Renaud de Dammartin (Reginald of Boulogne) (c. 1165 – 1227) was

Count of Boulogne Count of Boulogne was a historical title in the Kingdom of France. The city of Boulogne-sur-Mer became the centre of the county of Boulogne during the ninth century. Little is known of the early counts, but the first holder of the title is recor ...

from 1190,

Count of Dammartin The Counts of Dammartin were the rulers of the county of Dammartin, based in the current commune of Dammartin-en-Goële as early as the 10th century. Located at the central plain of France, the county controlled the roads of Paris to Soissons and L ...

from 1200 to 1214 and

Count of Aumale The County of Aumale, later elevated to a duchy, was a medieval fief in Normandy. It was disputed between England and France during parts of the Hundred Years' War. Aumale in Norman nobility Aumale was a medieval fief in the Duchy of Normandy and ...

from 1204 to 1214. He was son of

Alberic III of Dammartin Alberic III of Dammartin (Aubry de Dammartin) ( – 19 September 1200) was a French count and son of Alberic II, Count of Dammartin, and Clémence de Bar, daughter of Reginald I, Count of Bar. He married Mathilde, heiress to the county of Cle ...

and Mathilde of Clermont. Brought up at the French court, he was a childhood friend of

Philip Augustus Philip II (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), byname Philip Augustus (french: Philippe Auguste), was King of France from 1180 to 1223. His predecessors had been known as kings of the Franks, but from 1190 onward, Philip became the first French m ...

. At his father's insistence he fought for the

Plantagenets The House of Plantagenet () was a royal house which originated from the lands of Anjou in France. The family held the English throne from 1154 (with the accession of Henry II at the end of the Anarchy) to 1485, when Richard III died in batt ...

. Received back into Philip's favour, he married Marie de Châtillon, daughter of Guy II de Châtillon and

Adèle of Dreux Adèle of Dreux (1145 – aft. 1210) was a member of Norman French nobility, daughter of Robert I, Count of Dreux and his second wife Hawise of Salisbury. She married Valéran III, Count of Breteuil on 24 June 1156, and had the following issu ...

, a royal cousin. In 1191, Renaud's father, Alberic, kidnapped and had Renaud marry

Ida, Countess of Boulogne Ida of Boulogne (c. 1160–1216) was suo jure Countess of Boulogne from 1173 until her death. Life Ida was the elder daughter of Matthew of Alsace and Marie I, Countess of Boulogne. Her maternal grandparents were King Stephen of England and M ...

. The

County of Boulogne The County of Boulogne was a county within the Kingdom of France during the 9th to 15th centuries, centred on the city of Boulogne-sur-Mer. It was ruled by the counts of Flanders in the 10th century, but a separate House of Boulogne emerged duri ...

thereby became vassal to the French king, rather than the

count of Flanders The count of Flanders was the ruler or sub-ruler of the county of Flanders, beginning in the 9th century. Later, the title would be held for a time, by the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire and Spain. During the French Revolution, in 1790, the ...

. While this marriage made Renaud a power, it also made enemies in the

Dreux Dreux () is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France. Geography Dreux lies on the small river Blaise, a tributary of the Eure, about 35 km north of Chartres. Dreux station has rail connections to Argentan, Paris and Gra ...

family and that of the count of Guînes, who had been betrothed to Ida. In 1203, Renaud and his wife gave a merchant's

charter A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the re ...

Boulogne Boulogne-sur-Mer (; pcd, Boulonne-su-Mér; nl, Bonen; la, Gesoriacum or ''Bononia''), often called just Boulogne (, ), is a coastal city in Northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department of Pas-de-Calais. Boulogne lies on the C ...

. This was probably made for financial consideration. Philip made Renaud

the following year, but Renaud began to detach himself. Following the acquisition of Normandy in April 1204, King Philip granted Renaud the

county of Mortain The County of Mortain was a medieval county in France centered on the town of Mortain. A choice landholding, usually either kept within the family of the duke of Normandy (or the king of France) or granted to a noble in return for service and favo ...

and the honor of Warenne which was centered on the fortresses of Mortemer and Bellencombre. Both Mortain and Warenne had been held by William I of Boulogne and it would appear that King Philip recognized the Boulogne claim to them. In 1211, he refused to appear before Philip in a legal matter, a suit with Philippe de Dreux,

bishop of Beauvais The Diocese of Beauvais, Noyon, and Senlis ( la, Dioecesis Bellovacensis, Noviomensis et Silvanectensis; french: Diocèse de Beauvais, Noyon et Senlis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The ...

. Philip II seized his lands and on

4 May 1212 at Lambeth The Treaty of Lambeth was signed on 4 May 1212 by King John of England and several French counts, including Renaud I of Dammartin and Boulogne and Ferdinand of Flanders. The Treaty of Lambeth of 1212 should not be confused from the Treaty of Lamb ...

, Dammartin made an agreement with King John who had also lost possessions to Philip. Renaud brought other continental nobles, including the

Count of Flanders The count of Flanders was the ruler or sub-ruler of the county of Flanders, beginning in the 9th century. Later, the title would be held for a time, by the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire and Spain. During the French Revolution, in 1790, the ...

, into a coalition with John against Philip. In return he was given several

fief A fief (; la, feudum) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a form ...

s in England and an annuity. Each promised not to make a separate peace with France.''Lambeth, treaty of (4 May 1212)''. In Dictionary of British History. 1999 With the

Emperor Otto IV Otto IV (1175 – 19 May 1218) was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 until his death in 1218. Otto spent most of his early life in England and France. He was a follower of his uncle Richard the Lionheart, who made him Count of Poitou in 1196 ...

and Ferdinand of Flanders, he took part in the attack on France in 1214 culminating in the

Battle of Bouvines The Battle of Bouvines was fought on 27 July 1214 near the town of Bouvines in the County of Flanders. It was the concluding battle of the Anglo-French War of 1213–1214. Although estimates on the number of troops vary considerably among mod ...

. Commanding the

Brabançons The Brabançons or Brabanters ( la, Brabantiones) were ''routiers'' (mercenary troops) originally from the Duchy of Brabant active between 1166 and 1214. Origins Brabant was a part of the Holy Roman Empire. The social origins of the Brabançons a ...

, he was on the losing side, but was one of the last to surrender, and refused submission to Philip Augustus. His lands were taken away, and given to

Philip Hurepel Philip I of Boulogne (Philip Hurepel) (1200–1235) was a French prince, Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis in his own right, and Count of Boulogne, Mortain, Aumale, and Dammartin-en-Goële ''jure uxoris''. Philip was born in September 1200, the son ...

. Renaud was kept imprisoned at Péronne for the rest of his life, which ended in suicide. His daughter Matilda II was married to

References

Sources

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External links

Historique Boulogne
{{Authority control 1160s births 1227 deaths Counts of Boulogne Counts of Dammartin Counts of Aumale House of Dammartin Counts of Mortain