The Prosecutor General of Russia (also
Attorney General
In most common law jurisdictions, the attorney general or attorney-general (sometimes abbreviated AG or Atty.-Gen) is the main legal advisor to the government. The plural is attorneys general.
In some jurisdictions, attorneys general also have exec ...
of Russia, russian: Генеральный прокурор Российской Федерации, Generalʹnyy prokuror Rossiyskoy Federatsii) heads the system of official prosecution in courts known and heads the Office of the Prosecutor General of the
Russian Federation
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
. The Prosecutor General remains one of the most powerful component of the
Russian judicial system.
Mission
The Office of the Prosecutor General is entrusted with:
# prosecution in court on behalf of the State;
# representation of the interests of a citizen or of the State in court in cases determined by law;
# supervision of the observance of laws by bodies that conduct detective and search activity, inquiry and pretrial investigation;
# supervision of the observance of laws in the execution of judicial decisions in criminal cases, and also in the application of other measures of coercion related to the restraint of personal liberty of citizens.
The Prosecutor General leads the
General Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry.
In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED ...
. The prosecutor's offices of
subjects of Russian Federation are subordinate to the General Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation, and the prosecutor's offices of
cities
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
and
raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is c ...
s are subordinate to the prosecutor's offices of subjects of Russian Federation. There are specialized prosecutor's offices (environmental prosecutor's offices, penitentiary prosecutor's offices, transport prosecutor's offices, closed cities prosecutor's offices) which are subordinate to the General Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation and have own subordinated prosecutor's offices. Finally, there is the
Chief Military Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation
Chief may refer to:
Title or rank
Military and law enforcement
* Chief master sergeant, the ninth, and highest, enlisted rank in the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force
* Chief of police, the head of a police department
* Chief of the boa ...
which is subordinated to the General Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation and have own subordinated military prosecutor's offices (military prosecutor's office of
Western Military District
The Western Military District (russian: Западный военный округ, Zapadnyy voyennyy okrug) is a military district of Russia.
It is one of the five military districts of the Russian Armed Forces, with its jurisdiction primari ...
, military prosecutor's office of
Eastern Military District
The Eastern Military District ( Russian: Восточный военный округ) is a military district of Russia.
It is one of the five military districts of the Russian Armed Forces, with its jurisdiction within the Far Eastern Fede ...
, military prosecutor's office of
Southern Military District
200px, Headquarters of the district at 53 Pushkinskaya Street / 43 Budenovsky avenue, Rostov-on-Don
The Southern Military District (Russian: Южный военный округ) is a military district of Russia.
It is one of the five milita ...
, military prosecutor's office of
Central Military District
The Central Military District (Russian: Центральный военный округ) is a military district of Russia.
It is one of the five military districts of the Russian Armed Forces, with its jurisdiction primarily within the ...
, military prosecutor's office of
Northern Fleet
Severnyy flot
, image = Great emblem of the Northern Fleet.svg
, image_size = 150px
, caption = Northern Fleet's great emblem
, start_date = June 1, 1733; Sov ...
, military prosecutor's office of
Baltic Fleet
, image = Great emblem of the Baltic fleet.svg
, image_size = 150
, caption = Baltic Fleet Great ensign
, dates = 18 May 1703 – present
, country =
, allegiance = (1703–1721) (1721–1917) (1917–1922) (1922–1991)(1991–present)
...
, military prosecutor's office of
Black Sea Fleet
Chernomorskiy flot
, image = Great emblem of the Black Sea fleet.svg
, image_size = 150px
, caption = Great emblem of the Black Sea fleet
, dates = May 13, ...
, military prosecutor's office of
Pacific Fleet, military prosecutor's office of
Strategic Missile Forces
The Strategic Rocket Forces of the Russian Federation or the Strategic Missile Forces of the Russian Federation (RVSN RF; russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской Фед ...
and Moscow city military prosecutor's office) which in turn have own subordinated military prosecutor's offices (
garrison
A garrison (from the French ''garnison'', itself from the verb ''garnir'', "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a mili ...
military prosecutor's offices).
Prosecutors in a broad sense are directly prosecutors (who leads prosecutor's offices), their deputies, senior assistants and junior assistants. All of them are federal government
official
An official is someone who holds an office (function or mandate, regardless whether it carries an actual working space with it) in an organization or government and participates in the exercise of authority, (either their own or that of their su ...
s, have
special ranks (russian: классные чины) and wear special
uniform
A uniform is a variety of clothing worn by members of an organization while participating in that organization's activity. Modern uniforms are most often worn by armed forces and paramilitary organizations such as police, emergency services, ...
with
shoulder mark
A shoulder mark, also called rank slide, or slip-on, is a flat cloth sleeve worn on the shoulder strap of a uniform. It may bear rank or other insignia. A shoulder mark should not be confused with a ''shoulder board'' (which is an elaborate sh ...
s. Military prosecutors (in a broad sense) are military personnel, have
military rank
Military ranks are a system of hierarchical relationships, within armed forces, police, intelligence agencies or other institutions organized along military lines. The military rank system defines dominance, authority, and responsibility in ...
s of
commissioned officers
An officer is a person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization. The term derives from Old French ''oficier'' "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French ''officier''), from Medieval Latin ''officiarius'' "an officer," fr ...
and wear military
uniform
A uniform is a variety of clothing worn by members of an organization while participating in that organization's activity. Modern uniforms are most often worn by armed forces and paramilitary organizations such as police, emergency services, ...
with
shoulder mark
A shoulder mark, also called rank slide, or slip-on, is a flat cloth sleeve worn on the shoulder strap of a uniform. It may bear rank or other insignia. A shoulder mark should not be confused with a ''shoulder board'' (which is an elaborate sh ...
s but they are not subordinate to any military authority (excepting higher military prosecutor).
Appointment
The Prosecutor General is nominated to the office by the
President of Russia
The president of the Russian Federation ( rus, Президент Российской Федерации, Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the head of state of the Russian Federation. The president leads the executive branch of the federa ...
and appointed by the majority of
Federation Council of Russia
The Federation Council (russian: Сове́т Федера́ции – ''Soviet Federatsii'', common abbreviation: Совфед – ''Sovfed''), or Senate (officially, starting from July 1, 2020) ( ru , Сенат , translit = Senat), is th ...
(the
Upper House
An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house.''Bicameralism'' (1997) by George Tsebelis The house formally designated as the upper house is usually smaller and often has more restric ...
of the
Russian Parliament
The Federal Assembly ( rus, Федера́льное Собра́ние, r=Federalnoye Sobraniye, p=fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnəjə sɐˈbranʲɪjə) is the national legislature of the Russian Federation, according to the Constitution of the Russian F ...
). If the nomination falls the President must nominate another
candidate
A candidate, or nominee, is the prospective recipient of an award or honor, or a person seeking or being considered for some kind of position; for example:
* to be elected to an office — in this case a candidate selection procedure occurs.
* ...
within 30 days (article 12 of the ''Federal Law about the Office of the Prosecutor General of Russian Federation
. The term of authority of the Prosecutor General is five years. The resignation of the Prosecutor General before the end of his term should be approved by both the majority of Federation Council of Russia and the President.
Constitutional independence
The Prosecutor General and his office are independent from the Executive, Legislative and Judicial
Separation of powers, branches of government. The
Investigative Committee of Russia
The Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation (russian: link=no, Следственный комитет Российской Федерации) has since January 2011 been the main federal investigating authority in Russia. Its name (' ...
, sometimes described as the "Russian
FBI", is the main federal investigating authority in Russia, formed in place of the Investigative Committee of the Prosecutor General in 2011.
List of prosecutors general
See also
*
Prosecutor General of the USSR
The Procurator General of the USSR (russian: Генеральный прокурор СССР, Generalnyi prokuror SSSR) was the highest functionary of the Office of the Public Procurator of the USSR, responsible for the whole system of offices ...
*
Ministry of Justice of the USSR
*
List of Justice Ministers of Imperial Russia
This is a list of Ministers of Justice of Russia.
Russian Empire
Provisional Government/Russian Republic
Russian SFSR
Russian Federation
See also
* Justice Minister
* Russian Council of Ministers
* Prosecutor General of Russia
External ...
*
List of Prosecutors General of Russia
This is a list of Prosecutors General of Russia.
Prosecutors General of the Russian Empire
* Count Pavel Yaguzhinsky (12 January 1722 – 6 April 1736)
* Prince Nikita Trubetskoy (28 April 1740 – 15 August 1760)
* Prince Yakov Shakh ...
*
Federal Penitentiary Service
The Federal Penitentiary Service (FSIN, Russian: Федеральная служба исполнения наказаний (ФСИН), ''Federalnaya Sluzhba Ispolneniya Nakazaniy'') is a federal agency of the Ministry of Justice of Russia ...
*
Crime in Russia
Crime in Russia refers to the multivalent issues of organized crime, extensive political and police corruption, and all aspects of criminality at play in Russia. Violent crime has been on a decline in Russia. Violent crime in Siberia is much mor ...
*
Prosecution Service of Russia class rate insignia Table of Ranks
See also
* History of Russian military ranks
* Military Ranks, Special Ranks and Class Rates in Russia
* Prosecutor General of Russia
The Prosecutor General of Russia (also Attorney General of Russia, russian: Генера ...
References
*
External links
Site of The Office of the Prosecutor GeneralList of Prosecutors Generals of Imperial Russia, Soviet Union and Russian Federation
{{Russia topics
Government of Russia
Law enforcement in Russia
Law of Russia
Prosecution