The Revolutionary Communist Party ( / PCR) was a Chilean clandestine communist party of

Maoist Maoism, officially called Mao Zedong Thought by the Chinese Communist Party, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed to realise a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of Ch ...

ideology founded in 1966 from a split in the

Communist Party of Chile The Communist Party of Chile ( es, Partido Comunista de Chile, ) is a communist party in Chile. It was founded in 1912 as the Socialist Workers' Party () and adopted its current name in 1922. The party established a youth wing, the Communist Youth ...

(PCCH). During the Popular Unity government, he adopted a critical stance towards the government of

Salvador Allende Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (, , ; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973. He was the fir ...

. In 1972 the party faced an internal discussion over differences in revolutionary strategy, between those who defended the "

people's war People's war (Chinese: 人民战争), also called protracted people's war, is a Maoist military strategy. First developed by the Chinese communist revolutionary leader Mao Zedong (1893–1976), the basic concept behind people's war is to mainta ...

" (Maoists) and those who promoted the "mass insurrection" ( Marxist-Leninists), causing the party to split into two factions (PCR and PCR-ML, respectively), both disappearing in the early

1980s File:1980s replacement montage02.PNG, 420px, From left, clockwise: The first Space Shuttle, ''Columbia'', lifts off in 1981; US president Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev ease tensions between the two superpowers, leading to the ...

. During part of its existence, it was financially financed by the

Communist Party of China The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil ...

and by the

Labor Party of Albania The Party of Labour of Albania ( sq, Partia e Punës e Shqipërisë, PPSh), sometimes referred to as the Albanian Workers' Party (AWP), was the ruling and sole legal party of Albania during the communist period (1945–1991). It was founded o ...

. The PCR was led by Jorge Palacios, David Benquis and Luis Bernales. After the 1973 Chilean coup, a faction of the party would exist in exil in France. In 1980, the RCP of Chile helped found

Revolutionary Internationalist Movement The Revolutionary Internationalist Movement (RIM) was an international communist organization founded in France in March 1984 by 17 various Maoist organisations around the world. It sought to "struggle for the formation of a Communist Internation ...

(RIM) publishing the theoretical magazine "A World to Win" where the RCP of Chile made its last two participations in the 1981 and 1982 edition. Although the RCP of Chile would largely cease to exist by the time of the first RIM conference in 1984. After the disappearance of the party in Chile, in 1979 the group "Acción Proletaria" emerged, made up of a small group of former PCR militants with a pro-Albanian tendency, including Miguel Asenjo, Mauricio Aravena and Eduardo Artés. This group would be the base that would form the Chilean Communist Party (Proletariat Action) in

1985 The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** The Internet's Domain Name System is created. ** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a ...

. The PCR dissolved amid internal strife. One section of the party later reconstituted itself as the Communist Organization Recabarren in 1985.

References

Political parties established in 1966 Revolutionary Communist Party (Chile) Defunct political parties in Chile Anti-revisionist organizations Stalinist parties Far-left politics in Chile Defunct Maoist parties 1966 establishments in Chile Maoism in South America {{chile-party-stub