Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a List of cities in China, city and Special administrative regions of China, special ...

had a

multi-party In political science, a multi-party system is a political system in which multiple political parties across the political spectrum run for national elections, and all have the capacity to gain control of government offices, separately or in coa ...

system, with numerous parties in which no one party was allowed to gain power by controlling the Legislative Council. The

Chief Executive A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO) or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization especially ...

is selected by the

Politburo A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states. Names The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contracti ...

based on an indirectly elected

Election Committee The Election Committee is a Hong Kong electoral college, the function of which is to select the Chief Executive (CE) and, since 2021, to elect 40 of the 90 members of the Legislative Council. Established by Annex I of the Basic Law of Ho ...

and is ''

de facto ''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with '' de jure'' ("by l ...

'' pro-Beijing but ''

de jure In law and government, ''de jure'' ( ; , "by law") describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. In contrast, ("in fact") describes situations that exist in reality, even if not legall ...

'' is said to be

nonpartisan Nonpartisanism is a lack of affiliation with, and a lack of bias towards, a political party. While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of ''partisan'' includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers sp ...

as specified in the Chief Executive Election Ordinance. Once selected, the

forms an unelected

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government i ...

which superficially has to rely on

political parties A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology ...

in the

legislature A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known ...

for support, but the

has been deliberately designed and redesigned to be a pro-Beijing

rubber stamp A rubber stamp is an image or pattern that has been carved, molded, laser engraved or vulcanized onto a sheet of rubber. Rubber stamping, also called stamping, is a craft in which some type of ink made of dye or pigment is applied to rubbe ...

body. Hong Kong has no legislation for political parties, and thus has no legal definition for what a political party is. Most political parties and political groups registered either as limited companies or societies. In Hong Kong there were two main political ideological blocs, which presents to

pro-democracy camp The pro-democracy camp, also known as the pan-democracy camp, is a political alignment in Hong Kong that supports increased democracy, namely the universal suffrage of the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council as given by the Basic L ...

(include localists) and

pro-Beijing camp The pro-Beijing camp, pro-establishment camp, pro-government camp or pro-China camp refers to a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing central government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) ...

. Under the newly introduced electoral system, only government-approved candidates may run, effectively disqualifying any candidates who are not from the

or approved by Beijing. Most of the

Legislative Councillors from the previous LegCo have been jailed by the Hong Kong government and are therefore disqualified from participating in elections without the need for government vetting.

Present parties

The list includes also political groups,

trade unions A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits ( ...

professional associations A professional association (also called a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and th ...

and pressure groups in

that have been active in elections but are not considered parties.

Parties and groups in the Legislative and District Councils

As of 19 June 2017, there were a total number of 16 political groupings represented in the Legislative and District Councils: There are currently (As of August 2021) 8 political groups are still officially represented, and 4 further political groups represented by members of the first 8 groups (New Territories Association of Societies, New Territories Heung Yee Kuk, Kowloon West New Dynamic, Civil Force), all 12 are pro-Beijing parties.

Other parties and groups

Other parties and groups without any representation that have participated in the elections include:

Pro-democracy camp

* 2047 Hong Kong Monitor () * 7.1 People Pile () *

April Fifth Action April Fifth Action () is a Hong Kong left-wing group named after the first Tiananmen incident of 5 April 1976. While the organization's Chinese name translates as "April Fifth Action", English-language media in Hong Kong usually refer to it as th ...

() * Chinese Labour Party () * Chinese Liberal Democratic Party () * China Youth Service & Recreation Centre () * Citizens' Radio () * Civic Act-Up () (part of Labour Party) *

Civic Party The Civic Party (CP) is a pro-democracy liberal political party in Hong Kong. It is currently chaired by barrister Alan Leong. The party was formed in 2006 on the basis of the Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group, which was derived from the ...

() * Democratic Party () * The Frontier () * Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood *

HK First HK First is a localist political party in Hong Kong. It had one representative in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, Claudia Mo, a former pan-democratic Civic Party member. It was founded in 2013 by two pro-democracy legislators, Claudia ...

() *

Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council The Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council is the third largest trade union federation in Hong Kong, after the Federation of Trade Unions (FTU) and pro-Beijing Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions (FLU). It is affiliated wit ...

() *

Hong Kong Awakening Association Hong may refer to: Places * Høng, a town in Denmark * Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China * Hong, Nigeria * Hong River in China and Vietnam * Lake Hong in China Surnames * Hong (Chinese name) * Hong (Korean name) ...

() * Hong Kong Caritas Employees Union () * Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Practitioners' Rights General Union () * Hong Kong Democratic Development Network () * Hong Kong Democratic Foundation () * Hong Kong Independence Party () *

Hong Kong Social Workers' General Union Hong Kong Social Workers' General Union (HKSWGU) is a trade union for the social workers in Hong Kong. It was established in 1980. The current president, Cheung Kwok-che is the member in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It is one of the trad ...

() * Labour Party () * Land Justice League () *

League of Social Democrats The League of Social Democrats (LSD) is a social democratic party in Hong Kong. Chaired by Chan Po-ying, wife of Leung Kwok-hung, it positions itself as the radical wing of the pro-democracy camp and stresses on "street actions" and "parliame ...

() *

Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre The Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre (NWSC) is a pro-democracy political group in Hong Kong, holding one seat in the Legislative Council from 1995 to 1997, and since 1998. It was founded in 1985, with its roots in the New Youth Study S ...

() *

People Power "People Power" is a political term denoting the populist driving force of any social movement which invokes the authority of grassroots opinion and willpower, usually in opposition to that of conventionally organised corporate or political for ...

() * Pioneer of Victoria Park () *

Power Voters The Power Voters was a pro-democratic political group in Hong Kong. The core members formed the radical party People Power in early 2011 and became one of its branches. Its major aims were to punish the largest pro-democratic party Democratic P ...

() (part of People Power) * Professional Commons () *

Revolutionary Communist Party of China The Revolutionary Communist Party of China is a Trotskyist political party based in Hong Kong. The party's members fled from Mainland China after the anti-Trotskyist Communist Party of China seized power in 1949, and its activities have sinc ...

(, October Review) * Socialist Action () * Southern Democratic Alliance () *

Synergy Kowloon Synergy is an interaction or cooperation giving rise to a whole that is greater than the simple sum of its parts. The term ''synergy'' comes from the Attic Greek word συνεργία ' from ', , meaning "working together". History In Christia ...

()

Pro-Beijing camp

* Bauhinia Party () *

Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong The Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong (, abbreviated 工商專聯; BPF) is a non-partisan think tank in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. Mission The mission BPF is: * to help enhan ...

() *

Civil Force Civil Force () is a district-based pro-Beijing political party in Hong Kong. Since 2014, the Civil Force has entered an alliance with the New People's Party of Regina Ip. Headed by chairman Pun Kwok-shan, it had its stronghold in the Sha Tin a ...

() * Economic Synergy () (part of Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong) * Education Convergence () * Government Disciplined Services General Union () * Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers () * Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association () *

Hong Kong Civic Association The Hong Kong Civic Association is one of the longest-existing political organisations in Hong Kong. Established in 1954 by a group of teachers, professionals and businessmen, the Civic Association was one of the two semi-political parties to ...

() *

Hong Kong Medical Association The Hong Kong Medical Association (HKMA; ), formerly called the Hong Kong Chinese Medical Association, is a medical association based in Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of t ...

() *

Hong Kong Public Doctors' Association Hong may refer to: Places *Høng, a town in Denmark *Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China *Hong, Nigeria *Hong River in China and Vietnam *Lake Hong in China Surnames *Hong (Chinese name) *Hong (Korean name) Organiz ...

() *

Hong Kong Women Teachers' Organization Hong may refer to: Places *Høng, a town in Denmark *Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China *Hong, Nigeria *Hong River in China and Vietnam *Lake Hong in China Surnames *Hong (Chinese name) *Hong (Korean name) Organiz ...

() * Justice Alliance () * New Youth Forum () *

HK Round Table On People’s Livelihood Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta ...

() *

Politihk Social Strategic Politihk Social Strategic ( zh, t=香港政研會) is a political organisation in Hong Kong founded by a group of pro-Beijing activists in 2016 who opposed the 2014 Hong Kong protests and support the Leung Chun-ying administration. History Its ...

() * Professional Forum () (part of Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong) * Third Force () *

Voice of Loving Hong Kong Voice of Loving Hong Kong () is a pro-Beijing camp organisation and pressure group. Created by businessman and activist Patrick Ko, initially as a Facebook page, its stated aim is to show solidarity with, and support for the CY Leung administration ...

() * Path of Democracy () * Third Side ()

Localist groups

* Christians to the World () *

Conservative Party The Conservative Party is a name used by many political parties around the world. These political parties are generally right-wing though their exact ideologies can range from center-right to far-right. Political parties called The Conservative P ...

() * Empowering Hong Kong () * Hong Kong Indigenous () * Hong Kong Localism Power () * Hong Kong Resurgence Order () *

Kowloon East Community Kowloon East Community is a localist political group formed in late 2014 in Hong Kong by a group of netizens on the online forum Hong Kong Golden Forum who were inspired by 2014 Occupy protests. It focuses on livelihood issues in Kwun Tong D ...

() * Nationalist Hong Kong () *

Proletariat Political Institute Proletariat Political Institute is a political organisation and school headed by Wong Yuk-man, former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It was first established by Wong in 2010 as a political educational institute within the Lea ...

() * Tai Po Sunwalker () *

Tin Shui Wai New Force Tin Shui Wai New Force () is a localist political group in Hong Kong established in late 2014 by a group of young people who had participated in the Umbrella Revolution. It claims to cater to the livelihood issues in Tin Shui Wai district. In t ...

() * Tsuen Wan Community Network () * Tuen Mun Community () * Tuen Mun Community Network () *

Youngspiration Youngspiration is a localist political party in Hong Kong founded in 2015. It emerged after the 2014 Hong Kong protests (often dubbed as the "Umbrella Revolution") with an agenda of protection of Hong Kong people's interests and culture agains ...

()

Umbrella organisations

* Ching Fat Living Concern Group () * North of the Rings () * Tsuen Wan Dynamic for the People ()

Others

* Alliance for Social and Economic Advancement () * Green Party of Hong Kong () * Hong Kong People's Livelihood Party () *

New Prospect for Hong Kong New Prospect for Hong Kong () is a political group established in October 2019 consisting mainly of mainland Chinese living in Hong Kong, dubbed "gang piao" in Mandarin. Background The party was initially formed in October 2019 during the 2019-2 ...

() *

MESSAGE A message is a discrete unit of communication intended by the source for consumption by some recipient or group of recipients. A message may be delivered by various means, including courier, telegraphy, carrier pigeon and electronic bus. A ...

()

Regional organisations, communal pressure groups and Kaifong associations

* Action 18 () * Ap Lei Chau Community Trade Union () * Cheung Sha Wan West Front () * Choi Hung Estate Social Service Association () *

Concern Group for Tseung Kwan O People's Livelihood Concern Group for Tseung Kwan O People's Livelihood (; CGPLTKO) is a district-based pro-democracy camp, pro-democracy political group centred in Tseung Kwan O by Sai Kung District Councillors in 2000. History It was formed in 2000 by four pro-d ...

() *

Community Alliance Community Alliance () is a political alliance set up by a group of pro-democratic grassroots activists and community workers, many of whom are the former members of the Democratic Party. Mainly based in New Territories East, the group consists o ...

() * Deliberation Tsuen Wan () * Fu Sun Generation () *

Heung Yee Kuk The Heung Yee Kuk, officially the Heung Yee Kuk N.T., is a statutory advisory body representing establishment interests in the New Territories, Hong Kong. The council is a powerful organisation comprising heads of rural committees which repre ...

() *

Hong Kong Island Federation Hong may refer to: Places * Høng, a town in Denmark * Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China * Hong, Nigeria * Hong River in China and Vietnam * Lake Hong in China Surnames * Hong (Chinese name) * Hong (Korean name) ...

() * HTTH Environmental Concern Group () *

() * Kowloon Federation of Associations () **

Fu Cheong Hung Estate Residents' Association Fu or FU may refer to: In arts and entertainment *Fool Us, Penn & Teller's magic-competition television show *Fǔ, a type of ancient Chinese vessel *Fu (poetry) (赋), a Chinese genre of rhymed prose *'' FU: Friendship Unlimited'', a 2017 Marath ...

() **

Kwun Tong Residents Association The Kwun Tong Residents Association (, KTRA) is a long established Kaifong association rooted in Kwun Tong. It was established in 1974 and gained its status as non-profit organisation in 1999. It was seen as a traditional pro-PRC leftist group. The ...

() *

Hong Kong People's Council on Housing Policy The Hong Kong People's Council on Public Housing Policy (; HKPCHP), formerly called the Hong Kong People's Council on Public Housing Policy (), was a Hong Kong pressure group established in 1978 and was prominent in the 1970s and 80s. It was set ...

() *

Kowloon West New Dynamic Kowloon West New Dynamic is a district-based pro-Beijing political group in Hong Kong. It was founded by a group of local politicians in the western part of Kowloon on 16 March 2008. The main focus of party is to improve quality of life in ...

() *

New Territories Association of Societies The New Territories Association of Societies (, NTAS) is a pro-Beijing umbrella political group which consists of hundreds of the New Territories community organisations. The founding president of the Association was Lee Lin-sang, who served a ...

() ** New Territories West Residents Association () ** Hong Kong Tin Shui Wai Women Association () * Luen Wo United () * Lung Mun Concern Group () * North District Blueprint () * North of the Rings () * Sai Kung Commons () *

Sha Tin Community Network The Shatin Community Network ( zh, t=沙田社區網絡) is a localist political group in Hong Kong. It was formed by a group of Sha Tin residents and former member of the Chinese University of Hong Kong Local Society was inspired by 2014 O ...

() * Sha Tin Community Vision () * Shau Kei Wan East Future () *

Tai Po Democratic Alliance Tai Po Democratic Alliance () is a loose political alliance consisting of the 17 candidates in the 2019 District Council election for the Tai Po District Council. With the pro-democracy camp winning all the elected seats in the election, the a ...

() * Tai Po Network of Democracy and Livelihood () * Tin Shui Wai Connection () *

Tin Shui Wai Livelihood Progression Union Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from la, stannum) and atomic number 50. Tin is a silvery-coloured metal. Tin is soft enough to be cut with little force and a bar of tin can be bent by hand with little effort. When bent, ...

() * Tseung Kwan O Pioneers () * Tseung Kwan O Shining () *

Tsing Yi Concern Group Tsing Yi Concern Group (; TYCG) is a pressure group formed in 1983 by a group of social workers to promote grassroots participation in local affairs in Tsing Yi. It opposed the Mobil Oil depot storing inflammable petroleum products and liquefied p ...

() *

Tsing Yi People Tsing may refer to: * Jing (disambiguation) *Jin (disambiguation) * Qing (disambiguation) *Qin (disambiguation) *Ching (disambiguation) *Chin (disambiguation) The chin is the lowermost part of the human face. * Double chin, an extra layer of fat ...

() * Tsuen Wan Dynamic for the People () * Unity of San Hui ()

Electoral coalitions

* 7.1 United Front () * A16 Alliance () * ABC.P.A * Academics In Support of Democracy () * Action 9 () * Alliance of Housing Department Staff Unions () * ALLinHK *

Central and Western Democratic Power Central and Western Democratic Power is a local political group in the Central and Western district of Hong Kong. It was convened by Kam Nai Wai, a member of Democratic Party and Central and Western District Councillor, and is mainly composed of ...

() *

Civic Passion–Proletariat Political Institute–Hong Kong Resurgence Order A localist political alliance was formed by 3 Hong Kong organisations – Civic Passion, Proletariat Political Institute and Hong Kong Resurgence Order – to field candidates to contest the 2016 legislative election. Without an offic ...

() * Coalition of Hong Kong Newspaper and Magazine Merchant () * Democrat Professionals Hong Kong () * Democratic Accountants () *

Democratic Coalition for DC Election The Democratic Coalition for DC Election (, formerly ) is an electoral co-ordination mechanism run by pro-democratic parties to avoid clashes between allies in the District Council elections. History It was first created for the 2007 Distri ...

() * Demo-Social 12/ Demo-Social 60/ Demo-Social Front () * Doctors for Democracy () * Engineers for Universal Suffrage () * Gov.ALPS () * Health Professionals for Democracy 30 () * Hearts of Accountants () * ICT Energy () * IT Voice/ IT Voice 2012/ IT Vision * O Superpower () * People Power–League of Social Democrats () * Progressive Social Work () * Students United 2017 () * Tertiary 2012 () * Together for Social Welfare () * User Voice () *

V18 Accountants V18 or V-18 may refer to: *V18 engine A V18 engine is an eighteen-cylinder piston engine where two banks of nine cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. The V18 engine is a rare configuration and is primarily us ...

() *

Vox Pop ( )Vox Populi
. Oxford Diction ...

* Welfare Empower Hong Kong () * Win Win Hong Kong Accountants () *

Y5 Give Me Five Y5 may refer to: * a Chinese copy of the Soviet Antonov An-2 The Antonov An-2 ("kukuruznik"—corn crop duster; USAF/DoD reporting name Type 22, NATO reporting name Colt) is a Soviet mass-produced single-engine biplane utility/agricultural ai ...

() * Your Vote Counts ()

Defunct

Pro-democracy camp

123 Democratic Alliance 123 Democratic Alliance ( Chinese: 一二三民主聯盟) was a pro-Kuomintang political party in Hong Kong. Established in 1994 by a group of pro-Taiwan, pro-democracy and pro-business politicians, it aims at striving for the unification o ...

() * Alliance for Universal Suffrage () *

Association for Democracy and Justice The Association for Democracy and Justice () was a short-lived liberal political organisation in Hong Kong during the mid-1980s as the predecessor of the Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL). History It was founde ...

() * Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group () *

Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power () was a local political group based in Cheung Sha Wan of Sham Shui Po District founded in 2015. Inspired by the Umbrella Revolution, the group contested in the 2015 District Council election but faile ...

() * Citizens Party () *

Civic Passion Civic Passion was a radical, populist, localist, and nativist political party in Hong Kong. Founded by Wong Yeung-tat as an activist group in 2012, it held strong localist views and opposed the involvement of the Chinese government in the ...

() * Co-operative Resources Centre () *

Community March Community March () was a district-based political group formed in late 2017 in Hong Kong by a group of pro-democracy social activists. History Initiated by former chairwoman of the Labour Party Suzanne Wu, the group was actively planning ...

() * Community Sha Tin () * Constitutional Reform Association of Hong Kong * Democratic Alliance () * Democratic Progressive Party of Hong Kong () * Democratic Self-Government Party of Hong Kong () *

Demosistō Demosisto (stylised Demosistō) () was a pro-democracy political organisation established on 10 April 2016 as a political party. It was led by Joshua Wong and Agnes Chow – former leaders of Scholarism, along with Nathan Law, former secreta ...

() * Federation for the Stability of Hong Kong () * The Frontier () * Frontline Doctors' Union () *

Hong Kong Affairs Society The Hong Kong Affairs Society () was a middle class and professionals oriented political organisation formed in 1984 for the discussion for the Hong Kong prospect and political constitution after the handover to China with about 20 members led ...

() * Hong Kong Alliance of Chinese and Expatriates () * Hong Kong Citizen Forum () * Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions () *

Hong Kong Forum Hong may refer to: Places * Høng, a town in Denmark * Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China * Hong, Nigeria * Hong River in China and Vietnam * Lake Hong in China Surnames * Hong (Chinese name) * Hong (Korean name) ...

() * Hong Kong National Party () * Hong Kong Observers () *

Hong Kong People's Association The Hong Kong People's Association () was a middle-class and professional oriented political organisation formed on 18 November 1984. Along with the Association for Democracy and Justice, it was established in response to the signage of the Sino ...

() * Hong Kong Policy Viewers () *

Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union The Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union (HKPTU) was a pro-democracy trade union, professional association and social concern group in Hong Kong. Until its disbandment in 2021, it was the largest teachers' organisation in Hong Kong with ...

() *

Hong Kong Progressive Alliance The Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (HKPA) was a pro-Beijing, pro-business political party in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It was established in 1994 and was merged into the Democratic Alliance ...

() * Hong Kong Prospect Institute () * Hong Kong Socialist Democratic Party () * Kowloon City Observers () *

Kowloon Residents' Association The Kowloon Residents' Association was one of the earliest political organisations in Hong Kong history founded in 1920. History It was formed by a group of Europeans residing on the Kowloon Peninsula, British Hong Kong on 20 January 1920. The ...

() * Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong () * Liberal Democratic Party ()` *

Meeting Point Meeting Point ( Chinese: 匯點) was a liberal political organisation and party in Hong Kong formed by a group of former student activists in the 1970s and intellectuals for the discussion for the Sino-British negotiation on the question of Hon ...

() *

Neo Democrats The Neo Democrats was a pro-democracy, localist political group in Hong Kong composed mainly of former and disenchanted members of the Democratic Party New Territories East branch after the 2012 constitutional reform proposals. It had held ...

() * New Hong Kong Alliance () *

New Hong Kong Society The New Hong Kong Society (Chinese: 新香港學社) was a political organisation existed in the early 1980s in the background of Sino-British negotiation over Hong Kong's sovereignty after 1997. It was one of the first groups to accept Chinese sov ...

() * Power for Democracy () *

Progressive Hong Kong Society The Progressive Hong Kong Society (; PHKS) was a political group in Hong Kong. It was established on 14 February 1985 by the then Executive and Legislative Council member Maria Tam. The party is considered conservative and pro-Beijing, in con ...

() * Public Affairs Society () *

Reform Club of Hong Kong The Reform Club of Hong Kong was one of the oldest political organisations in Hong Kong, existing from 1949 until the mid-1990s. Established by expatriates who were concerned about the Young Plan proposed by Governor Mark Aitchison Young in 1 ...

() * Social Democratic Forum () * Social Democratic Front () * Team Chu Hoi Dick of New Territories West () *

Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power () was a local political group based in Tsz Wan Shan of Wong Tai Sin District founded in January 2015 by a group of HKGolden netizens. Inspired by the Umbrella Revolution, the group contested in the 2015 Distric ...

() * Tuen Mun Community Network () *

United Ants The Ant Alliance (or United Ants; ) was a short-lived civil group in the 1990s that was informally started by workers and professionals for the protection of civil and political rights. These are outlined in the Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance, ...

() *

United Democrats of Hong Kong The United Democrats of Hong Kong (; UDHK) was a short-lived political party in Hong Kong founded in 1990 as the united front of the liberal democracy forces in preparation of the 1991 first ever direct election for the Legislative Council of ...

() * United Front for the Service of the People () *

United Nations Association of Hong Kong The United Nations Association of Hong Kong () was a political organisation formed for promoting the values of the United Nations to Hong Kong residents. It was founded by Director of Sincere Co. Ltd Ma Man-fai in 1953. It allied with the Reform ...

() *

Victoria Social Association The Victoria Social Association (HKVSA) was a local political group based in Central and Western District and Wan Chai District, the former area of the Victoria City founded in April 2016. The association won one seat in Wan Chai in 2019 Distr ...

()

References

{{Hong Kong topics, collapsed

Political parties A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology ...

Present parties

Parties and groups in the Legislative and District Councils

Other parties and groups

Pro-democracy camp

Pro-Beijing camp

Localist groups

Umbrella organisations

Others

Regional organisations, communal pressure groups and Kaifong associations

Electoral coalitions

Defunct

Pro-democracy camp

See also

References