Leova District is a district ( ro, raion) in the central part of Moldova, bordering Romania, with the administrative center at

Leova Leova (russian: Леóва) is a city in Moldova, located 92 km southwest of the national capital, Chișinău. It is the administrative center of Leova District. The city is situated on the east bank of the river Prut bordering Romania. His ...

. As of 1 January 2011, its population was 53,800.

History

Localities with the oldest documentary attestation of the district are: Tigheci, Tochile Raducani,

, they are first attested in the years 1436-1489 period. In the 16th and 17th centuries, most of all to develop trade, agriculture and there is a significant population increase. During this period the Tirgul Sarata (

today), is developing intensively. In 1812, after the Russo-Turkish War (1806-1812), is the occupation of

Basarabia Bessarabia (; Gagauz: ''Besarabiya''; Romanian: ''Basarabia''; Ukrainian: ''Бессара́бія'') is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of Be ...

, Russian Empire during this period (1812–1917), there is an intense

russification Russification (russian: русификация, rusifikatsiya), or Russianization, is a form of cultural assimilation in which non-Russians, whether involuntarily or voluntarily, give up their culture and language in favor of the Russian cultur ...

of the native population. In 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Bessarabia united with Romania in this period (1918–1940, 1941–1944), the district is part of the Lăpușna County. In 1940 after Molotov-Ribbentrop Treaty,

is occupied by the USSR. In 1991 as a result of the proclamation of

Independence of Moldova The independence of Moldova was officially recognized on 2 March 1992, when Moldova gained membership of the United Nations. The nation had declared its independence from the Soviet Union on 27 August 1991, and was a co-founder of the post-Soviet ...

, part and residence of the Lapusna County (1991–2003), and in 2003 became administrative unit of Moldova.

Geography

Leova district is located in the southwest part of the Republic of Moldova. Neighborhood has the following districts: District Hincesti in north, east

Gagauzia Gagauzia or Gagauz-Yeri, or ; ro, Găgăuzia; russian: Гагаузия, Gagauziya officially the Autonomous Territorial Unit of Gagauzia; ro, Unitatea Teritorială Autonomă Găgăuzia, ''UTAG''; russian: Автономное территор ...

and Cimislia District, Cantemir District in southern and border state with Romania in west, on the river

Prut The Prut (also spelled in English as Pruth; , uk, Прут) is a long river in Eastern Europe. It is a left tributary of the Danube. In part of its course it forms Romania's border with Moldova and Ukraine. Characteristics The Prut originates ...

. The relief is generally plain, but with altitudes above 250 m in the northern part of district (the southern extremity of

Central Moldavian Plateau The Central Moldavian Plateau ( ro, Podişul Moldovei Centrale), or ''Codru Massif'' ( ro, Masivul Codru) is a geographic area in Moldova. It is the central and SE part of the Moldavian Plateau. It has elevations that in the N-S direction decrease ...

) in south elevations of 150–200 m (extreme north of Plateau Tigheci), and 20–100 m. the plains of

. Erosion processes with a medium intensity.

Climate

Temperate continental climate with an annual average district temperature +10+10.5 c. July average temperature +22 C, of January -4 C. Annual precipitation 450–550 mm. Average wind speed 3–6 m \ s.

Fauna

Typical European fauna, with the presence of such

mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...

s such as

fox Foxes are small to medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. They have a flattened skull, upright, triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or ''brush''). Twelve sp ...

es, hedgehogs, deer, wild boar, polecat, wild cat, ermine and others. Of

birds Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...

partridges A partridge is a medium-sized galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They are sometimes grouped in the Perdic ...

, crows,

eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, some of which are closely related. Most of the 68 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just ...

s, starling, swallow and more.

Flora

Forests occupy 13.0% of the district are complemented by tree species such as oak,

ash Ash or ashes are the solid remnants of fires. Specifically, ''ash'' refers to all non-aqueous, non- gaseous residues that remain after something burns. In analytical chemistry, to analyse the mineral and metal content of chemical samples, ash ...

, hornbeam, linden, maple, walnut and others. From plants:

wormwood Wormwood may refer to: Biology * Several plants of the genus ''Artemisia'': ** ''Artemisia abrotanum'', southern wormwood ** '' Artemisia absinthium'', common wormwood, grande wormwood or absinthe wormwood ** ''Artemisia annua'', sweet wormwood o ...

knotweed Knotweed is a common name for plants in several genera in the family Polygonaceae. Knotweed may refer to: * ''Fallopia'' * ''Persicaria'' * ''Polygonum'' * ''Reynoutria japonica ''Reynoutria japonica'', synonyms ''Fallopia japonica'' and ''Poly ...

fescue ''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on every ...

, nettle and many others.

Rivers

The main river is the

Prut River The Prut (also spelled in English as Pruth; , uk, Прут) is a long river in Eastern Europe. It is a left tributary of the Danube. In part of its course it forms Romania's border with Moldova and Ukraine. Characteristics The Prut originates ...

, which crosses the western district in favor of Romania. Its main tributary of the

Sarata River Sarata ( uk, Сарата, Sarata, ro, Sărata) is a river in Ukraine and Moldova, which discharges into the Sasyk Lagoon. The river originates in the territory of Moldova Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republ ...

that crosses the district is. Most lakes are

artificial Artificiality (the state of being artificial or manmade) is the state of being the product of intentional human manufacture, rather than occurring naturally through processes not involving or requiring human activity. Connotations Artificiality ...

origin.

Administrative subdivisions

*Localities: 39 **Administrative center:

***Cities:

Iargara Iargara is a town in Leova district, Moldova. One village, Meşeni, is administered by the town. International relations Twin towns — Sister cities Iargara is twinned with: * Mizil, Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a countr ...

****Villages: 14 *****Communes: 23

Demographics

1 January 2012 the district population was 53,600 of which 29.1% urban and 70.9% rural population * Births (2010): 672 (12.5 per 1000) * Deaths (2010): 667 (12.4 per 1000) *Growth rate (2010): 5 (0.1 per 1000)

Ethnic groups

''Footnote'': * There is an ongoing controversy regarding the ethnic identification of Moldovans and Romanians.

Religion

* Christians - 97.9% **

Orthodox Christians Orthodoxy (from Greek: ) is adherence to correct or accepted creeds, especially in religion. Orthodoxy within Christianity refers to acceptance of the doctrines defined by various creeds and ecumenical councils in Antiquity, but different Churc ...

- 97.0% ** Protestant - 0.9% *** Seventh-day Adventists - 0.6% ***

Evangelicals Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide Interdenominationalism, interdenominational movement within Protestantism, Protestant Christianity that affirms the centrality of being "bor ...

- 0.2% ***

Baptists Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only ( believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul compe ...

- 0.1% *Other - 1.4% *No religion - 0.5% * Atheists - 0.2%

Economy

In the district are 11,859 total registered businesses. The share of

agricultural Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating Plant, plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of Sedentism, sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of Domestication, domesticated species created food ...

land is 57,071 ha (73.6%) of total land area. The arable land occupies 37 925 ha (48.9%) of the total agricultural land, of which 1229 ha plantation of orchards (1.6%), vines 4718 ha (6.1%), pasture 11,617 ha (15.0%), some 1582 ha (2.0%).

Education

In Leova district working 34 educational institutions, including: Total number of

students A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution. In the United Kingdom and most commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary school or higher (e.g., college or university); those in primary or elementary ...

, including 7833

children A child ( : children) is a human being between the stages of birth and puberty, or between the developmental period of infancy and puberty. The legal definition of ''child'' generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger ...

in schools, in preschool institutions in 2009

, 280 polyvalent vocational schools students.

Politics

Voters traditional in the district Leova, said mainly center-right parties, particularly the AEI.

PCRM The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) is a non-profit research and advocacy organization based in Washington, D.C., which promotes a plant-based diet, preventive medicine, and alternatives to animal research, and encourages ...

the last three elections is in a continuous fall. During the last three elections AEI had an increase of 57.2%

Elections

, - !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan="2" valign=center, Parties and coalitions !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=Votes !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=% !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=+/− , - , , align=left, Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova , align="right", 8,171 , align="right", 35.79 , align="right", −5.44 , - , , align=left, Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova , align="right", 6,561 , align="right", 28.74 , align="right", +13.43 , - , , align=left, Democratic Party of Moldova , align="right", 4,290 , align="right", 18,79 , align="right", +4.54 , - , bgcolor=#0033cc, , align=left, European Action Movement , align="right", 1,364 , align="right", 5.97 , align="right", +5.97 , - , , align=left, Liberal Party , align="right", 1,182 , align="right", 5.18 , align="right", −5.81 , - , bgcolor="grey", , align=left, Other Party , align="right", 1,271 , align="right", 5.53 , align="right", -12.69 , - , align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan="2", Total (turnout 53.96%) , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 22,999 , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9",

Culture

In district works: two museums, artistic works 55, 14 bands, holding the title of the band - model, public libraries - 37.

Health

In district works: a

hospital A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialized health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emerge ...

, the general fund of 190 beds, 1 center of family doctor's in the composition of which are 16 family physician offices, 7

health center A healthcare center, health center, or community health center is one of a network of clinics staffed by a group of general practitioners and nurses providing healthcare services to people in a certain area. Typical services covered are family pr ...

's, 11 health points.

Tourism

The council of the Romanian Vaslui County, the county councils of the Moldovan Leova and Hînceşti districts, and the European Union (through the

Phare The Phare programme is one of the three pre-accession instruments financed by the European Union to assist the applicant countries of Central and Eastern Europe in their preparations for joining the European Union. Originally created in 1989 as ...

program), have set up a program which seeks to promote tourism in these regions. The main tourist attractions of the Vaslui-Hînceşti-Leova touristic program are, among others, the medieval and early modern churches and monasteries, the Manuc Bei Hunting Palace and the Manuc - Mirzaian Manor Palace (similar to

Manuc's Inn Manuc's Inn ( ro, Hanul lui Manuc, ) is the oldest operating hotel building in Bucharest, Romania. It also houses a popular restaurant, several bars, a coffee-house, and (facing the street) several stores and an extensive bar. Its massive, mult ...

in Bucharest) in Hînceşti, as well as the region's natural riches. *

Trajan's Wall Trajan's Wall (''Valul lui Traian'' in Romanian) is the name used for several linear earthen fortifications ( valla) found across Eastern Europe, in Moldova, Romania, and Ukraine. Contrary to the name and popular belief, the ramparts were not buil ...

, who had started the course in the village of Filipeni, through Troita and follows the road to Cimislia. This monument dates back to the Trajan's Dacian Wars. * The wooden church from

Covurlui The Covurlui Plain is located in Galați County, Romania, having an altitude varying between 60 and 200 metres. Its name is derived from the river Covurlui and has a Cuman origin. Before World War II, Covurlui was the name of a county, but it wa ...

. This church is built of wood, was built in 1805, closed in 1959 and reopened in 1989. * Monument of nature - tree secular. Oaks located in the city Leova, Street Gorghi 8, Hall Leova land owner. The tree is 214 years old. * Church dedicated St. Voievozi, s. Michael and Gabriel in

Borogani Borogani is a village in Leova District, Moldova Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine ...

. The old church was built in 1811 of wood.

References

External links

*
Descrierea generală a raionului Leova

District population per year

Rezultatele alegerilor din 28 noiembrie 2010 în raionul Leova
{{Authority control Districts of Moldova