seaside resort
A seaside resort is a resort town, town, village, or hotel that serves as a Resort, vacation resort and is located on a coast. Sometimes the concept includes an aspect of official accreditation based on the satisfaction of certain requirements, suc ...
in southeastern
Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...
, capital of homonymous municipality, part of
Burgas Province
Burgas Province ( bg, Област Бургас, translit=Oblast Burgas, formerly the Burgas okrug) is a province in southeastern Bulgaria, including the southern Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. The province is named after its administrative and indus ...
. A well-known resort on the
Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
The Bulgarian Black Sea Coast (), also known as the Bulgarian Riviera, covers the entire eastern bound of Bulgaria stretching from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to European Turkey in the south, along 378 km of coast ...
, it is located 52 km south of
Burgas
Burgas ( bg, Бургас, ), sometimes transliterated as ''Bourgas'', is the second largest city on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast in the region of Northern Thrace and the fourth-largest in Bulgaria after Sofia, Plovdiv, and Varna, with a popu ...
and has a beach strip of about 1 km2. The average temperature is 29 °C in July, often reaching 30-33 °C and making Primorsko a favourable place for tourism. Seawater temperature in July and August is 27-28 °C. Primorsko enjoys more than 2,300 sunshine hours a year, mostly in summertime. The rivers
Ropotamo
The Ropotamo ( bg, Ропотамо , from the Ancient Greek word Ροπόταμος ''ropotamos'' meaning "border river") is a river in south-eastern Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bu ...
and
Dyavolska reka
The Dyavolska reka ( bg, Дяволска река, "devil's river") is a river in Burgas Province, southeastern Bulgaria. It originates in the Strandzha mountains, runs near the coastal town of Primorsko, and flows into the Black Sea. In its mid ...
run close to the town. The
Ropotamo
The Ropotamo ( bg, Ропотамо , from the Ancient Greek word Ροπόταμος ''ropotamos'' meaning "border river") is a river in south-eastern Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bu ...
nature reserve and Snake Island reserve are also nearby.
History
Remains of stone anchors from the second half of the 2nd millennium and the 1st millennium BC have been discovered in the waters around Primorsko, which can possibly be linked to
Neolithic
The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several parts ...
navigation. Remains of lead anchors from the 4th-5th century BC have also been found, as well as traces of
Copper Age
The Copper Age, also called the Chalcolithic (; from grc-gre, χαλκός ''khalkós'', "copper" and ''líthos'', "stone") or (A)eneolithic (from Latin '' aeneus'' "of copper"), is an archaeological period characterized by regular ...
pottery and stone tools. Valchanovo kale, the ruins of a nearby medieval fortress, which inhabited from the
Early Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age (Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age (Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostly appl ...
to the
Late Middle Ages
The Late Middle Ages or Late Medieval Period was the Periodization, period of European history lasting from AD 1300 to 1500. The Late Middle Ages followed the High Middle Ages and preceded the onset of the early modern period (and in much of Eur ...
, are often linked with the fortress of Ranouli mentioned in the Hambarli inscription of
Krum of Bulgaria
Krum ( bg, Крум, el, Κροῦμος/Kroumos), often referred to as Krum the Fearsome ( bg, Крум Страшни) was the Khan of Bulgaria from sometime between 796 and 803 until his death in 814. During his reign the Bulgarian territor ...
. Medieval
amphora
An amphora (; grc, ἀμφορεύς, ''amphoreús''; English plural: amphorae or amphoras) is a type of container with a pointed bottom and characteristic shape and size which fit tightly (and therefore safely) against each other in storag ...
s and pottery have been found in the mouth of the Ropotamo, and the ancient waystation and fortress of Gera is thought to have been located on Maslen nos.
Ottoman documents of the 16th century mention a locality called ''Zonarita'' in the area. The eastern traveller
Evliya Çelebi
Derviş Mehmed Zillî (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as Evliya Çelebi ( ota, اوليا چلبى), was an Ottoman explorer who travelled through the territory of the Ottoman Empire and neighboring lands over a period of forty years, recording ...
marks a cove by the name of ''Küprü liman'' at the place. During the Ottoman rule of Bulgaria, there existed a pier used to transport
Strandzha
Strandzha ( bg, Странджа, also transliterated as ''Strandja'', ; tr, Istranca , or ) is a mountain massif in southeastern Bulgaria and the European part of Turkey. It is in the southeastern part of the Balkans between the plains of T ...
and other major cities.
The modern Primorsko was founded in 1879 as ''Kyupria'' by four families from
Zabernovo
Zabernovo ( bg, Заберново) is a village in Malko Tarnovo Municipality, in Burgas Province, in southeastern Bulgaria.Balgari, (who had left their villages after the Berlin treaty left them in Turkey) who cleared the forest and built houses. In the vicinity were two abandoned Circassian villages; the Circassians had fled to
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
fearing retribution for their atrocities in Bulgaria. Other Bulgarians from Central Strandzha came and briefly populated these villages, but then decided that Kyupriya's pier is a better source of income, and soon moved there despite the danger of
malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or death. S ...
which Dyavolsko blato (Devil's Swamp) constituted.
The town was renamed to Primorsko in 1934. Primorsko was declared a national sea resort in 1953. In 1981, it was merged with Kiten and became a town. In a 1998 local referendum, it split from
Tsarevo
Tsarevo ( bg, Царево, , also transliterated as Carevo or Tzarevo) is a town and seaside resort in the Municipality of Tsarevo, Burgas Province, Bulgaria.
Etymology
In the past, it was known as Vasiliko ( el, Βασιλικόν), and betwe ...
Municipality and became a seat of Primorsko Municipality. One of the smaller towns in Bulgaria by population, Primorsko has seen a remarkable increase of residents in recent years, topping the list of Bulgarian towns by population growth between December 2004 and June 2005 with 13.5%.
Transportation
The city has its own
airport
An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport. Airports usually consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface ...
; its runway being too short for airliners, it has no scheduled service, serving only recreational and private aircraft.
Climate
Primorsko has a
humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...
(
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
: ''Cfa'') bordering on a
mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate (also called a dry summer temperate climate ''Cs'') is a temperate climate sub-type, generally characterized by warm, dry summers and mild, fairly wet winters; these weather conditions are typically experienced in the ...
with light
continental
Continental may refer to:
Places
* Continent, the major landmasses of Earth
* Continental, Arizona, a small community in Pima County, Arizona, US
* Continental, Ohio, a small town in Putnam County, US
Arts and entertainment
* ''Continental'' ( ...
influences.
Gallery
Image:Town of Primorsko aerial Boby Dimitrov 2.jpg, Aerial view
Image:Port of Primorsko.jpg, Port of Primorsko
Image:primorsko001.JPG, Primorsko seen from the beach
Image:primorsko002.JPG,
Dyavolska reka
The Dyavolska reka ( bg, Дяволска река, "devil's river") is a river in Burgas Province, southeastern Bulgaria. It originates in the Strandzha mountains, runs near the coastal town of Primorsko, and flows into the Black Sea. In its mid ...