, title = Duke of Calabria

Grandee of Spain Grandee (; es, Grande de España, ) is an official aristocratic title conferred on some Spanish nobility. Holders of this dignity enjoyed similar privileges to those of the peerage of France during the , though in neither country did they ...

Count of Caserta , image = , caption = , succession = Head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (disputed) , reign-type = Tenure , reign =5 October 2015 – present , predecessor =

Infante Carlos ''Infante'' (, ; f. ''infanta''), also anglicised as Infant or translated as Prince, is the title and rank given in the Iberian kingdoms of Spain (including the predecessor kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, Navarre, and León) and Portugal to th ...

, successor = Prince Jaime , suc-type = Heir , spouse = , issue = Prince Jaime, Duke of Noto
Prince Juan
Prince Pablo
Prince Pedro
Princess Sofía
Princess Blanca
Princess María , father = Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria , mother = Princess Anne of Orléans , birth_date = , birth_place =

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = '' Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , ...

, death_date = , death_place = , burial_place = , house =

Bourbon-Two Sicilies The House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies is a cadet branch of the Spanish royal family, Spanish Bourbons that ruled Southern Italy and Sicily for more than a century in the 18th and 19th centuries. It descends from the Capetian dynasty in legitimate ma ...

, religion =

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: * Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD * Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...

Prince Pedro of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duke of Calabria (

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Can ...

: ''Pedro Juan María Alejo Saturnino y de Todos los Santos''; born 16 October 1968), is the only son of Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria (1938–2015), and his wife, Princess Anne of Orléans. He is a claimant to the headship of the

House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies The House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies is a cadet branch of the Spanish Bourbons that ruled Southern Italy and Sicily for more than a century in the 18th and 19th centuries. It descends from the Capetian dynasty in legitimate male line through Phili ...

, which ruled the

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and al ...

before the

unification of Italy The unification of Italy ( it, Unità d'Italia ), also known as the ''Risorgimento'' (, ; ), was the 19th-century political and social movement that resulted in the consolidation of different states of the Italian Peninsula into a single ...

Claim and career

The only son of Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria (1938–2015), and his wife, Princess Anne of Orléans.de Badts de Cugnac, Chantal. Coutant de Saisseval, Guy. Nouvelle Imprimerie Laballery. Paris. 2002. pp. 404–405, 544–545 (French) Pedro is currently one of two claimants to the headship of the

, since the death of his father on 5 October 2015. The other claimant is Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro. Pedro is claimant to the sovereignty of the Constantinian Order, grand master of the Order of Saint Januarius, president of the Council of the four Spanish Military Orders of

Santiago Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated region, the Santiago Metropolitan Region, whos ...

, Calatrava,

Alcántara Alcántara is a municipality in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain, on the Tagus, near Portugal. The toponym is from the Arabic word ''al-Qanṭarah'' (القنطرة) meaning "the bridge". History Archaeological findings have atteste ...

and Montesa, and grand commander of the

Order of Alcántara The Order of Alcántara ( Leonese: ''Orde de Alcántara'', es, Orden de Alcántara), also called the Knights of St. Julian, was originally a military order of León, founded in 1166 and confirmed by Pope Alexander III in 1177. Alcántara Alcá ...

. He is also a

grandee Grandee (; es, Grande de España, ) is an official aristocratic title conferred on some Spanish nobility. Holders of this dignity enjoyed similar privileges to those of the peerage of France during the , though in neither country did they ...

as the son of an

infante ''Infante'' (, ; f. ''infanta''), also anglicised as Infant or translated as Prince, is the title and rank given in the Iberian kingdoms of Spain (including the predecessor kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, Navarre, and León) and Portugal to th ...

of Spain.

Act of Cannes (1900)

On 14 December 1900, Prince Carlos, next oldest brother to the childless Prince Ferdinand, head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and irrefutable claimant to the extinct throne of the

Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and all ...

, signed a private agreement of renunciation to the disappeared throne as he was marrying María de las Mercedes, Princess of Asturias, heir presumptive to the throne of Spain. This document, known as the Act of

Cannes Cannes ( , , ; oc, Canas) is a city located on the French Riviera. It is a commune located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, and host city of the annual Cannes Film Festival, Midem, and Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity. The ...

, was signed in purported obedience to the 1759 Pragmatic Sanction signed by

Charles III of Spain it, Carlo Sebastiano di Borbone e Farnese , house = Bourbon-Anjou , father = Philip V of Spain , mother = Elisabeth Farnese , birth_date = 20 January 1716 , birth_place = Royal Alcazar of Madrid, Spain , death_da ...

where it was established that the thrones of Spain and Naples should never be held by the same monarch and thus divided them for the sake of a European balance of power. The newly independent

Kingdom of Naples The Kingdom of Naples ( la, Regnum Neapolitanum; it, Regno di Napoli; nap, Regno 'e Napule), also known as the Kingdom of Sicily, was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816. It was ...

was ceded by Charles of Spain to his third child, who would become

Ferdinand I of Naples Ferdinando Trastámara d'Aragona, of the Naples branch, universally known as Ferrante and also called by his contemporaries Don Ferrando and Don Ferrante (2 June 1424, in Valencia – 25 January 1494, in Naples), was the only son, illegitimate, of ...

. This would establish the kings of Naples and Sicily as cadet members of the

Spanish royal family The Spanish royal family consists of King Felipe VI, Queen Letizia, their children (Leonor, Princess of Asturias and Infanta Sofía of Spain), and Felipe's parents, King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía. The royal family lives at Zarzuela Palace ...

, and so the country enjoyed strong relationships with its 'mother state', following many of its legal customs. The Act of Cannes states: Supporters of the other claimant to the headship of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, sometimes referred to as the Castrist faction, argue that because Prince Carlos signed this agreement, he relinquished all of his rights and those of his descendants to both the headship of the family and the

Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George The Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (SMOCG) ( it, Sacro Militare Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio, es, Sagrada Orden Militar Constantiniana de San Jorge), also historically referred to as the Imperial Constantinian Order ...

, and so the rights currently fall on Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro. However, supporters of Pedro, also known as the legitimists, argue that the Act of Cannes was drafted upon conditions that never arose, i.e. it would have only been valid if Prince Carlos would have indeed faced the situation of his wife inheriting the throne of Spain, something that never happened and was furthermore highly unlikely at the time the document was created. The legitimist supporters also point out several flaws in the document and its interpretation. Also, they argue that the Act of Cannes never mentioned the headship of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies or the grand magistry of the Constantinian Order, and so this was therefore never renounced. Regardless, it was founded as trustee Farnesian dynastic order, and so it is the mainstream academic view that succession is not linked to the throne of Naples and Sicily. Following this logic, at the very least, the headship and grand magistry of the Constantinian Order would fall on Prince Pedro.

Career

He has worked as a

structural engineer Structural engineers analyze, design, plan, and research structural components and structural systems to achieve design goals and ensure the safety and comfort of users or occupants. Their work takes account mainly of safety, technical, economi ...

. He manages the family estate, ''La Toledana'', in

Ciudad Real Ciudad Real (, ; en, "Royal City") is a municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha, capital of the province of Ciudad Real. It is the 5th most populated municipality in the region. History It was founded ...

, Spain, as well as other landed estates in

Marriage and issue

Pedro married Sofía Landaluce y Melgarejo (born 23 November 1973 in

), daughter of José Manuel Landaluce y Domínguez and his wife María de las Nieves Blanca Melgarejo y González (granddaughter of the Dukes of San Fernando de Quiroga), on 30 March 2001 at

Real Club de la Puerta de Hierro Real Club de la Puerta de Hierro (), commonly known as Puerta de Hierro, is a private country club based in Madrid, Spain. It owes its name to the nearby iron memorial arch. Notorious for being associated with the royal families of Europe and t ...

in Madrid. Pedro and Sofía have seven children: * Prince Jaime of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (born 26 June 1992 in Madrid), Duke of Noto ( Duke of Capua 2012–2015), Grand Constable of the Order of Saint George and Reunion, Grand Prefect of the Constantinian Order, Knight of

, Knight of Honour and Devotion of the

Sovereign Military Order of Malta The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta ( it, Sovrano Militare Ordine Ospedaliero di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme, di Rodi e di Malta; ...

. Married to Lady Charlotte Diana Lindesay-Bethune (born 12 May 1993), youngest child of Scottish businessman and politician James Lindesay-Bethune, 16th Earl of Lindsay and his wife, Diana Mary Chamberlayne-Macdonald, on 25 September 2021 at

Monreale Cathedral Monreale Cathedral ( it, Cattedrale di Santa Maria Nuova di Monreale; Duomo di Monreale) is a Catholic church in Monreale, Metropolitan City of Palermo, Sicily, southern Italy. One of the greatest existent examples of Norman architecture, it was ...

* Prince Juan of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (born 18 April 2003 in Madrid) * Prince Pablo of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (born 26 June 2004 in Madrid) * Prince Pedro of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (born 3 January 2007 in

) * Princess Sofía of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (born 12 November 2008 in Madrid) * Princess Blanca of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (born 7 April 2011 in Ciudad Real) * Princess María of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (born 5 March 2015 in Ciudad Real)

Honours

* Knight Grand Cross of Justice of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (1986–2015) * Grand Master of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George since 5 November 2015 * Grand Master of the Order of Saint Januarius since 5 November 2015 * Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta * Grand Commander of the Order of Alcantara (2014) *President of the Royal Council of the Spanish Military Orders of Chivalry (Orders of

, Calatrava

and Montesa) (appointed by HM King Juan Carlos I, 2014) *Knight Grand Cross of the

Order of the Holy Sepulchre The Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Equestris Sancti Sepulcri Hierosolymitani, links=yes, OESSH), also called Order of the Holy Sepulchre or Knights of the Holy Sepulchre, is a Catholic order of knighthood under ...

. * Commander of the Civil Order of Alfonso X the Wise (22 December 2017)Boletín Oficial del Estado
/ref> *Caballero Protector de la Real Cuerpo de la Nobleza de Madrid

Other activities

* President of th
Foundation for the Protection of Nature
* President of th
Foundation Lux Hispaniarum
* President of th
Foundation of the Hospital of Santiago de Cuenca
* Patron of th

* Vice-President of th
Delegation of the Community of Castilla-La Mancha of the APD
* *

Arms

File:Coat of Arms of the Crown Prince of the Two Sicilies.svg, Coat of arms as Duke of Noto
(1968–2015) File:Great Royal Coat of Arms of the Two Sicilies.svg, Coat of arms as Pretender
(2015–present) File:Coat of arms of Pedro of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (Spanish Heraldry).svg, Coat of arms in Spain
(2015–present)

Ancestors

Notes

References

Bibliography

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Calabria, Prince Pedro, Duke of 1968 births Pedro Nobility from Madrid Dukes of Noto Dukes of Calabria Living people Knights of the Order of Alcántara Grandees of Spain Knights of the Holy Sepulchre