Rizal Shrine, Calamba
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The Rizal Shrine in Calamba ( fil, Museo ni José Rizal Calamba) is a reproduction of the original two-story, Spanish-Colonial style house in Calamba,
Laguna Laguna (Italian and Spanish for lagoon) may refer to: People * Abe Laguna (born 1992), American DJ known as Ookay * Andrés Laguna (1499–1559), Spanish physician, pharmacologist, and botanist * Ana Laguna (born 1955), Spanish-Swedish ballet d ...
where
José Rizal José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (, ; June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered the national he ...
was born on June 19, 1861. Rizal is regarded as one of the greatest
national heroes A hero (feminine: heroine) is a real person or a main fictional character who, in the face of danger, combats adversity through feats of ingenuity, courage, or strength. Like other formerly gender-specific terms (like ''actor''), ''hero ...
of the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
. The house is designated as a National Shrine (Level 1) by the
National Historical Commission of the Philippines The National Historical Commission of the Philippines ( fil, Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas, abbreviated NHCP) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural herita ...
. It is located along Mercado Street and Rizal Street in Calamba's Poblacion 5 and is in close proximity to St. John the Baptist Parish Church and the
City College of Calamba City College of Calamba (CCC) is a public school in Laguna established in 2006. The institution was founded to provide education to the underprivileged. It is also subsidized by the city government and offers free tuition. City College of Cala ...
.


History

José Rizal José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (, ; June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered the national he ...
's father,
Francisco Rizal Mercado Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandro (May 11, 1818 – January 5, 1898) was the father of the Philippines' national hero Jose Rizal. He was born in Biñan, Laguna. He had a wife named Teodora Realonda y Quintos and had 11 children alto ...
, took 2 years to build the original Rizal ancestral house. The Spanish authorities confiscated the house in 1891.
Paciano Rizal Paciano Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (March 9, 1851 – April 13, 1930) was a Filipino general and revolutionary, and the older brother of José Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines. Early life Paciano Rizal was born to Francisco ...
, brother of José, reoccupied the house during the Philippine Revolution, but lost it again to the
friar A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders founded in the twelfth or thirteenth century; the term distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the ol ...
s. It was subsequently sold, destroyed in
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
and eventually demolished. The government bought what remained of the Rizal House for . In 1949, President
Elpidio Quirino Elpidio Rivera Quirino (born Elpidio Quirino y Rivera; ; November 16, 1890 – February 29, 1956) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the sixth president of the Philippines from 1948 to 1953. A lawyer by profession, Quirino enter ...
passed Executive Order No. 145, facilitating reconstruction of the house. Filipino school children provided most of the funding for the project while
Juan F. Nakpil Juan Felipe de Jesús Nakpil, KGCR (born Juan Felipe Nakpil y de Jesús; May 26, 1899 – May 7, 1986) known as Juan Nakpil, was a Filipino architect, teacher and a community leader. In 1973, he was named one of the National Artists for architec ...
served as the supervising architect. Staying true to the original home, the reconstructed house occupies the same site and is built from the materials during the time the house was built. On June 19, 1950, the newly built home was inaugurated and now serves as a repository for Rizal's memorabilia. During the Centenary of the Philippine Independence in 1998, the
National Commission for Culture and the Arts The National Commission for Culture and the Arts of the Philippines ( fil, Pambansang Komisyon para sa Kultura at mga Sining, ceb, Nasodnong Komisyon alang sa Budaya ug mga Arte) is the official government agency for culture in the Philippines. ...
in cooperation with the National Centennial Commission, decided that Rizal's Shrine should focus specifically on his childhood. The house is intended to provide an accurate representation of the home Rizal grew up in until his formal schooling in
Biñan Biñan (), officially the City of Biñan ( fil, Lungsod ng Biñan), is a 1st class Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, component city in the Provinces of the Philippines, province of Laguna (province), Laguna, Philippines. According ...
. Rizal's anecdotes often reference his childhood home, recounting the nipa hut in the garden where he learned to sleep and sculpt; the kitchen where he learned the alphabet; the bedroom where he learned to pray; the library where he discovered books and the azotea where he listened to his grandmother's stories of "skeletons, buried treasures and trees that bloomed with diamonds." Near Rizal's home is the church where he was baptised, Saint John the Baptist Parish Church.


Features

The Rizal Shrine is a typical rectangular
Bahay na Bato ''Bahay na bato'' (Tagalog language, Tagalog, literally "house of stone", also known in Visayans, Visayan as ''balay na bato'' or ''balay nga bato; in Spanish language, Spanish as Spanish Colonial architecture, Casa Filipino'') is a type of buil ...
, reminiscent of upper-class Filipino homes built during the Spanish Colonial era. The lower portion is made of adobe stone and brick, while the upper portion consists of hardwood. The original interior flooring of the house was discovered during reconstruction and utilized. It has sliding windows made of capiz shells, the exterior walls are painted green (originally white) and the roof is constructed of red ceramic tile. In June 2009, the National Historical Institute (now
National Historical Commission of the Philippines The National Historical Commission of the Philippines ( fil, Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas, abbreviated NHCP) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural herita ...
) ordered the shrine's repainting to highlight the meaning of Rizal's surname. The ground floor of the house historically served as a stable for horses and carriages. It contains several exhibits on Rizal's childhood, including exact copies of Rizal's writings, drawings and original baptismal certificate. The upper floor served as the family's living quarters and consisted of: the living room, dining area, bathroom and library. Containing more than 1000 books, a ''caida'' serves as Francisco Mercado's library, the largest private library in Calamba at that time. Adjacent to the library is the family's formal dining room, where Rizal's parents hosted guests and other prominent members of the society. The ''caida'' is connected to a ''sala'', which leads to three bedrooms: the boys' room (for Jose and
Paciano Paciano is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 30 km southwest of Perugia. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 974 and an area of 16.8 km².All demographics and oth ...
), the girls' room for his 9 sisters and the master bedroom. The biggest among all the rooms, the master bedroom contains the four-poster bed where Rizal was born. Going beyond the sala is an informal dining room or ''comedor.'' Prominent in this room is the ''punkah,'' a large rectangular Indian fan. Next to the ''comedor'' and the azotea is an old well, one of the only surviving features of the original house. Calambajf2779 09.JPG, Original view of Rizal Shrine before it was painted green Rizal Shrine Indoor (Calamba, Laguna).jpg, Inside the Rizal Shrine Statue of the little Jose Rizal in their house in Calamba, Laguna..jpg, Statue of little Rizal Built in 1997, a gallery, library, audio-visual room and shop of Rizal memorabilia reside adjacent to the shrine. The shrine has a large lawn with a replica of the nipa hut and a statue depicting young Rizal with his dog. The statue was constructed in 1996 by Dudley Diaz for the centennial celebration commemorating Rizal's death. The remains of Rizal's parents,
Francisco Rizal Mercado Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandro (May 11, 1818 – January 5, 1898) was the father of the Philippines' national hero Jose Rizal. He was born in Biñan, Laguna. He had a wife named Teodora Realonda y Quintos and had 11 children alto ...
and
Teodora Alonso Realonda Teodora Alonso Realonda y Quintos (November 9, 1827 – August 16, 1911) was a wealthy woman in the Spanish colonial Philippines. She was best known as the mother of the Philippines' national hero Jose Rizal. Realonda was born in Santa Cruz, M ...
, are also located in the shrine.


See also

*
Rizal Park Rizal Park ( fil, Liwasang Rizal, es, link=no, Parque Rizal), also known as Luneta Park or simply Luneta, is a historic urban park located in Ermita, Manila. It is considered one of the largest urban parks in the Philippines, covering an area ...
*
Rizal Shrine (Intramuros) The Rizal Shrine, also known as the Museo ni José Rizal Fort Santiago () is a museum dedicated to the lifework of José Rizal. It is located inside Fort Santiago in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines, beside the Plaza de Armas. Fort Santiago served ...
*
Rizal Shrine (Dapitan) Rizal Shrine may refer to: * Rizal Shrine (Calamba) — Laguna, Philippines * Rizal Shrine (Intramuros) — Manila, Philippines * Rizal Shrine (Dapitan) — Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines {{disambig ...


References


Bibliography

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External links


About the Rizal Shrine
City Government of Calamba
Rizal Shrine
National Historical Commission of the Philippines {{Calabarzon attractions Shrine, Calamba Buildings and structures in Calamba, Laguna Marked Historical Structures of the Philippines Houses in the Philippines Tourist attractions in Laguna (province) Monuments and memorials in the Philippines Biographical museums in the Philippines Historic house museums in the Philippines History museums in the Philippines National Shrines of the Philippines Juan Nakpil buildings