Thunder City Thunder City is an aircraft operating and maintenance company based at the Cape Town International Airport in Cape Town, South Africa. It was well known for owning the largest civilian collection of former military jet aircraft in the world. Thes ...

in South Africa as of 2011 operated two Avon-powered

s.
SWAHF
operates three Saab Lansen and two Saab Draken airworthy for air shows.

Engines on display

*A Rolls-Royce Avon Mk 1 is on display at

Amrita University Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (or Amrita University) is a private deemed university based in Coimbatore, India. It currently has 7 campuses with 16 constituent schools across the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka ...

Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu Coimbatore, also spelt as Koyamputhur (), sometimes shortened as Kovai (), is one of the major metropolitan cities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of the Noyyal River and surrounded by the Western Ghats. Coimbat ...

in the Department of Aerospace Engineering's Lab. *A Mk 524 Avon has been restored at the

Museo Nacional de Aeronáutica de Argentina The National Aeronautics Museum "Brigadier Edmundo Civati Bernasconi" ( es, Museo Nacional de Aeronáutica) is an Argentine museum located in the city of Morón, Buenos Aires. Established in 1960, the museum is dedicated to the history of aviati ...

by the Museum Friend's Association in Moron, Argentina and is now on display. *An Avon Mk.203 was donated by Rolls-Royce to the

National Museum of the United States Air Force The National Museum of the United States Air Force (formerly the United States Air Force Museum) is the official museum of the United States Air Force located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, northeast of Dayton, Ohio. The NMUSAF is the ...

in July 1986 for public display. *A Rolls-Royce Avon is on public display at the

Midland Air Museum The Midland Air Museum (MAM) is situated just outside the village of Baginton in Warwickshire, England, and is adjacent to Coventry Airport. The museum includes the ''Sir Frank Whittle Jet Heritage Centre'' (named after the local aviation pionee ...

. *A preserved Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.203 is on display at the

Royal Air Force Museum London The Royal Air Force Museum London (also commonly known as the RAF Museum) is located on the former Hendon Aerodrome. It includes five buildings and hangars showing the history of aviation and the Royal Air Force. It is part of the Royal Air Fo ...

. *A partially sectioned Mk.101 Avon is on display at the

Royal Air Force Museum Cosford The Royal Air Force Museum Cosford, located in Cosford in Shropshire, is a free (currently, 2022) museum dedicated to the history of aviation and the Royal Air Force in particular. The museum is part of the Royal Air Force Museum, a non-departme ...

.RAF Museum – Rolls-Royce Avon
rafmuseum.org Retrieved: 27 January 2010 *A Rolls-Royce Avon is on display at the

Australian National Aviation Museum The Moorabbin Air Museum is an aviation museum at Moorabbin Airport in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It was founded in 1962 as the Australian Aircraft Restoration Group, in an attempt to maintain a World War II-era Bristol Beaufighter aircraf ...

, Moorabbin, Victoria, Australia *A Rolls-Royce Avon is on public display at East Midlands Aeropark *A Rolls-Royce Avon is on display at the

Fleet Air Arm Museum The Fleet Air Arm Museum is devoted to the history of British naval aviation. It has an extensive collection of military and civilian aircraft, aero engines, models of aircraft and Royal Navy ships (especially aircraft carriers), and paintin ...

RNAS Yeovilton Royal Naval Air Station Yeovilton, or RNAS Yeovilton, (HMS ''Heron'') is an airfield of the Royal Navy and British Army, sited a few miles north of Yeovil, Somerset. It is one of two active Fleet Air Arm bases (the other being RNAS Culdrose) ...

. *Several RR Avon engines are on display at the Queensland Air Museum, Caloundra, Australia *A Rolls-Royce Avon engine is on public display at the

Historical Aircraft Restoration Society The Historical Aircraft Restoration Society, often referred to by its acronym, HARS, is an Australian based aircraft restoration group. The group has two museums, at Shellharbour Airport in New South Wales, Australia, and Parkes, New South Wales ...

museum at

Illawarra Regional Airport Shellharbour Airport, formerly Illawarra Regional Airport, also referred as Albion Park Aerodrome or Wollongong Airport, is an airport located in Albion Park Rail, Shellharbour City, New South Wales, Australia. The Historical Aircraft Restor ...

, New South Wales, Australia. *A Rolls-Royce Avon engine is on public display at the Parkes Aviation Museum in Parkes, New South Wales, Australia. *A Rolls-Royce Avon is on display at the Classic Flyers Aircraft Museum, Mt Maunganui, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. *A Rolls-Royce Avon Mk.26 is on display at Mikes Dyno Tuning and Performance Engines, Dandenong, Victoria, Australia *A Rolls-Royce Avon (GAF) is on display at the

South Australian Aviation Museum The South Australian Aviation Museum, located in Port Adelaide, South Australia, is an aviation museum which displays aircraft, aircraft engines, and rockets of relevance to South Australia, and the history of aviation and the aerospace industr ...

, Port Adelaide, South Australia. *A Rolls-Royce Avon is on public display in the car park (under cover) at

South Lanarkshire College South Lanarkshire College is a further education institution in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. Its campus is located in East Kilbride, with new buildings completed in 2008 at a site between the town centre and the Kelvin industrial area. The colle ...

East Kilbride East Kilbride (; gd, Cille Bhrìghde an Ear ) is the largest town in South Lanarkshire in Scotland and the country's sixth-largest locality by population. It was also designated Scotland's first new town on 6 May 1947. The area lies on a rais ...

as an exhibit about

Nae Pasaran ''Nae Pasaran'' is a 2018 documentary directed by Felipe Bustos Sierra about a group of workers at a Rolls-Royce factory in East Kilbride, Scotland, who refused to work on Chilean Air Force parts from 1974-78 due to the atrocities carried out ...

. *A Rolls-Royce Avon MK 101 is on display at the entrance foyer of

Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya The Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya is one of the eight academic faculties at the university. It is the oldest engineering faculty in Sri Lanka. It offers full-time Undergraduate Courses leading to the degree of Bachelor of Sc ...

which was gifted by prof S. Mahalingam (engineer)

Specifications (Avon 301R)

References

Notes

Bibliography

*Gunston, Bill. ''World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines''. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. * *

External links

The fascinating story of the Rolls Royce Avon turbojet engine, the first Rolls Royce axial flow turbojetNational Museum of USAF – Avon MK 203 Turbojet
a 1955 ''Flight'' article on the Avon

a 1957 ''Flight'' article {{Navboxes , title=Articles and topics related to the Rolls-Royce Avon , state=collapsed , list1= {{RRaeroengines {{Volvo aeroengines {{Westinghouse aeroengines {{US military gas turbine aeroengines {{Swedish military gas turbine aeroengines {{Aero-derivative engines Avon 1940s turbojet engines Aero-derivative engines Products introduced in 1950 Axial-compressor gas turbine engines