Dutch Celebes refers to the period of colonial governance on the island of
Sulawesi
Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Ar ...
- as a commandment of the
Dutch East India Company from 1699 until its demise in the early 1800s, and then as a part of the Netherlands Indies or
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( nl, Nederlands(ch)-Indië; ), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which ...
until 1945. Dutch presence in the region started with the capture of
Sulawesi
Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Ar ...
from the Portuguese, and ended with the establishment of the
State of East Indonesia
The State of East Indonesia ( id, Negara Indonesia Timur, old spelling: ''Negara Indonesia Timoer'', nl, Oost-Indonesië) was a post–World War II state formed in the eastern half of Dutch East Indies. Established in December 1946, it became ...
. Celebes is now referred to as
Sulawesi
Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Ar ...
. Makassar, the capital, was also referred to as: Macassar, Makassar, Macaçar, Mancaçar, or Goa, Gowa (not to be confused with Goa, the capital of Portuguese India).
History
Sulawesi prior to Dutch governance had been a part of the
Sultanate of Gowa. In 1660 a large fleet under Johan van Dam bombarded Makassar. From 1667 onward the
VOC
VOC, VoC or voc may refer to:
Science and technology
* Open-circuit voltage (VOC), the voltage between two terminals when there is no external load connected
* Variant of concern, a category used during the assessment of a new variant of a virus
* ...
held
Fort Rotterdam in the port of Makassar. The fortress was established in 1669. After four months of conflict to force
Sultan Hasanuddin
Sultan Hasanuddin (Sultan Hasanuddin Tumenanga Ri Balla Pangkana; (12 January 1631 – 12 June 1670) was the 16th Ruler of The Sultanate of Gowa as Sombaya Ri Gowa XVI from 1653 to 1669. He was proclaimed as Indonesian National Hero on 6 Nove ...
to submit, on 18 November 1667 the
Treaty of Bongaya was signed, by which Dutch governance was accepted. Celebes and Dependencies ("Celebes en Onderhoorigheden") was the name of a government of 1847-1924 and from 1925 of a residence of the Dutch East Indies, divided into sections. The capital was Makassar, which before 1847 had been the name of the government.
Governors
*Johan Sautijn (-1737)
*Adriaan Hendrik Smout (1737-)
*
Joan Gideon Loten (1744-1750)
*Roelof Blok
*Charles Christiaan Tromp
*
*
*J. Grudelbach
*Jan David van Schelle (1821-1825)
[E. L. Poelinggomangm, Trade policy of the colonial government in Makassar in the 19th century. KPG, 2002. ]
*Albert Cornells de Brauw (1855-1857)
[K. Sutherland, Jaarboekje Celebes. 1864]
*Dirk Francois Schaap (1857-1859)
*Johannis Antonius Bakkers (1865)
*Willem Egbert Kroesen
See also
*
Fort Rotterdam
*
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( nl, Nederlands(ch)-Indië; ), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which ...
*
Makassar
Makassar (, mak, ᨆᨀᨔᨑ, Mangkasara’, ) is the capital of the Indonesian province of South Sulawesi. It is the largest city in the region of Eastern Indonesia and the country's fifth-largest urban center after Jakarta, Surabaya, Med ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Celebes, Dutch
Dutch East Indies
European colonisation in Asia
1699 establishments in the Dutch Empire