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Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary is a large American dictionary, first published in 1966 as The Random House Dictionary of the English Language: The Unabridged Edition. Edited by Jess Stein, it contained 315,000 entries in 2256 pages, as well as 2400 illustrations. The CD-ROM version in 1994 also included 120,000 spoken pronunciations.[1]

History

The Random House publishing company entered the reference book market after World War II. They acquired rights to the Century Dictionary and the Dictionary of American English, both out of print. Their first dictionary was Clarence Barnhart's American College Dictionary, published in 1947, and based primarily on The New Century Dictionary, an abridgement of the Century.[2][3]

In the late 1950s, it was decided to publish an expansion of the American College Dictionary, which had been modestly updated with each reprinting since its publication. Under editors Jess Stein and Laurence Urdang, they augmented the American College Dictionary with large numbers of entries in all fields, primarily proper names, and published it in 1966 as The Random House Dictionary of the English Language: The Unabridged Edition. It was the first dictionary to use computers in its compilation and typesetting.

In his preface to the 1966 edition, Stein argued (p. vi) that the Random House Dictionary steers "a linguistically sound middle course" between the "lexicographer's Scylla and Charybdis: should the dictionary be an authoritarian guide to 'correct' English or should it be so antiseptically free of comment that it may defeat the user by providing him with no guidance at all?"[4] In 1982 Random House published The Random House ProofReader, a computer spell checker based on its dictionary.[5]

An expanded second edition of the printed dictionary, edited by Stuart Berg Flexner, appeared in 1987, revised in 1993. This edition adopted the Merriam-Webster Collegiate innovation of adding dates for the entry of words into the language. Unlike the Collegiate, which cited the date of the first known citation, Random House indicated a range of dates. For example, where the Collegiate gave 1676, Random House might offer 1670-80. This second edition was described as permissive by T. R. Reid in the Washington Post.[6]

Random House incorporated the name Webster's into the dictionary's title after an injunction won by Merriam Webster preventing its use on Random House's college edition was overturned on appeal.[7] The name Random House Webster's is now used on many Random House publications.

In 2001, Random House published its Webster's Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, based on the Second Edition of the Random House Dictionary of the English Language.

Versions of the dictionary have been published under other names, including Webster's New Universal Dictionary (which was previously the name of an entirely different dictionary) and Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary.

The Dictionary.com online dictionary bases its proprietary content on the Random House unabridged.

See also

References

  1. ^ PC Magazine (Jan 25, 1994). $79 Random House Dictionary: Look It Up Under Bargain. p. 56. 
  2. ^ Barbara Ripp Safford and Margaret Irby Nichols, eds. Guide to reference materials for school library media centers (1998), p. 217
  3. ^ Kurt Vonnegut, Welcome to the monkey house: a collection of short works (1998), pp. 118–23
  4. ^ Ronald A. Wells (1973). Dictionaries and the Authoritarian Tradition: A Study in English Usage and Lexicography. Walter de Gruyter. p. 113. 
  5. ^ Advertisement (November 1982). "The Spelling Bee Is Over". PC Magazine. p. 165. Retrieved 21 October 2013. 
  6. ^ Reid, T. R. (November 8, 1987). "BRAVE NEW WORDS A DICTIONARY FOR TODAY". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 15, 2017. 
  7. ^ 35 F.3d 65 (1994) MERRIAM-WEBSTER, INC., Plaintiff-Appellee-Cross-Appellant, v. RANDOM HOUSE, INC., Defendant-Appellant-Cross-Appellee.
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