Progress M-34 on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
Progress M-34 (russian: Прогресс М-34, italic=yes) was a Russian uncrewed cargo spacecraft which was launched in 1997 to resupply the
Collision in orbit
{{Progress spacecraft Spacecraft launched in 1997 Progress (spacecraft) missions Spacecraft which reentered in 1997 Satellite collisions Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-U rockets
Progress M-34 (russian: Прогресс М-34, italic=yes) was a Russian uncrewed cargo spacecraft which was launched in 1997 to resupply the Mir
''Mir'' (russian: Мир, ; ) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, operated by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. ''Mir'' was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to&n ...
space station, and which subsequently collided with Mir during a docking attempt, resulting in significant damage to the space station.
Spacecraft
The 52nd of 64Progress
Progress is the movement towards a refined, improved, or otherwise desired state. In the context of progressivism, it refers to the proposition that advancements in technology, science, and social organization have resulted, and by extension w ...
spacecraft to visit Mir, it used the Progress-M
Progress-M (russian: Прогресс-М, GRAU indices 11F615A55 and 11F615A60), also known as Progress 7K-TGM, is a Russian, previously Soviet spacecraft which is used to resupply space stations. It is a variant of the Progress spacecraft, or ...
11F615A55 configuration, and had the serial number
A serial number is a unique identifier assigned incrementally or sequentially to an item, to ''uniquely'' identify it.
Serial numbers need not be strictly numerical. They may contain letters and other typographical symbols, or may consist enti ...
234. It carried supplies including food, water, and oxygen for the EO-23 crew aboard Mir, as well as equipment for conducting scientific research, and fuel for adjusting the station's orbit and performing maneuvers. Among its cargo were two new spacesuit
A space suit or spacesuit is a garment worn to keep a human alive in the harsh environment of outer space, vacuum and temperature extremes. Space suits are often worn inside spacecraft as a safety precaution in case of loss of cabin pressure, ...
s, three fire extinguisher
A fire extinguisher is a handheld active fire protection device usually filled with a dry or wet chemical used to extinguish or control small fires, often in emergencies. It is not intended for use on an out-of-control fire, such as one which ha ...
s, oxygen candle
A chemical oxygen generator is a device that releases oxygen via a chemical reaction. The oxygen source is usually an inorganic superoxide, chlorate, or perchlorate; ozonides are a promising group of oxygen sources. The generators are usually ig ...
s, and equipment to facilitate repairs to Mir's life support system
A life-support system is the combination of equipment that allows survival in an environment or situation that would not support that life in its absence. It is generally applied to systems supporting human life in situations where the outsid ...
.
Launch and docking
Progress M-34 was launched at 16:04:05 UTC on 6 April 1997, atop aSoyuz-U
The Soyuz-U launch vehicle was an improved version of the original Soyuz rocket. Soyuz-U was part of the R-7 family of rockets based on the R-7 Semyorka missile. Members of this rocket family were designed by the TsSKB design bureau and cons ...
carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome
''Baiqoñyr ğaryş ailağy'' rus, Космодром Байконур''Kosmodrom Baykonur''
, image = Baikonur Cosmodrome Soyuz launch pad.jpg
, caption = The Baikonur Cosmodrome's "Gagarin's Start" Soyuz ...
. Following two days of free flight, it docked with the Aft port of Mir's Kvant-1
Kvant-1 (russian: Квант-1; English: Quantum-I/1) (37KE) was the first module to be attached in 1987 to the Mir Core Module, which formed the core of the Soviet space station ''Mir''. It remained attached to ''Mir'' until the entire space stat ...
module at 17:30:01 GMT on 8 April.
Collision
Progress M-34 undocked from Mir at 10:22:45 UTC on 24 June 1997, in preparation for a docking test planned for the next day. On 25 June 1997, the spacecraft re-approached Mir under manual control (TORU TORU or Toru may refer to:
* TORU, spacecraft system
* Toru (given name), Japanese male given name
* Toru, Pakistan, village in Mardan District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
*Tõru
Tõru is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western ...
), in a test intended to establish whether Russia could reduce the cost of Progress missions by eliminating the Kurs
KURS (1040 kHz) is an AM radio station broadcasting a Spanish-language Catholic radio format. The station is licensed to San Diego, California and is owned by El Sembrador Ministries. KURS is an affiliate of ''ESNE Radio''. ESNE had been hea ...
automated docking system. At 09:18 UTC, whilst under the control of Vasily Tsibliyev
Vasily Vasiliyevich Tsibliyev (russian: Василий Василиевич Циблиев); born on February 20, 1954) is retired Russian cosmonaut and former head of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
Life
He was selected as a cosmona ...
, the Progress spacecraft collided with the space station's Spektr
Spektr (russian: Спектр; en, Spectrum) (TKM-O, 77KSO, 11F77O) was the fifth module of the Mir Space Station. The module was designed for remote observation of Earth's environment containing atmospheric and surface research equipment. Sp ...
module, damaging both the module itself, and a solar panel
A solar cell panel, solar electric panel, photo-voltaic (PV) module, PV panel or solar panel is an assembly of photovoltaic solar cells mounted in a (usually rectangular) frame, and a neatly organised collection of PV panels is called a photo ...
. Following the collision, Progress M-34 was manoeuvred away from the station, before being deorbited on 2 July. Its deorbit burn was conducted at 05:34:58 UTC, with the spacecraft being destroyed during reentry
Atmospheric entry is the movement of an object from outer space into and through the gases of an atmosphere of a planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. There are two main types of atmospheric entry: ''uncontrolled entry'', such as the ...
over the Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the conti ...
at 06:31:50.
See also
*1997 in spaceflight
This article outlines notable events occurring in 1997 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.
Launches
, colspan="8",
January
, -
, colspan="8",
February
, -
, colspan="8",
March
, - ...
*List of Progress flights
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to:
People
* List (surname)
Organizations
* List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America
* SC Germania List, German rugby union ...
*List of uncrewed spaceflights to Mir
This is a list of uncrewed spaceflights to Mir. Components of the space station are indicated in green.
*A. - Time from docking until debris impact in the Pacific Ocean at approximately 05:59 GMT on 23 March 2001.
*B. - From time of launch
*C. ...
References
External links
Collision in orbit
{{Progress spacecraft Spacecraft launched in 1997 Progress (spacecraft) missions Spacecraft which reentered in 1997 Satellite collisions Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-U rockets