Qinzhou
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Qinzhou ( postal: Yamchow, ,
Jyutping Jyutping is a romanisation system for Cantonese developed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK), an academic group, in 1993. Its formal name is the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong Cantonese Romanization Scheme. The LSHK advocates for ...
: ''Jam1 zau1'' ( Canton) /''Ham1 zau1'' (
Local Local may refer to: Geography and transportation * Local (train), a train serving local traffic demand * Local, Missouri, a community in the United States * Local government, a form of public administration, usually the lowest tier of administrat ...
) ) is a
prefecture-level city A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. During the Republican era, many of China' ...
in south-central
Guangxi Guangxi (; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the People's Republic ...
, southern China, lying on the
Gulf of Tonkin The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of . It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern ...
and having a total population of 3,302,238 as of the 2020 census whom 1,400,134 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Qinbei and Qinnan urban Districts.


History

The area originally belonged to
Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
and was transferred to Guangxi in 1965. The city was originally a county Qinxian ( postal: Yamhsien). From the beginning of the present era, Qinzhou ( Wade-Giles: ''K'in-chou'') was for many centuries "the center of Chinese overland trade with Indo-China".


Administration

The Qinzhou municipal region comprises two (county-level) districts and two
counties A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...
. Population data is as of 2009. *
Qinnan District Qinnan District () is a district of the city of Qinzhou, Guangxi Guangxi (; ; alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an autonomous region of the People' ...
() - pop. 570,000 *
Qinbei District Qinbei District (; Zhuang language: ) is a district of the city of Qinzhou Qinzhou ( postal: Yamchow, , Jyutping: ''Jam1 zau1'' (Canton) /''Ham1 zau1'' ( Local) ) is a prefecture-level city in south-central Guangxi, southern China, lying on th ...
() - pop. 650,000 *
Lingshan County Lingshan County ( postal: Lingshan; ) is a county under the administration of Qinzhou City in southeastern Guangxi, China. Administration Lingshan's executive, legislature and judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judica ...
() - pop. 1,400,000 *
Pubei County Pubei County (; za, Bujbwz Yen) is a county in the south of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Qinzhou City. Administration Pubei's executive, legislature and judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicatu ...
() - pop. 810,000


Geography and climate

Despite its latitude and location on the Gulf of Tonkin coast, Qinzhou has a monsoon-influenced
humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...
(
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...
''Cwa''), with short, mild winters, and long, hot and humid summers. Winter begins dry and rather sunny but becomes progressively wetter and cloudier. Spring is generally overcast and often rainy, while summer continues to be rainy though is the sunniest time of year; the coastal location moderates summer daytime temperatures, but there are 10.9 days annually with rainfall totaling at least . Autumn is sunny and dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from in January to in July, and the annual mean is . Mean annual rainfall is just above , the majority of which, on average, occurs from June to August in large totals in excess of each month. With monthly possible sunshine ranging from 17% in February to 55% in September, the city receives an average of 1,721 hours of bright sunshine annually.


Nature

Critically endangered Chinese white dolphins still live in the waters of these areas such as in Sanniang Bay. They are threatened by various factors such habitat loss.


Economy

In 2004, the
GDP Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is ofte ...
totaled 17,5 billion yuan, and the GDP per capita was yuan. Grain cultivation, hog husbandry, fruit growing and fishing are of significance in the surrounding areas. Qinzhou is also one of the centers of
turtle farming Turtle farming is the practice of raising turtles and tortoises of various species commercially. Raised animals are sold for use as gourmet food, traditional medicine ingredients, or as pets. Some farms also sell young animals to other farms, e ...
; according to one estimate, as of c. 2012, over 10,000 families in the Qinzhou area were involved in that industry, raising 1.25 million turtles at their homes and farms. Around 1,500 tons of turtles are sold by Qinzhou's turtle farmers to the national market every year. Oysters are also a significant product from Qinzhou. Oyster farming has reached 230,000 tons a year in an area of 10,100 hectares (38.9 square miles) It has become so popular, every year from December 1–28, Qinzhou hosts its annual Oyster Festival. Gourmet food is served and the oyster is celebrated all month long. People from all over the world go to enjoy oysters prepared in a variety of ways. There are demonstrations where chefs prepare oysters the way you want right in front of you.


Famous people

*
Liu Yongfu Liu Yongfu () (1837–1917) was a Chinese warlord and commander of the celebrated Black Flag Army. Liu won fame as a Chinese patriot fighting against the French Empire in northern Vietnam ( Tonkin) in the 1870s and early 1880s. During the Sin ...
(1837–1917) soldier of fortune, creator of the
Black Flag Army The Black Flag Army (; , chữ Nôm: 軍旗𬹙) was a splinter remnant of a bandit group recruited largely from soldiers of ethnic Zhuang background, who crossed the border in 1865 from Guangxi, China into northern Vietnam, then during the N ...
*
Han Feng Han Feng (韩锋), born in Qinzhou, Guangxi, People's Republic of China,Zynews.com.Zynews.com" ''广西局长日记来源新说:韩锋妻子被指泄密者.'' Retrieved on April 7, 2010. was a member of the Communist Party of China and a senior ...
(1956–) Tobacco monopoly apparatchik outed in 2010 as a "Chinese Casanova" * Chen Xingqian, one of the founders of Qinzhou's turtle farming industry * Feng Zicai (1818 – 1903)


Sister cities

*Qinzhou currently has a sister city,
Kuantan Kuantan ( Jawi: ) is a city and the state capital of Pahang, Malaysia. It is located near the mouth of the Kuantan River. Kuantan is the 18th largest city in Malaysia based on 2010 population, and the largest city in the East Coast of Penin ...
, Malaysia.


References

{{authority control Cities in Guangxi Prefecture-level divisions of Guangxi Gulf of Tonkin