Raoul II/III of Clermont-Nesle (c. 1245 –

Kortrijk Kortrijk ( , ; vls, Kortryk or ''Kortrik''; french: Courtrai ; la, Cortoriacum), sometimes known in English as Courtrai or Courtray ( ), is a Belgian city and municipality in the Flemish province of West Flanders. It is the capital and large ...

, 11 July 1302) was

Seigneur ''Seigneur'' is an originally feudal title in France before the Revolution, in New France and British North America until 1854, and in the Channel Islands to this day. A seigneur refers to the person or collective who owned a ''seigneurie'' (or ...

(Lord) of

Nesle Nesle () is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. Geography Nesle is situated at the junction of the D930 and D337 roads, some southwest of Saint-Quentin. The Ingon, a small stream, passes through the commun ...

in Picardy (de),

Viscount A viscount ( , for male) or viscountess (, for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status. In many countries a viscount, and its historical equivalents, was a non-hereditary, administrative or judicia ...

of Châteaudun (de),

Grand Chamberlain of France The Grand Chamberlain of France (french: Grand Chambellan de France) was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France, a member of the '' Maison du Roi'' ("King's Household"), and one of the Great Offices of the Maison du Roi during the Anc ...

and

Constable of France The Constable of France (french: Connétable de France, from Latin for 'count of the stables') was lieutenant to the King of France, the first of the original five Great Officers of the Crown (along with seneschal, chamberlain, butler, and ...

Biography

Raoul was the eldest son of

Simon II of Clermont Simon II of Clermont-Nesle (c. 1210–1285/86) was Seigneur (Lord) of Ailly, Maulette and Nesle (in Picardy) Biography Simon was the eldest son Raoul I of Clermont-Nesle, Seigneur of Ailly, Maulette, and Gertrude of Nesle. He was a counsello ...

(c. 1216 – 1286) by Adele ("Alix") of Montfort (d. 1279), daughter of

Amaury VI of Montfort Amaury de Montfort, Lord of Montfort-l'Amaury, (1192 – 1241) was the son of Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester and Alix de Montmorency, and the older brother of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester. Amaury inherited his father's Fre ...

. His father had a brother called Raoul (d. a. 1243), sometimes numbered II, causing confusion about the parentage of Raoul's children, as either somehow might come into question. Having Raoul's uncle as No. II and his nephew as Raoul IV, makes himself No. III. There are other issues with the genealogy, as discussed in the article about Simon II. Raoul de Clermont was one of the most important generals of King Louis IX of France. He participated in most campaigns of the King, including the

Eighth Crusade The Eighth Crusade was the second Crusade launched by Louis IX of France, this one against the Hafsid dynasty in Tunisia in 1270. It is also known as the Crusade of Louis IX against Tunis or the Second Crusade of Louis. The Crusade did not see any ...

against

Tunis ''Tounsi'' french: Tunisois , population_note = , population_urban = , population_metro = 2658816 , population_density_km2 = , timezone1 = CET , utc_offset1 ...

. appointed Constable of France in 1285 (probably), he fought in the

Aragonese Crusade The Aragonese Crusade or Crusade of Aragon, a part of the larger War of the Sicilian Vespers, was declared by Pope Martin IV against King Peter III of Aragon in 1284 and 1285. Because of the recent conquest of Sicily by Peter, Martin declared ...

and in the

Franco-Flemish War (1297–1305) The Franco-Flemish War (french: Guerre de Flandre; nl, Vlaamse opstand) was a conflict between the Kingdom of France and the County of Flanders between 1297 and 1305. Causes Philip IV of France became king in 1285, and was determined to stren ...

against the

County of Flanders The County of Flanders was a historic territory in the Low Countries. From 862 onwards, the counts of Flanders were among the original twelve peers of the Kingdom of France. For centuries, their estates around the cities of Ghent, Bruges and Yp ...

, with Count Guy of Dampierre, his in-law. The governor of

Flanders Flanders (, ; Dutch: ''Vlaanderen'' ) is the Flemish-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to cultu ...

, Jacques de Châtillon, put in place by the French king was also Raoul's in-law. The French King Philip "the fair" (1268–1314) sent him with his brother

Guy I of Clermont Guy I of Clermont-Nesle (c. 1255 – 11 July 1302) was a Marshal of France, Seigneur (Lord) of Offemont '' jure uxoris'', and possibly of Ailly, Maulette and Breteuil. He might have been a Seigneur of Nesle also, or used the title "Sire of Nes ...

Marshal of France Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished ( ...

, to attack the enemy at the Siege of Lille (1297), where they were victorious and took a large number of prisoners. In 1302, together with his brother Guy, he fought under Robert II, Count of Artois against the Flemish in the Battle of the Golden Spurs at

, and the French army was utterly defeated, all three killed and the Flemish regained independence. His daughter Alix succeeded in Châteaudun but record about succession in Nesle is not present.

Marriage and issue

Raoul married firstly in c.1268 Alix (Yolande) of Dreux (c. 1255 – c. 1293),

Viscountess A viscount ( , for male) or viscountess (, for female) is a title used in certain European countries for a noble of varying status. In many countries a viscount, and its historical equivalents, was a non-hereditary, administrative or judicial ...

of Châteaudun, daughter of Robert of Dreux (1217–c. 1264), and Clemence, Viscountess of Châteaudun. Raoul and Alix had three daughters: * Alix (c. 1275 – c. 1330), Viscountess of Châteaudun, Lady of Mondoubleau. Called Alix of Clermont, Nesle or Beaumont. **Alix married firstly 1286 to Guillaume IV of Flanders (fr) (1248–1311),

of Dendermonde, Crèvecoeur and Richebourg, son of Guy of Dampierre, Count of Flanders. They had six children: *** Guillaume/William (c. 1290 – 1320), married to Marie of Vianden (1290–1344), daughter of Philip of

Salm Salm may refer to People * Constance de Salm (1767–1845), poet and miscellaneous writer; through her second marriage, she became Princess of Salm-Dyck * Salm ibn Ziyad, an Umayyad governor of Khurasan and Sijistan * House of Salm, a European ...

Vianden Vianden ( lb, Veianen or (locally) ) is a commune with town status in the Oesling, north-eastern Luxembourg, with over 1,800 inhabitants. It is the capital of the canton of Vianden, which is part of the district of Diekirch. Vianden lies on t ...

, Herr of Rumpst, youngest son of Philip I, Count of Vianden. *** Jeanne (c. 1290 – 1342), married to Gérard van Diest (de) (1275–1333),

Châtelain Châtelain (from la, castellanus, derived from ''castellum''; pertaining to a castle, fortress. Middle English: ''castellan'' from Anglo-Norman language, Anglo-Norman: ''castellain'' and Old French: ''castelain'') was originally the French title ...

( Burggraf) of Antwerp and Otto of Cuijk (de) (1270–1350). *** Marie of Dampierre (c. 1290 – 1350), Viscountess of Châteaudun, married 1317 to Robert VII of Auvergne (fr) (1280 – c. 1326) and had seven known children, including Jean I (fr) (d. 1386), Count of

Auvergne Auvergne (; ; oc, label= Occitan, Auvèrnhe or ) is a former administrative region in central France, comprising the four departments of Allier, Puy-de-Dôme, Cantal and Haute-Loire. Since 1 January 2016, it has been part of the new region Au ...

, Boulogne and Montfort. *** Alice (c. 1295 – 1320) *** Jean/John (c. 1295 – 1325) married 1315 to Béatrice, daughter of Jacques de Châtillon,

governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...

. They had five children. *** Guy (c. 1290? – 1345),

of Richebourg, married after 1315 Marie of

Enghien Enghien (; nl, Edingen ; pcd, Inguî; vls, Enge) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. On 1January 2006, Enghien had a total population of 11,980. The total area is , which gives a population de ...

(de), daughter of Gerard of Enghien, Herr of

Zottegem Zottegem (, Sotteghem and Sottegem in older English and French language sources) is a municipality located in Belgium and more particularly in Flanders, in the province of East Flanders. The municipality comprises the town of Zottegem proper and ...

( Burggraf) of

Gent Gent is a shortened form of the word gentleman. It may also refer to: * Ghent (Dutch language, Dutch: Gent), a Belgian city ** K.A.A. Gent, a football club from Ghent ** K.R.C. Gent, a football club from Ghent ** Gent RFC, a rugby club in Ghen ...

(de). Secondly, in 1321 Guy married Béatrice of Putten (1300–1354), daughter of Nikolaas III/IV (nl) (d. 1311), Herr of

Putten Putten () is a municipality and town in the province of Gelderland, Netherlands. It had a population of in . It is located in the coastal area of the old Zuiderzee (Southern Sea). To the east of Putten lies the Veluwe, the biggest national par ...

(de). They had one daughter. **Secondly, in 1312 Alix married

John I of Chalon-Arlay Jean I of Chalon-Arlay (1258–1315) was a French nobleman. He was the son of Jean, Count of Chalon and Laure de Commercy, a couple who had thirty castles built on the Jurassian part of the county of Burgundy around their new seigneurie of Sa ...

, Sire of Salins (c. 1258–1315), and they had one daughter: *** Catherine of Châlon (d.1355), married 1342 to Thiébaud (Thibaut) V

(lord) of Neuchâtel-Burgundy (fr) (c. 1317–1366), being a widower, and bore four children. * Isabelle (d. a. August 1324), Lady of Semblançay, married Hugues of l'Archévêque,

of Montfort-le-Rotrou (d. b. August 1324), son of Guillaume VI of l'Archévêque (fr) (d. 1315). * Béatrix (d. b. 14 September 1320), married Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (c. 1275 – 1324),

of Montignac (

House of Lusignan The House of Lusignan ( ; ) was a royal house of French origin, which at various times ruled several principalities in Europe and the Levant, including the kingdoms of Jerusalem, Cyprus, and Armenia, from the 12th through the 15th centuries duri ...

). In January 1296 Raoul married secondly Isabelle of Hainault (d. c. 1305), daughter of

John II, Count of Holland John II (1247 – 22 August 1304) was Count of Hainaut, Holland, and Zeeland. Life John II, born 1247, was the eldest son of John I of Hainaut and Adelaide of Holland.Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der ...

and Philippa of Luxembourg. They had no recorded children. Some genealogists attribute Isabelle and Béatrix to this second marriage.

Ancestry

References

FMG: Raoul III de ClermontFamily tree of Clermont-Beauvaisis-Nesle
* :fr:Maison de Clermont-Nesle * :fr:Maison de Montfort-l'Amaury '' This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.'' '' This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia.'' N.B There are multiple issues with the genealogy, discussed in "

". {{DEFAULTSORT:Clermont, Raoul Of French military personnel killed in action Medieval French nobility Lords of France Constables of France Grand Chamberlains of France Christians of the Eighth Crusade Jure uxoris officeholders House of Clermont-Nesle 12th-century births Year of birth uncertain 1302 deaths 13th-century French people 14th-century French people People from Picardy